Tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction lens
The tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction lens (or TAG lens) is an adaptive optics device filled with a fluid and driven by an acoustic wave. The very fast refractive index change induced results in a lens with tunable focal length at kHz rates, with applications in imaging and beam shaping.
Featured publications
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Enhanced depth of field laser processing
M. Duocastella and C. B. Arnold, Appl. Phys. Lett (2013) axially scans the focus of a laser system to enhance depth of field by an order of magnitude without lateral resolution loss. This approach obviates the need for z-focus control during laser processing. | Full text | View at publisher
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Transient response in TAG lenses
M. Duocastella and C. B. Arnold, J. Phys. D: App. Phys. (2013) characterizes the dynamics of a TAG lens at the initial moments of operation as a function of frequency and develop a model to predict the lens behavior at any given time. | Full text | View at publisher
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Simultaneous imaging of multiple focal planes
M. Duocastella, B. Sun, and C. B. Arnold. J. Biomed. Opt. (2012) uses an ultra-high-speed liquid lens to provide simultaneous real-time imaging of multiple and selectable focal planes in a specimen. The method is demonstrated by imaging microparticles and cells flowing in 3D microfluidic channels. | Full text | View at publisher
Two photon microscopy with simultaneous standard and extended depth of field using an acoustic gradient index lens
N. Olivier et al.,Opt. Lett., (2009) uses a TAG lens to achieve kHz rate DOF switching in a nonlinear microscope. Fast varifocus scanning and pseudo-Bessel beam excitation modulation strategies were used to take 4.5x-extended DOF images of developing embryos. | Full text | View at publisher
High-speed varifocal imaging with a tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction lens
A. Mermillod-Blondin, E. McLeod, & C. B. Arnold, Opt. Lett., (2008) uses a TAG lens as a fast varifocal element with the ability of rapid selection and modification of the effective focal length at time scales under 1 us. The wave-front curvature applied to the incident light is quantified as a function of time, and single-frame imaging is demonstrated. | Full text | View at publisher
Dynamic pulsed-beam shaping using a TAG lens in the near UV
A. Mermillod-Blondin, E. McLeod, & C. B. Arnold, Appl. Phys. A., (2008) describes a method to generate doughnut-shaped beams from an input Gaussian source using a TAG lens. Laser micromachining of surface features with different shapes and sizes is accomplished by synchronizing the TAG lens to a 355 nm pulsed nanosecond laser. | Full text | View at publisher
Optical analysis of time-averaged multiscale Bessel beams generated by a tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction lens
E. Mcleod & C.B. Arnold, Appl. Opt. (2008) analyzes multiscale Bessel beams created using a TAG lens both experimentally and theoretically using both geometric and Fourier optics. Tunability of ring spacing, central spot size, and working distance is also demonstrated. | Full text | View at publisher
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All TAG lens publications
- M. Duocastella and C. B. Arnold, “Enhanced depth of field laser processing using an ultra-high-speed axial scanner,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 102 061113-7 (2013) | Full text | View at publisher
- M. Duocastella and C. B. Arnold, “Transient response in ultra-high speed liquid lenses,” J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 46 075102-09 (2013) | Full text | View at publisher
- M. Duocastella, B. Sun, and C. B. Arnold, "Simultaneous imaging of multiple focal planes for three-dimensional microscopy using ultra-high-speed adaptive optics," J. Biomed. Opt., 17 (2012) | Full text | View at publisher
- N. Olivier, A. Mermillod-Blondin, C. B. Arnold, and E. Beaurepaire, “Two photon microscopy with simultaneous standard and extended depth of field using an acoustic gradient index lens”, Opt. Lett., 34, 1684-1686 (2009) | Full text | View at publisher
- A. Mermillod-Blondin, E. McLeod, and C. B. Arnold, “High-speed varifocal imaging with a tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction lens,” Opt. Lett. 33, 2146-2148 (2008) | Full text | View at publisher
- A. Mermillod-Blondin, E. McLeod, and C. B. Arnold, “Dynamic pulsed-beam shaping using a TAG lens in the near UV,” Appl. Phys. A. 93, 231-234 (2008) | Full text | View at publisher
- E. McLeod and C. B. Arnold, “Optical analysis of time-averaged multiscale Bessel beams generated by a tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction lens”, Appl. Opt. 47, 3609-3618 (2008) | Full text | View at publisher
- T. Lipp*, A. Mermillod-Blondin, E. McLeod, C. B. Arnold, “Rapid beam-shaping and focusing using tunable acoustic gradient index lenses,” in 21st Solid State and Diode Laser Technology Review Technical Digest, 7-11 (2008) (non-refereed meeting paper) | Full text
- C. B. Arnold and E. McLeod, “A new approach to adaptive optics for materials processing: Acousto-optic beam shaping brings a new dimension to adaptive optics,” Photonics Spectra, 41(11), 78-84 (2007) (invited) | Full text
- E. McLeod and C. B. Arnold, “Mechanics and refractive power optimization of tunable acoustic gradient lenses,” J. Appl. Phys. 102, 033104:1-9 (2007) | Full text
- E. McLeod and C. B. Arnold, “Complex beam sculpting with tunable acoustic gradient index lenses,” in Complex Light and Optical Forces, ed. D. L. Andrews, International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE) 6483, 64830I (2007) | Full text
- E. McLeod, A. B. Hopkins*, and C. B. Arnold, “Multiscale Bessel beams generated by a tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction lens,” Opt. Lett, 31, 3155-3157 (2006) | Full text
- T. Tsai*, E. McLeod, and C. B. Arnold, “Generating Bessel beams with a tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction lens,” in Optical Trapping and Optical Micromanipulation III, eds. K. Dholakia and G. Spalding, International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE), 6326, 63261F (2006) | Full text
