clear set mem 20m set more off use "House_1946_2006_jacobson.dta" drop *exp po* switch* *all vars should be -1 == GOP, 0 = open, 1 = dem *coding as is /* 3 0 = Republican incumbent 1 = Democratic incumbent 2 = Open seat held by Democrats 3 = Open seat held by Republicans 4 = Open seat, new (reapportioned) 5 = Two incumbents (redistricting) 9 = Open seat, held by independent (Sanders VT) 4 1 = Democrat won 0 = Republican won 9 = 3rd party/independent won 5 Democrat's share of two-party vote 6 Democrat's share of two-party vote, previous election 7 0 = not freshman 1 = freshman elected previous general election 2 = freshman elected in special election more than 1 year earlier 3 = freshmen elected in a special election during this election year 9 = seat not defended by major party incumbent */ *rename vars to be consistent with 1946-2004 file used in 2006 paper rename stcd statecd rename pwin partyofwinner rename dv demvote rename dvp demvotelagged rename inc incumbency rename fr freshman *update missing data replace partyofwinner = 9 if partyofwinner == . *see Gelman and King 1994 (AJPS) for var details *count Bernie sanders as a Dem replace demvote = 56 if statecd == 4501 & year ==1990 replace demvotelagged = 56 if statecd == 4501 & year ==1992 replace demvote = 58 if statecd == 4501 & year ==1992 replace demvotelagged = 58 if statecd == 4501 & year ==1994 replace demvote = 50 if statecd == 4501 & year ==1994 replace demvotelagged = 50 if statecd == 4501 & year ==1996 replace demvote = 55 if statecd == 4501 & year ==1996 replace demvotelagged = 55 if statecd == 4501 & year ==1998 replace demvote = 63 if statecd == 4501 & year ==1998 replace demvotelagged = 63 if statecd == 4501 & year ==2000 replace demvote = 69 if statecd == 4501 & year ==2000 replace demvotelagged = 69 if statecd == 4501 & year ==2002 replace demvote = 64 if statecd == 4501 & year ==2002 replace demvotelagged = 64 if statecd == 4501 & year ==2004 replace demvote = 67 if statecd == 4501 & year ==2004 *bernie sanders replace partyofwinner = 1 if statecd == 4501 & year > 1988 *PAST LEGISLATIVE RESULTS gen dvote = demvote/100 gen dlag = demvotelagged/100 drop demvote* *impute uncontested to .25 (GOP) and .75 (DEM) gen dvoteimputed = dvote replace dvoteimputed = .25 if dvote ==. & partyofwinner == 0 replace dvoteimputed = .75 if dvote ==. & partyofwinner == 1 *2nd imputation: 0 and 1 gen dvoteimputed100 = dvote replace dvoteimputed100 = 0 if dvote ==. & partyofwinner == 0 replace dvoteimputed100 = 1 if dvote ==. & partyofwinner == 1 sort statecd year gen partyofwinner_lag =. replace partyofwinner_lag = partyofwinner[_n-1] if statecd==statecd[_n-1] gen dlagimputed = dlag replace dlagimputed = .25 if dlag ==. & partyofwinner_lag == 0 replace dlagimputed = .75 if dlag ==. & partyofwinner_lag ==1 *just use 75 and 25 if missing replace dlagimputed = .25 if dlag ==. & partyofwinner == 0 replace dlagimputed = .75 if dlag ==. & partyofwinner ==1 *impute uncompetitive races to 10 and 90 gen dvoteimputed_adjusted = dvoteimputed replace dvoteimputed_adjusted = .10 if dvote < .10 & dvote !=. replace dvoteimputed_adjusted = .90 if dvote > .90 & dvote !=. gen dlagimputed_adjusted = dlagimputed replace dlagimputed_adjusted = .10 if dlag < .10 & dlag !=. replace dlagimputed_adjusted = .90 if dlag > .90 & dlag !=. *INCUMBENCY gen incumb = -1 if incumbency ==0 replace incumb = 1 if incumbency == 1 replace incumb = 0 if incumb == . *UNCONTESTED gen uncontested = 1 if dvote==. & partyofwinner == 1 replace uncontested = -1 if dvote==. & partyofwinner == 0 replace uncontested = 0 if uncontested == . **PARTY CONTROL gen partycontrol = 1 if incumbency == 1 | incumbency == 2 replace partycontrol = -1 if incumbency == 0 | incumbency == 3 replace partycontrol = 0 if partycontrol == . drop incumbency *PARTY OF WINNER rename partyofwinner winner *drop all races where indepedents win *drop if winner > 1 *FRESHMAN gen fresh = 1 if incumb == 1 & (freshman > 0 & freshman < 4) replace fresh = -1 if incumb == -1 & (freshman > 0 & freshman < 4) replace fresh = 0 if fresh ==. *drop freshman *TAG REDISTRICTING YEARS gen redist_year = 1 if year == 1952 | year == 1962 | year == 1972 | year == 1982 | year == 1992 | year ==2002 replace redist_year = 0 if redist_year == . *DROP ALL OTHER REDISTRICTING *drop if redist == 1 *Create vars for modified uniform swing calculations gen incumb_effect = . replace incumb_effect = .08 if year >=1980 replace incumb_effect = .08*((year-1942)/(1980-1942)) if year < 1980 sort statecd year gen incumb_lag = incumb[_n-1] if statecd==statecd[_n-1] replace incumb_lag = incumb if incumb_lag == . gen incumb_change = incumb-incumb_lag gen dvote_new = dlagimputed_adjusted replace dvote_new = .25 if uncontested == -1 replace dvote_new = .75 if uncontested == 1 replace dvote_new = (dvote_new + incumb_effect*(incumb_change)) if uncontested == 0 compress sort year statecd save "House_1946_2006_updated.dta", replace