After 1.d2-d4, white is threatening to play 2.e2-e4. Nearly all of the openings presented here are designed to prevent or discourage white from advancing the e-pawn to e4.

Black's main choices:

a) 1 ... d5 2.c4: Queen's Gambit
b) 1 ... Nf6 2.c4 c5: Benoni and Benko Gambit
c) 1 ... Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7: King's Indian
f) 1 ... Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5: Grunfeld
b) 1 ... Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4: Nimzo Indian
d) 1 ... Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 b6: Queen's Indian
e) 1 ... f5: Dutch Defense