(1) Bibliographies

(See also Selected Bibliographies on China.)

• Brook, Timothy, Geographical Sources of Ming-Ch'ing History. Ann Arbor: Michigan University Press, 1991.

• Brown, Peter, & Eugene Wu, Contemporary China: A Research Guide. Stanford: The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace, 1967.

• Clart, Philip, BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WESTERN LANGUAGE PUBLICATIONS ON CHINESE POPULAR RELIGION (1995 to present). The subject categories are adapted from Laurence G. Thompson's Chinese Religions bibliographies, which are the best bibliographic resource for publications on Chinese popular religion up to 1995.

• Fairbank, John King, & Masataka Banno, Japanese Studies of Modern China. Rutland Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle Co. , 1955.

• Fairbank, John King, Kaiko Kamachi, & Chuzo Ichiko. Japanese Studies of Modern China Since 1953. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1975. There is also a supplementary volume for 1953-69. See Kamachi Noriko. Japanese Studies of Modern China Since 1953: A Bibliographic Guide to Historical and Social Science Research on the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. Harvard East Asian Monograph. Cambridge: East Asian Research Center, Harvard University, 1975.

• Fairbank, John King, & Kwang-ching Liu. Modern China: A Bibliographical Guide to Chinese Works 1898-1937. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1950.

• Gosling, L. A. Peter. Maps, Atlases and Gazetteers for Asian Studies, A Critical Guide. New York: Foreign Area Materials Center, University of the State of New York, State Education Department, 1965.

• Herman, Theodore. The Geography of China: A Selected and Annotated Bibliography. New York: Foreign Area Materials Center, University of the State of New York, State Education Department, 1967. Works in English.

• Lin Tiesen 林 鐵 森 . Zhongguo li shi gong ju shu zhi nan 中 國 歷 史 工 具 書 指 南(Guide to Chinese reference works). Beijing: Beijing chu ban she, 1992.

• Shulman, Frank Joseph, ed. Doctoral Dissertations on China and on Inner Asia, 1976-1990: An Annotated Bibliography of Studies in Western Languages. With contributions by Patricia Polansky and Anna Leon Shulman. Bibliographies and indexes in Asian studies, no. 2. Westport, Conn., and London: Greenwood Press, 1998. Several hundred doctoral dissertations dealing in their entirety or in part with China are included within this new, comprehensive, descriptively annotated, classified, cross-referenced and extensively indexed guide to over 10,000 dissertations on China, Hong Kong, Macao, Mongolia, Taiwan, Tibet and the overseas Chinese, Mongolian and Tibetan communities. As a retrospective reference work, it encompasses research undertaken throughout the 1970s and 1980s at universities in forty countries in virtually every academic discipline. Over one half of the entries within it have never appeared in Dissertation Abstracts International (a monthly publication of UMI in Ann Arbor, Michigan). The volume also provides detailed information about the availability of these dissertations from numerous sources worldwide, and indicates which dissertations are also available as published or printed monographs. Compiled and edited with the support of the Henry Luce Foundation and the Chiang Ching-guo Foundation for International Scholarly Exchange, this definitive bibliography serves as a convenient one stop reference to a wealth of previously scattered published and unpublished information.
  Partial Table of Contents: Introduction; Anthropology and Sociology; Archaeology; Architecture and Gardens; Art and Art History; China and Chinese Civilization and Culture Outside of China; Crime and Criminology; Education of Chinese Students at Institutions Outside of China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan; Environment; Film and Cinema; Folklore; Food and Drinks; Geography; Health and Medicine; History; Housing; International Economic, Military and Political Relations; Language; Law; Libraries, Archives and Information Services; Literature; Martial Arts; Mass Media; Military and National Defense; Mongolian Communities, Civilization and Culture Outside of Mongolia; Music; Numismatics; Overseas Chinese Communities; Politics and Government; Psychology; Religion and Philosophy; Science, Engineering and Technology; Speech and Communication; Sports and Recreation; Tibetan Communities, Civilization and Culture Outside of Tibet; Tourism; Guide to the Availability of Dissertations; Statistical Tables; Indexes by Author, by Degree-Awarding Institution, and by Subject.

• Teng, Ssu-yu, & Knight Biggerstaff. An Annotated Bibliography of Selected Chinese Reference Works. Revised Edition. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1950.

• Tsang (Tseng) Ying-ching 曾 影 靖. Research Tools to Chinese History: An Annotated Bibliography 中 國 歷 史 研 究 工 具 書 錄. Hong Kong: Long men shu dian, 1968.

• Wixted, John, compiler. Japanese Scholars of China: A Bibliographical Handbook. Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1992.

• Wright, Hope. Alphabetical List of Geographic Names in Sung China, Paris: Ecole pratique des hautes etudes, 1956. Reprint Albany: Journal of Song-Yuan Studies, 1992.

• Zhu Jinfu, chief compiler. Zhongguo dang an wen xian ci dian 中 國 檔 案 文 獻 辭 典 (Dictionary of Chinese primary sources in archives). Beijing: Zhongguo ren shi chu ban she, 1994. Annotated bibliographical guide to published Chinese language primary source materials. Useful for planning historical research. 3,985 entries arranged chronologically by historical period.

• See Classified Bibliography Of Reference Works On Chinese Historical Geography for a useful electronic bibliography of Chinese geographical sources. Maintained by Thomas H. Hahn, Cornell University. The classification includes a) general works; b) cartography and maps; c) toponymical dictionaries down to the province level; d) bibliographies of articles and books; e) handbooks on Chinese geographers and historians of geography; f) catalogues of gazetteers. The website on historical geography will also be available through the Bibliographical instructions (BI) clearinghouse tree maintained by Cathy Chiu at UCSB.

(2) Place Name Dictionaries and Gazetteers

• Da Qing yi tong zhi 大 清 一 統 志. Third revised edition of 1843. Jiaqing chong xiu yi tong zhi 嘉 慶 重 修 一 統 志 . Si bu cong kan 四 部 叢 刊 . Second Series. Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1934. Photo duplicated from original manuscript by Commercial Press which has also added a supplementary index. Basic work of its kind treating Chinese historical geography until 1820.

• Feng Chengjun 馮 承 鈞. Xi yu di ming 西 域 地 名. Shanghai: Zhonghua shu ju, 1955. Very useful for identification of Chinese rendering of non-Chinese place names in western Asia.

• Gu Yanwu 顧 炎 武.Tian xia jun guo li bing shu 天 下 郡 國 利 病 書.

• Gu Zuyu 顧 祖 輿. Du shi fang yu ji yao 讀 史 方 輿 紀 要 .

• Hoshi Ayao 星 斌 夫, compiler. Shina chimei jiten 支 那 地 名 辭 典 . Tokyo: Fuzanbo, 1941.

• Jin Enhui, & Hu Shuzhao, eds. Zhongguo di fang zhi zong mu ti yao 中 國 地 方 志 綜 目 提 要 (General digest of Chinese gazetteers). 3 vols. Taibei: Han mei tu shu you xian gong si, 1996. Lists 8577 gazetteers geographically, with information on authorship, dating and contents.

• Liu Junren 劉 鈞 任, compiler. Zhongguo di ming da ci dian 中 國 地 名 大 辭 典 . Beijing: Guo li Beiping yan jiu yuan, 1930. Very handy due to romanized index. Reprint Taibei: Wen hai, 1967.

• Manual of Chinese-Manchurian Personal and Place Names. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Edwards Brothers, 1943.

• Playfair, M.H. The Cities and Towns of China: A Geographical Dictionary. Second Edition. Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh, 1910. Standard work in English. Reprint Taibei: Cheng wen, 1971.

• Saishin Chuka Minkoku Manshu Teikoku jinmei chimei binran 最 近 中 華 民 國 滿 洲 帝 國 人 名 地 名 , Taimusu Shuppansha hensan. Compiled by Taimusu Shuppansha. Tokyo: Taimusu Shuppansha, 1939.

• Tsiang, Amy Ching-fen, & Hong Cheng, compilers. A Catalog of Post-1949 Chinese Local Histories at UCLA. Los Angeles: University of California, Los Angeles East Asian Library, 1997.

• U.S. Department of Interior, Office of Geography. Mainland China Administrative Divisions and Their Seats, Official Standard Names Approved by Board on Geographic Names. Washington, D. C. : U. S. Government Printing Office, 1963. See Berton, Peter, & Eugene Wu. Contemporary China: A Research Guide. Edited by Howard Koch, Jr. Stanford: Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace, 1967, p. 184, #414.

• U.S. Department of Interior, Office of Geography. China: Official Standard Names Approved by the U. S. Board on Geographic Names. Washington, D. C. : U. S. Government Printing Office, 1956. Two volumes (979 pp.) containing some 37,600 entries exclusive of Hong Kong, Macao, Sinkiang, Taiwan, and Tibet.

• U.S. Department of Interior, Office of Geography. Hong Kong, Macao, Sinkiang, Taiwan, and Tibet: Official Standard Names Approved by the U. S. Board on Geographic Names. Washington, D. C. : U. S. Government Printing Office, 1955.

• Wright, Hope. Alphabetical List of Geographic Names in Sung China. Paris: Ecole pratique des hautes etudes, 1956. Reprint Albany: Journal of Song-Yuan Studies, 1992.

• Yue shi 樂 史. Tai ping huan yu ji 太 平 寰 宇 記.

• Zhejiang gu jin di ming ci dian 浙 江 古 今 地 名 詞 典 (Dictionary of ancient and modern place names in Zhejiang Province). Compiled by Chen Qiaoyi 陳 橋 驛 . Hangzhou: 浙 江 教 育 出 版 社 , 1991.

• Zang Lihe 臧 勵 龢 , et al., compilers. Zhongguo gu jin di ming da ci dian 中 國 古 今 地 名 大 辭 典 . Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1930. More comprehensive than the CHGIS (see below) but not as easy to use. Also does not have some of the names listed in the above. Reprints Taibei: Taiwan shang wu, 1972; Hong Kong: Shang wu, 1982. .

• The China Historical Geographic Information System (CHGIS) project was launched in December 2000, with funding from the Luce Foundation. The CHGIS will establish a standardized coding system to identify historical administrative units for different periods in Chinese History, and will also provide a base GIS platform for researchers to use for spatial analysis,temporal statistical modeling, and representation of selected historical units as digital maps. The project will begin with several temporal slices from the Qing Dynasty and work backwards in time, allowing for additional information about intervening points in time to be added at any stage in the process. The objective is to create a flexible tool that can be used to investigate any sort of geographically specific data related to China. The CHGIS geocodes can be used as unique identifiers in databases, or to mark up texts, which will enable users to import their own datasets into the CHGIS platform. Users will be able to sort, query, and display their data, for different historical periods, or at different levels of aggregation. In addition, the CHGIS is designed to allow for alternate versions of both feature attribute tables, and their related spatial objects. This will enable users to create their own interpretations of historical administrative changes, should they wish to do so, and to store them in a separate spatial data table. In this way, alternate versions and interpretations of Chinese History can be displayed, overlayed, compared, and analyzed statistically. Similarly, alternate feature data tables can be associated with the spatial data in CHGIS, which could be used to generate tables and maps in different languages, or for analysis of highly specialized data, such as environmental change, population studies, the spread of religions, historical linguistics, etc.

(3) Atlases

• Cao Wanru, et al., ed. Zhongguo gu dai di tu ji 中 國 古 代 地 圖 集 (An atlas of ancient maps in China). Beijing: Wen wu chu ban she, Xin hua shu dian, 1990-. Multivolume series.

• Elvin, Mark, & Caroline Blunden. Cultural Atlas of China. Oxford: Equinox Book, 1983.

• Fuchs, Walter. The "Mongol Atlas" of China by Chu Ssu-pen and the Kuang-yu-t'o. Beijing: Fu Jen Catholic University Press, 1946. Contains 48 facsimile maps dating from 1555.

• Herrmann, Albert. Historical and Commercial Atlas of China. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1935. Taiwan Reprint. Poor.

• Herrmann, Albert. An Historical Atlas of China. Edingburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1966.

• Hu Linyi 胡 林 翼 , et al., compilers. Da Qing yi tong yu tu 大 清 一 統 輿 圖. Completed about 1863. See Teng, Ssu-yu, & Knight Biggerstaff. An Annotated Bibliography of Selected Chinese Reference Works. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1971, pp. 222-223 for a description of this famous Qing atlas. Arranged by sections.

• Jin Qingyu 金 擎 於 and others, Zhongguo fen sheng xin di tu 中 國 分 省 新 地 圖. Shanghai: Da Zhongguo tu shu ju, 1947.

• Matsuda Toshio 松 田 壽 男. Ajia rekishi chizu 亞 細 亞 歷 史 地 圖. Tokyo: Heibonsha, 1966. Excellent historical atlas for Asia.

• Shigeno Yasutsugu 重 野 安 繹. Shina kyoiki enkakuzu 支 那 疆 域 沿 革 圖. Tokyo: Fuzanbo, 1906. Very good historical atlas of China usually listed in catalogs under Chinese rendition of title, Zhina jing yu yan ge tu.

• Ting, K. (Ding Wenjiang) 丁 文 江, et al. Zhonghua Minguo xin di tu 中 華 民 國 新 地 圖. Shanghai: Shanghai Shen-pao kuan, 1934. The best atlas for Republican China. An abbreviated version of this atlas was published at the same time under the title Zhongguo fen sheng xin tu 中 國 分 省 新 圖. Has romanized table.

• Tan Qixiang 譚 其 驤. Zhongguo li shi di tu ji 中 國 歷 史 地 圖 集. 8 vols. Shanghai: Xin hua shu dian, 1975.

• U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. China: Provisional Atlas of Communist Administrative Units. Washington, D. C. : U. S. Department of Commerce, Office of Technical Services, 1959. See Berton, Peter, & Eugene Wu. Contemporary China: A Research Guide. Edited by Howard Koch, Jr. Stanford: Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace, 1967,p. 182, # 409.

• U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Communist China Administrative Atlas. Washington, D. C. : 1969. The most recent atlas of Communist China available showing the most recent administrative units.

• U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Communist Map Folio. Washington, D. C. : 1967.

• Yang Shoujing 楊 守 敬, & Xiong Huizhen 熊 會 貞, compilers. Li dai yu di tu 歷 代 輿 地 圖. Yang shi Guan hai tang edition of 1906-1911. This is the most famous of Chinese historical atlases. The place names for each period are printed in black on a Qing map printed in red. The Ming dynasty volume has been reprinted and mounted as a full map under the title Ming di li zhi tu 明 地 理 志 圖 published by the Chinese Materials and Research Aids Service Center, Inc. of Taibei.

• Zhang Qiyun 張 其 昀, ed. Gong fei qie ju xia de Zhongguo da lu fen sheng di tu 共 匪 竊 據 下 的 中 國 大 陸 分 省 地 圖. Originally published in Shanghai and republished by the Guo fang yan jiu yuan, Taibei, 1956. Excellent reproduction of a Communist atlas.

• Zhonghua min guo you zheng yu tu 中 華 民 國 郵 政 輿 圖 (The Postal Atlas of China). 4th edition. Compiled by the Chinese Directorate-General of Posts. Nanking: Jiao tong bu you zheng zong ju, 1935.

• Zhonghua ren min gong he guo fen sheng di tu ji 中 華 人 民 共 和 國 分 省 地 圖 集. Compiled by Zhongguo di tu chu ban she. Beijing: Zhongguo di tu chu ban she, 1990.

(4) Chronologies, Chronological Biographies, & Genealogies

• Academia Sinica, Taiwan, has an online Chinese-Western calendar converter 兩 千 年 中 西 曆 轉 換. However, it does not give seasons.

• Dong Zuobin 董 作 賓. Chronological Tables of Chinese History. 中 國 年 曆 總 譜. 2 vols. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 1960.

• Fang Shiming 方 詩 銘 , Fang Xiaofen 方 小 芬 . Zhongguo shi li ri he Zhong xi li dui zhao biao 中 國 史 曆 日 和 中 西 曆 日 對 照 表 . Shanghai: Shanghai xi shu chu ban she, 1987.

• Historical Calenders of China, the West and Islam 中 西 回 史 日 曆. Taibei: Yi wen yin shu guan, 1972.

• Tchang, Matthias. Synchronismes chinois. Varietes Sinologiques, no. 24. Shanghai: Mission Catholique, 1905. Reprint Taibei: Cheng wen, 1967.

• Xue Zhongsan 薛 仲 三, Ouyang Yi 歐 陽 頤. A Sino-Western Calender for Two Thousand Years: 1-2000 A.D. 兩 千 年 中 西 曆 對 照 表. Changsha: Shang wu yin shu guan.

• Zhang Peiyu 張培瑜. San qian wu bai nian li ri tian xiang三千 五 百 年 曆 日 天 象 (Three thousand five hundred years of astronomical and chronological tables). 鄭 州 Zhengzhou, 1997. Covers 1500 B.C. to A.D. 2050 with unprecedented precision.

• Zheng Hesheng 鄭 鶴 聲. Jin shi Zhong xi shi ri dui zhao biao 近 世 中 西 時 日 對 照 表. Shanghai: Commercial Press, 1936.

• There are other more specialized sources. See:

  • Warring states

    • Miao Wenyuan 繆 文 遠. Zhanguo shi xi nian ji zheng 戰 國 史 系 年 輯 正 (Collected corrections for the chronology of the Warring States). Chengdu: Ba shu, 1997. This new work is based on three sources: the Zhu shu ji nian 竹 書 紀 年 ; the Qin chronology excavated at Yunmeng (known as the Bian nian ji 編 年 記 ); and the manuscript Zhanguo zong heng jia shu 戰 國 縱 橫 家 書 from Mawangdui. It does not have an index, however.

  • Tang

    • Kroll, Paul. "Basic Data on Reign Dates and Local Government," in T'ang Studies 5 (1987): 95-104.

  • Ming

    • Hazelton, Keith. A Synchronic Chinese-Western Daily Calender, 1341-1661 A.D.. Ming Research Series. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1985.

    • Ming du fu nian biao 明 督 撫 年 表 (Chronology of official service by Ming dynasty provincial governors). Beijing: Zhong hua shu ju, 1982.

  • Qing

    • Ku, Hung-ting. Grand Secretariat in Ch'ing China : A Chronological List. Chinese Materials Center, 1980.

    • Qing dai zhi guan biao 清 代 職 官 表 (Chronological tables of official service by position during the Qing period). Beijing: Zhong hua shu ju, 1980.

    • Zhu Baojiong 朱 保 炯, & Xie Peilin 謝 沛 霖. Ming Qing jin shi ti ming bei lu suo yin 明 清 進 士 題 名 碑 錄 索 引 (Chronological index to Ming and Qing jin shi 進 士 civil examination rolls). 3 vols. Shanghai: Shanghai gu ji chu ban she, 1980.

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