Sociology

Victoria Reyes
Areas of Specialization: Globalization, Inequality, Economic Sociology, Cultural Wealth, Legal Pluralism, Space and Place, Urban Sociology, Ethnography, Culture, Introduction to Sociology, Research Methods

David S. Pedulla
Areas of Specialization: Economic Sociology, Social Stratification, Race, Gender, Organizations, Sociology of Work, Social Policy, Experimental Methods
 

Victoria Reyes

Education
PhD, Princeton University, Sociology, expected 2014
MA, Princeton University, Sociology, 2010
BA, The Ohio State University, International Studies, 2006
BA, The Ohio State University, Psychology, 2006

Research/Teaching Interests
Globalization, Inequality, Economic Sociology, Cultural Wealth, Legal Pluralism, Space and Place, Urban Sociology, Ethnography, Culture, Introduction to Sociology, Research Methods

Dissertation
Title: Subic Bay Freeport Zone, Philippines: A Case Study of Global Borderlands

Committee: Miguel Centeno (Chair), Viviana Zelizer, Doug Massey

Dissertation Abstract:

Globalization includes increased, systematic interactions between people across race, nationality, class, and gender. With a few notable exceptions, little is known about the dynamics of these meetings. Has the increased speed and intensity of these meetings given way to a new form of global inequality, one characterized by hierarchies of race, class, status, gender, nationality, and space? Research on immigrants and national borders come close to addressing the issues around hierarchies of class, race, gender, and nationality; however, since many of these interpersonal contacts occur outside these locales, meeting zones that lie outside national borders need to be further examined. Many scholars also draw upon research on cities in order to examine the dynamics that shape the social interactions that occur among different actors. This research demonstrates that cities are based on stratification systems that play out spatially, give rise to new categorical distinctions, and reflect the societies in which they are a part. However, we know little about the interpersonal dynamics that occur in spaces that are foreign-owned and where legal authority is ambiguous and plural. We cannot assume that traditional dynamics within cities apply to these places. In order to address these concerns we need to identify these meeting zones, which I conceptualize as global borderlands.

Global borderlands are semi-autonomous geographical locations where international exchange occurs. They are specific, territorially defined locations where distinct international, state, and sub-national legal orders overlap. They include sites such as overseas military bases, special economic zones (SEZ) (for example, the entire island province of Hainan in China is considered one such zone), tourist resorts, embassies, headquarters of international organizations, and international universities. Within these spaces legal authority and applicability is ambiguous - national laws are often amendable for crimes committed within them, and they differ depending on the identity of the criminal and the context of the crime. This semi-autonomy occurs on a continuum. For example, military bases are ruled by their own laws, and not those of the host nations, while in special economic zones national economic laws, such as tariff barriers, are relaxed. For resorts this autonomy is on a much more informal level. When located within developing countries these spaces represent a particular type of global borderland defined by asymmetric distribution of resources between local workers, foreign visitors and the host nation and guest country.

Taking the global city literature as a point of departure, this dissertation uses data from Philippine and U.S. legal cases and government documents, in-depth and informal interviews, nine months of ethnographic observations, and statistical background information in order to examine the asymmetries that exist between foreign visitors, local workers, and local visitors within the tourist resorts and special economic zone of Subic, Philippines. As the home of a former U.S. military base and the current site of tourist resorts and a Freeport zone (FZ), it serves as a particularly strategic research location to examine the different forms of interactions that occur between groups. Using a case study approach to conduct a case study of one contemporary FZ business (the recently created Harbor Point mall) and a survey of all FZ hotels, I investigate four particular contexts in which these asymmetries exist: social and spatial organization, legal frameworks, work, and consumption. I also examine the overall legal context of the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA), the governing body of the Subic Bay Freeport Zone (SBFZ), and add a historical case study in order to examine how the current state of the city arose under particular historical circumstances related to the establishment and subsequent departure of the former U.S. naval base, and as an additional example of a different type of borderland. These institutions allow me to examine how borderlands are created and maintained, their socio-legal order, and how asymmetries are managed on the ground.

Publications & Papers Under Review
Reyes, Victoria. 2013. "The Structure of Globalized Travel: A Relational Country-Pair Analysis" International Journal of Comparative Sociology (Forthcoming)

Reyes, Victoria and Miguel Angel Centeno. 2011. "McDonalds, Wienerwald, and the Corner Deli" in Ramesh Subramanian and Eddan Katz (eds) The Global Flow of Information pp. 23-40. New York: New York University Press

Reyes, Victoria. 2011. Review of Divided by Borders: Mexican Migrants and Their Children by Joanna Dreby. ACCOUNTS: The Newsletter of ASA's Economic Sociology Section 10(3):7-8

Reyes, Victoria. "Global Borderlands: A Case Study of Subic Bay Freeport Zone, Philippines" Under Review

Reyes, Victoria. "The Historical Legacies of Place: From Military Base to Freeport Zone" Under Review

Reyes, Victoria. "The Production of Cultural and Natural Wealth: An Examination of World Heritage Sites" Under Review

Selected Grants, Awards & Fellowships
2009-2012, National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship

2008-2009, Graduate Fellowship, Princeton University

2006-2007, Fulbright Grant, Institution of International Education, Philippines

2006-2007, Center for Women's Studies, Visiting Research Fellow, University of the Philippines

Teaching Experience
SOC 250: The Western Way of War, Preceptor, Princeton University, Spring 2011

SOC 300: Claims and Evidence in Sociology, Preceptor, Princeton University, Fall 2010

SOC 101: Introduction to Sociology, Preceptor, Princeton University, Fall 2009

For More Information:
www.princeton.edu/~vreyes

David S. Pedulla

Education
PhD, Princeton University, Sociology & Social Policy, expected 2014
MA, Princeton University, Sociology, 2010
BA, Boston College, History, 2004

Research/Teaching Interests
Economic Sociology, Social Stratification, Race, Gender, Organizations, Sociology of Work, Social Policy, Experimental Methods

Dissertation
Title: Non-Standard and Precarious Work in the New Economy

Committee: Devah Pager (Chair), Paul DiMaggio, Viviana Zelizer

Dissertation Abstract:

Non-standard and precarious employment - part-time work, temporary agency employment, skills underemployment, on-call work, and independent contracting - have become a cornerstone of the new economy. My dissertation takes seriously the consequences of these changes in employment relations for both workers and business organizations while filling important gaps in the literature. First, I investigate the impact of non-standard employment histories on workers' future labor market opportunities and address how these consequences vary by the race and gender of the worker. To shed light on this set of issues, I implement a survey experiment with approximately 2,000 hiring decision-makers at U.S. firms and a complementary audit study of job openings at nearly 2,500 employers across five U.S. labor markets. In both experiments, the primary manipulation is the most recent employment experience of the job applicant - full-time, part-time, or temporary agency employment, a job below the applicant's skill level, or a spell of unemployment. I also manipulate the race and gender of the job applicants using racialized and gendered names. By tracking employers' responses to each employment history in both the survey experiment and the audit study I am able to generate causal estimates of the consequences of non-standard work histories for individuals as they move through the labor market as well as probe the mechanisms underlying these consequences. The audit study demonstrates that workers with non-standard employment histories are severely penalized compared to steady full-time workers. In fact, having a history of part-time work, temporary agency employment, or skills underemployment is as detrimental for workers as being unemployed for a year. These findings also vary by workers' demographic characteristics, providing insights into how non-standard employment, race, and gender intersect in the production of labor market inequality.

The second part of my dissertation explores the consequences of business establishments' use of non-standard workers. Drawing on employer-employee matched data in the U.S., I examine how employers' use of temporary workers, on-call workers, and independent contractors is related to the attitudes and outcomes of the standard employees in those workplaces. After adjusting for key organizational and individual factors, I find that employers' use of temporary workers, but not their use of on-call workers or independent contractors, is associated with standard employees reporting lower levels of perceived job security and organizational trust as well as worse relationships with managers and co-workers. Overall, my dissertation aims to more deeply understand the consequences of changing economic structures for key social outcomes and to identify the mechanisms through which those consequences operate.

Publications & Papers Under Review
Scholarly Articles and Book Chapters

Pedulla, David S. Forthcoming. "The Hidden Costs of Contingency: Employers' Use of Contingent Workers and Standard Employees' Outcomes." Social Forces.

Pedulla, David S. 2012. "To Be Young and Unemployed." New Labor Forum 21(3):26-36.

Pedulla, David S., and Katherine S. Newman. 2011. "The Family and Community Impacts of Underemployment." Pp. 233-250 in Underemployment: Psychological, Economic, and Social Challenges, ed. Douglas C. Maynard and Daniel C. Feldman. New York: Springer.

O'Brien, Rourke, and David S. Pedulla. 2010. "Beyond the Poverty Line." Stanford Social Innovation Review 8(4):30-35 (equal authorship).

Pager, Devah, Bruce Western, and David S. Pedulla. 2009. "Employment Discrimination and the Changing Landscape of Low-Wage Labor Markets." The University of Chicago Legal Forum 317-345.

Under Review

Pedulla, David S. "The Positive Consequences of Negative Stereotypes: Race, Sexual Orientation, and the Job Application Process." (2^nd Revise & Resubmit, Social Psychology Quarterly).

Owens, Lindsay A., and David S. Pedulla. "Material Welfare and Changing Political Preferences: The Case of Support for Redistributive Social Policies" (equal authorship). (Revise & Resubmit: Minor Revisions, Social Forces).

Pedulla, David S., and Sarah Thebaud. "Can We Finish the Revolution? Gender, Work-Family Ideals, and Institutional Constraint" (equal authorship).

Pager, Devah, and David S. Pedulla. "Race, Self-Selection, and the Job Search Process."

Work in Progress
Pedulla, David S. "New Scars for the New Economy? The Consequences of Non-Standard Employment Histories."

Pedulla, David S. "Race and Non-Standard Work at the Hiring Interface."

Selected Grants, Awards & Fellowships
2012-2013 National Science Foundation, Dissertation Improvement Grant

2012-2013 Horowitz Foundation for Social Policy, Dissertation Research Grant

2012-2013 Employment Instability, Family Well-Being, and Social Policy Network at University of Chicago, Dissertation Research Grant

2012-2013 Fellowship of Woodrow Wilson Scholars, Princeton University

2013 American Sociological Association, Section on Sexualities, Best Graduate Student Paper Award

2012 Time-Sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences, Survey Grant (Co-PI with Sarah Thebaud)

2012 Society for the Advancement of Socio-Economics, Graduate Student Paper Award

2012 Society for the Study of Social Problems, Racial and Ethnic Minorities Division, Graduate Student Paper Award (Honorable Mention)

2012 Center for African American Studies, Princeton University, Dissertation Research Grant

2011 Time-Sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences, Survey Grant

2011 Center for the Study of Social Organization, Princeton University, Research Grant

2011 American Sociological Association, Section on Inequality, Poverty and Mobility, Outstanding Graduate Student Paper Award (Honorable Mention)

2011 Society for the Study of Social Problems, Labor Studies Division, Harry Braverman Award

2010 Distinction on Qualifying Exams, Department of Sociology, Princeton University

Teaching Experience
SOC 301: Sociological Research Methods (Undergraduate Statistics), Preceptor, Princeton University (Fall 2010)

SOC 101: The Sociological Perspective, Preceptor, Princeton University (Fall 2009)

For More Information:
www.davidpedulla.org