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Acid Rain and Diatoms

Acid rain is a rainfall that has a pH level that is less then 5.6. Acid rain forms when chemicals like sulfur dioxide and nitric oxides are released into the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels.

When these combine with water, sulfuric and nitric acids are formed, which in turn cause acid rain.

The greater the amount of sulfuric and nitric acid in the air, the greater the acid is in the rain.

pH is a symbol that describes or indicates how acidic or basic a solution is, by the relative concentration of hydrogen ion in a solution by using ratios. Most commonly occuring substances range from zero to fourteen. Any number above seven is basic, and any number below seven is acidic.

Diatoms first appeared 200,000 million years ago. They first flourished in Mesozoic times; there are now 16,000 different species. There are certain diatoms that produce domoic acid, which are called pseudonitzschia, that are poisonous due to toxic pollution. The acid rain and the pollution that consumes the diatoms effect the their toxicity levels. As a result, fish who consume these diatoms die because of the level of acidity.

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