Directory
caricatured, xl, 364 (illus.)
decree of 18 Jan. 1798 on British goods, neutral vessels, 47, 49n, 51, 118-9, 165-6, 168, 191, 221, 245
and Gerry, 185, 393, 394, 396, 397, 621
TJ accused of criminal correspondence with, 247
and conduct of foreign policy, 348, 380n
influence in U.S., 417-19
arrêté of 31 July, 462n, 489, 659-60
at Luxembourg Palace, 500
and G. Logan's mission, 577n, 630-1, 658
See also XYZ affair

Economy
abolition of assignats, 23
book publishing, 153-4, 277, 319, 481
trade with U.S., 502-3n

Foreign Relations
terms of Treaty of Campoformio, 11-12
with Portugal, 11-12, 263, 267
with Venice, 12n, 443, 449, 584n
colonial empire in America, 18, 184
and Batavian Republic, 68n, 584n, 610-11
and Roman Republic, 68n
with Austria, 124, 449-50, 591, 664
with Germany, 124, 666, 668
with Spain, 184
with Switzerland, Helvetic Republic, 186, 187n, 584n
and Kosciuszko, 196n
as check on European despotism, 420
depredations in Germany, 525n
and Ottoman Empire, 664
and Russia, 664

National Institute of Arts and Sciences
sends Du Pont de Nemours to U.S., 501-3
and Palisot de Beauvois, 516

Politics and Government
Fructidor, 65-6, 67, 185, 300, 302n
Council of Five Hundred, 166n, 282n
will not return to monarchy, 174n
Louis XVIII claimant to throne, 185
stability, strength of, 186
lack of freedom of press, 300, 302n, 590n
sedition act, 300, 302n
and Monroe's departure, 402
Council of Elders, 502

U.S. Relations with
provocations by U.S., vii, 66, 67, 631, 640, 647-8, 664, 665
and Saint-Domingue, xl, 440-1, 640, 663-4
prospects of invasion of U.S., xliii, 364 (illus.), 416
interference with U.S. shipping, commerce, 25, 354, 364n, 485
prospects for war, possibilities of peace, 35-6, 53, 64-5, 95, 115, 120, 126, 165-6, 170, 182, 217, 227-9, 231-2, 241-2, 245, 247, 248, 252, 254, 270, 281, 289-90, 300, 305, 318, 335, 339, 340, 364, 365, 377, 379-80, 384, 392-3, 404-5, 414-15, 441-3, 448, 474, 484-6, 610, 668
Delamotte's letter on, 44-52, 247
hindrances to reconciliation, 83, 348
French privateering, 88-9, 315-16, 380n, 381, 410, 447, 462n, 463, 464-5, 489, 490, 499, 613-14, 659-60
burning of U.S. vessel, 90
evaluated by H. Gates, 110
attempts to exclude U.S. shipping, 124, 126
detains U.S. vessels, 146
and decree of 18 Jan. 1798, 165-6, 181, 183, 189
Barlow and, 174-5, 183, 219, 499, 501
effects of Pinckney reappointment, 174n, 185
F. Skipwith assesses, 183-7
French ambitions in America, 184
and war with Britain, 184, 217, 340, 401
Pinckney, Marshall undermine Directory, 185
and U.S. military preparations, 193-4, 581-4, 621, 631
lobbying by Kosciuszko, G. Logan, Volney, 196n, 386n, 453, 499-500, 611n
and American politics, 250-1, 420, 511, 598n, 644
and Adams's addresses to Congress, 263, 267, 269, 274-5, 335
and spoliation claims, 267
treaties, 267-8, 336n, 338, 437, 445n
and American opinions of French government, 283
French citizens leave U.S., 319, 323, 326, 379-80, 396
mismanagement of, 319, 416, 420-1, 489
U.S. passes anti-French legislation, 363-4, 365, 368, 379, 381, 393-4, 396, 397, 404-5
U.S. suspension of trade, 379-80, 393-4, 405, 408, 410, 636-7n, 640, 663, 665, 667
Adams ends negotiations, 418, 421-2
TJ criticized as pro-French, 439n
potential U.S. declaration of war, 444, 445n
U.S. captures privateer, 447
France desires peace, 462-5, 485-6, 489, 496, 497, 498-501, 516, 558, 586, 614, 621, 622, 631, 635, 640-1, 648-9, 658-9, 661-2, 663-4, 665
role of Adet, 462-5, 499
undermined by British, 462, 464, 497, 500
and proposed U.S. seizure of French property, 477, 483n
embargo on American ships, 490, 497n
importance of U.S. actions, 490
and V. du Pont, 499
and balance of trade, 502-3n
Americans rumored to be leaving France, 517
Munford as French agent, 596-7n
terms for negotiations, 604-5, 606-7, 611n
Batavian Republic offers to mediate, 610-11
seizes U.S. vessel, 610
refusal to receive C. C. Pinckney, 621
and Haitian independence, 635, 637n
Pickering calls peace professions empty, 636n.
See also Adams, John: President; Gerry, Elbridge; Jay Treaty; Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de (Bishop of Autun); XYZ affair

War with Britain
prospects of peace, 8, 56-7, 341, 344
preparations for conquest of Britain, 25, 62-3, 66, 67, 101, 124, 146n, 156, 168, 190, 206, 213, 357, 365, 383, 388, 394, 397, 449
treatment of neutral nations, commerce, 47, 49n, 51, 118-9, 125, 165-6, 168, 170, 221, 245, 281, 282n, 397, 490
impact on transatlantic travel, 147
conflict approaching a climax, 165, 217, 340, 343, 383
France expected to prevail, 184
attempts to disrupt British trade, 248, 457-8
as offensive or defensive, 338
and W. Indies trade, 380n
invasion of Britain abandoned, 400n
fleet assembles at Brest, 443, 445n, 449
rumors of military movements, 443, 445n
formation of new coalition, 449-50
assistance to Ireland, 460, 597n, 631-2
destruction of French fleet at Aboukir Bay, 603
rumors of French submission, 641n
and India, 664, 666, 668
See also Egypt

Agriculture
TJ sends May wheat to British Board, 104, 132, 180-1, 591
publications of British Board sent to TJ, 197, 209n
and TJ's recognition by Board of Agriculture, 197-8
TJ refers to reports on, 200
TJ's description of moldboard plow for British Board, 201-5, 207-8n, 224
seeds sent to TJ, 209-11
Martin's drill sent to British Board, 252
Strickland on, 456-7
See also Sinclair, Sir John

Army
on frontier, before Revolution, 141
and invasion of Va. in 1780, 518

Economy
navigation acts, 72, 92, 93
looming crisis, 148, 161, 340, 343
and French decree of 18 Jan. 1798, 165, 490
advantages of British vessels in trade with U.S., 181
intention of France to destroy British commerce, 248, 457-8
and war expenses, 397
high national debt and land tax, 581-2, 584n

Foreign Relations
occupies Portuguese forts, 11-12
on colonial frontier, 18
trade with India allowed, 94n
Liston sent to Ottoman Empire, Batavian Republic, 223n
British evacuate Port-au-Prince, 438
rumors of peace talks with Spain, 449
and Republic of Venice, 509n

Ireland
uprising in, 383, 449, 457, 507, 508, 511, 623, 627, 631, 635, 664, 666
Irish radical leadership, 460

Laws
on criminal prosecutions and impeachment, 58-62

Navy
immensity, resurgence of, 46, 50, 65, 458
expenses of, 397, 665
cuts off trade between Spain and her colonies, 666, 668, 669

Parliament
and execution of Jay Treaty, 112, 334
petition for reform of, 368-9, 394
privileges of members, 620n

Politics and Government
prospects for changes in, 25, 66, 68, 174n
use of impeachment powers, 112
political divisions in, 212
Adams's opinion of, 368
courts of chancery, 413-14
balance of power in, 431
as dying despotism, 511, 589
allusion to English Civil War, 560
trial by jury, 615n
and Wilkes's prosecution, 620

Public Opinion
Kosciuszko acclaimed, xl-xli, 196n

Society
TJ studies law, history of, 568-70, 594-5, 597n
See also Whig Club of England

U.S. Relations with
interference with U.S. shipping, 25, 168, 170, 271, 288, 315-16, 393-5, 405, 408, 410, 485, 610, 613-14
and prospects of political change in Britain, 25
Delamotte's letter comments upon, 44-52
British gather intelligence in U.S., 71
earlier responses by Congress, 84
and American politics, 110, 303, 325n, 420, 442, 528
and British policies toward neutral shipping, 125
American commercial, political dependency, 158, 420
courts condemn vessels, cargoes, 169-70n, 395n
and U.S. naturalization of British subjects, 170
rumors of alliance, 227-8, 270, 448, 640, 641n
and XYZ affair, 251, 334n
and U.S. relations with France, 290, 447, 462, 464, 497, 500, 647
TJ said to be subverting, 304n
boundary issue, 346n
and Britain's war with France, 401
aided by U.S. anti-French legislation, 408, 410
undue influence of British in U.S., 414, 619-20
and bill to prevent landing of French passengers, 438-9
and refugees from Saint-Domingue, 440-1
and impressment of sailors, 610-11, 613
U.S. expenditures for treaties, 634, 667
and American popular perceptions, 641n
See also Jay Treaty

War with France
prospects for peace, 8, 56-7, 341, 344, 641n
prospects of French invasion, 25, 62-3, 101, 124, 146n, 156, 161, 190, 206, 213, 357, 365, 383, 388, 394, 397, 399-400, 408, 443, 445n, 449, 457-8
treatment of neutral nations, commerce, 118-19, 165-6, 397
impact on commerce, travel, 147, 181
conflict approaching a climax, 165, 217, 340, 343, 383
France expected to prevail, 184
impact of French operations, 242
restrictions on U.S. shipping, 271
and W. Indies trade, 380n
and efforts to form new coalition in Europe, 449-50
high cost of, 581-2, 584n
destroys French fleet at Aboukir Bay, 603
and India, 664, 666, 668

Agriculture
advises Legaux, grows his grapes, 42
sells wheat and flour, 56, 104-5, 357, 633
sends farm implements, May wheat to Britain, 104, 132, 180-1, 199-200, 265-6, 310, 337, 350, 387, 591
and British Board of Agriculture, 197-8, 200, 376
gives advice on machinery, farm practices, 199-201, 208n, 210-11
exchanges publications, seeds with Strickland, 208n, 209-13, 455-7
despairs of ability to reform farms when absent, 212
improvements to drills, threshing machines, 217-18, 252-4, 347-8
possible impact of war on, 381
seeks tenants, 560, 586
sows grain, 560
See also corn; clover; clover seed; Monticello; plow, moldboard; tobacco

Architecture
and renovations at Eppington, 235
and U.S. Capitol, 255n
and pisé construction, 578n
See also Monticello

Business and Financial Affairs
with Madison and Monroe, 9, 88, 276n
owns land in Richmond, 104, 132
transactions with Fleming & McClenahan, 104-5, 461n, 467n
plans to build mill, 235
pressed for funds, 278, 505, 526-7, 562
pays J. Dobson, 316, 317n
remittance to Maury, 316
loan to Niemcewicz, 371, 383, 398-9, 507, 508, 591
debt to Henderson, McCaul & Co., 412, 579
Kinsolving's debt to, 422-3
account with John Francis, 436
uses Short's funds, 506n, 525-6
pays for clearing of Rivanna River, 604n
on freight charges, 618, 629-30, 669
See also Barnes, John; Beckley, John; Jefferson, George; Jefferson, George, & Co.; Richardson, Richard; Short, William; Van Staphorst & Hubbard; Wayles estate

Character
mocked as philosopher, 4, 6, 77, 107, 109n, 110n, 135, 143n, 286-7n
praised as philosopher, 226
behavior called inappropriate, 256-62

Correspondence
"Mazzei letter", 3, 110n, 256
and interception of mail, 71, 186-7n, 244, 247, 272, 274, 434-5, 436, 528, 588, 616, 623-4, 636, 641, 650
prints letter from Delamotte in Aurora, 245-6
use of ciphers, 376-7, 416
press copies, 387, 389-90n
urges correspondents to keep letters out of newspapers, 389, 393, 398, 485
and copying press, 466n
delays in delivery of post, 505-6, 525, 585, 591
letters from Short long, difficult, 517
urges Gerry to burn letter, 650

Educational Theories
on role of education in agricultural economy, 558-9

Governor of Virginia
and British invasions, 518

Health
improved, 43, 65, 248
complains of sore eyes, 451, 466, 516-17, 605, 607
headache, 605

Law
takes notes on oaths, impeachment, vii, 58-61, 91, 614-15
recovery of foreign debts, 122-3
on courts of chancery in Va., 179, 413-14
and rules of parliamentary procedure, 180
on law of nature, 206
and patents, 387
and Wayles estate suits, 426-30
and study of Anglo-Saxon language, 569, 570n
recommends readings, 594, 596n
suit against B. Henderson's heirs, 621-2, 669

Library
collects works in Old English, viii, 570n
prepares course of reading for Munford, viii, 594-7
newspapers for, 11, 94
books obtained for, 69, 82-3, 284, 313, 341, 466n, 644n
TJ's catalogue of, 84, 313
Short sends new printing of Virgil to, 153-4, 277, 577, 578n
lends Faden's map of South America, 212, 457
lends books to Pickering, 284, 313, 341, 345-6, 385
Pougens supplies books for, 319, 481
quotes Horace, 319, 320n
description of, 341
purchases magazines in Philadelphia, 436
courses of reading for students, 594-6, 597n
books borrowed from, 604

Nailery
nailrod and iron stock for, viii, 104, 105n, 132, 145, 154-5, 167, 180, 182-3, 220, 375, 461, 466, 525-6, 585, 609, 617, 618, 626, 633, 638, 668-9
Madison orders nails from, 9, 40, 95-6, 127, 162, 576, 580, 603, 605-6
cutting machine at, 95-6, 127, 162, 524
management of work force at, 290
sale of nails, 398, 466, 593
accounts with S. Clarke, McDowell, 446, 526-7, 529, 563
illness reduces output, 563
loss of nailrod at sea, 617, 622, 633, 660

Opinions
on Adams, Adams's views, vii-ix, 113, 126, 271, 322-3, 326, 604, 605-6, 610
on XYZ affair, xxxix-xl, 165, 250-1, 267-8, 269-70, 322-3, 326, 335, 344, 363, 365, 635, 648, 652n
on Alien and Sedition Acts, xliii, 324, 363, 365, 393
on marriage, debt, 15-16
on political parties, politics, 23, 212-13, 388-9
distrusts foreign news, 53, 56, 623, 627
on arming of merchant vessels, 88, 168-9, 183, 191, 408
on power of Senate to frame oaths, 91
on political divisions, geography, 92-4
on union, 94, 389-90n
on relations with France, 100-1, 217, 263, 266-7, 269, 283, 319, 397-8
on Lyon-Griswold affair, 111
on impact of paper currency, 113
on taxes, public debt, and public opinion, 156-7, 305, 623, 627, 668
relationship of war, peace, commercial regulation, 161
on relearning science, geography, politics, 161
on need for representatives to consult their constituents, 190, 191, 194, 227, 240
on prospect of war with France, 190, 217, 227, 231-2, 270, 283, 318, 319, 326, 340, 377, 379-80, 392-3, 396-8, 416, 647
on war, 206, 217, 281, 635
on relations with Britain and France, 213, 485
on threat of constitutional abuse, 213, 559-60, 623, 646
on aging, death, 214
on removal to Federal District, 244-5
on "Hail Columbia", 325
of Volney, 326, 379-80
on Indian-white relations, 342
on women in politics, 355, 607
says Congress seems to make its session permanent, 367
on Kosciuszko, 377, 591
on power of despots, 388
on rivalry among states, 388
on financing government expenditures, 408, 627, 631, 646
decries Federalists' "new code of morality", 562
on selection of jurors, 572-4
praises state governments, 589
on republicanism in Poland, 591
on importance of family, affection, 607
on army, militia, 634-5, 646
on Republican cause, 641
defends philosophy, progress of knowledge, 646
favors limited naval force, 646
on freedom of religion, 646, 651n
on freedom of speech, press, 646
on relations with other nations, 646

Personal Affairs
studies Anglo-Saxon language, viii, 568-71
owns West drawing, xli-xlii
in Paris, 23-4, 453
encourages family to write, 26
urges Trists to settle near Monticello, 26
buys books for T. M. Randolph, 69, 283, 313
declines social invitations, 112n, 132
introduces H. B. Trist, 114
seeks employment for C. L. Lewis, 179, 220
and Kosciuszko, 194-7, 223, 272, 288-9, 291-2, 313-15, 320-1, 331-3, 351, 376-7, 453-4
collects debts for J. Carey, 237n
reticence in using French, 319-20
regard for La Rochefoucauld family, 320
interest in history, historical records, 342, 345, 568-70, 594-5
accounts for shipment of goods to Monticello, 375
provides certificates of citizenship, 386-7, 437-8
plans to attend court, 398, 422
Philadelphia expenditures, 436, 439, 585
extends invitations, 498n
relations with neighbors, 561-2
knows Latude, 578n
mentor to Munford, 594-7

Political Theories
on use of juries at impeachment trials, 58-61
on rise of political parties, 212-13
on power of people as safeguard of government, 572-4
on nullification of unconstitutional laws, 590

Politics
association with G. Logan, vii, 417-19, 577, 630-1, 644, 645-6, 649, 651n, 662
refers to Federalists as tories, viii, 63-4, 98-100, 216, 325, 662
on "wall of separation", viii, 23
dissatisfaction with, ix
refuses to respond to charges in newspapers, 7, 8, 392-3, 485-6, 510
analyzes congressional actions, 92-4
attempts to keep authorship of documents secret, 110n, 556, 557, 574n
and Washington's birthday celebration, 112, 132
and support for Adams, 120
comments on current political state, 131, 242, 271, 340, 341, 353
gathers gossip, intelligence, 172-3, 176, 325, 608-9, 621, 659-60
and Barlow's letter to Baldwin, 174
reports on divisions in Federalist Party, 182
aids Callender, 188-9, 558-9, 561, 586
strategy to contain damage of president's 19 Mch. message, 190, 227, 240
Kosciuszko intermediary to France, 196n
accused of criminal correspondence, 247
distributes XYZ dispatches, 263, 266, 269, 283, 289, 302, 335, 338, 394, 396-8
criticisms of, 273, 340, 382, 438-9, 484-6
and dinner for Philadelphia bar, 293
and appointments in N.Y., 300
urges support for Republican press, 300
subscribes to James Carey's newspaper, 301n
TJ condemned by Harper, 302-4
says politics and party destroy happiness, 355
urged to respond to public criticisms, 360-1
meeting with Burr, 362
and response to Adams's criticism of Monroe, 363
converses with V. du Pont on U.S.-French relations, 380n
on temporary delusion of public, 416
claims his activities are watched, 418-19n, 484
encouraged to engage his opponents, 421
presumed authorship of letters in Aurora, 439n
urged to resist criticism, 463-4, 465
notes Federalists' constitutional arguments, 471-3
relationship to Adams, 479
and XYZ envoys' instructions, 525n
visits, confers with Madison, 531
reluctance to comment on, 577
submits Madison's essay to Aurora, 619-20, 665
estimates government receipts and expenditures, 623
distrusts post office, 636
establishment of Republican newspaper, 637n
believes Federalist measure will ruin country, 641
suggests successor for Tazewell, 641
outlines his "political faith", 645-50
relationship with Gerry, 645-50
TJ a constant target of calumny, 645
on abatement of XYZ fever, 665-6, 668

Portraits
by R. Field, xxxix, 364 (illus.)
by Kosciuszko, xlii, 364 (illus.)
caricature of, xliii, 364 (illus.)
by R. Peale, Sully, 331n
by Mather Brown, 346-7

Public Service
rumors of envoyship to France, 490

Religion
notes on Sabbath, 125
refers to widow and her mite, 205

Scientific Interests
collects weather data, viii, 27, 56, 80
comparative studies of languages, viii, 81-2, 86-7, 114-15, 238, 243, 426n, 564
and Buffon, 8, 34
names of Indian tribes, 81, 86
and measurement of latitude, 159-60, 177-8, 215, 219-20, 236
astronomy, 160, 609n
on scientific, political change, 161
and megalonyx, mammoth, 178, 232, 236-7
on revolution in chemistry, 197, 211
corresponds with I. Ledyard, 226-7
and Louis of Parma, 232-4
and Heckewelder's ethnographic work, 265n
studies insect pests, 340-1
and manufacture of salt, 391-2, 407
western horses, 425-6
readings in science, mathematics, 594, 596n
and patents, 617-18
encourages scientific progress, 646
R. Livingston's steam apparatus, 653-7
See also American Philosophical Society
plow, moldboard

Secretary of State
G. Taylor as translator, 129
and neutrality policy, 336n
Short praises policies, 478-9
on law of nations, 616n

Slaveholder
attitudes toward slaves, slavery, viii-ix, 592-3
controls what slaves grow privately, viii, 385-6, 410
relations with Jupiter, ix, 327, 395-6, 562-3
health and conduct of slaves at Monticello and Shadwell, 28
hires slave labor, 29n, 30n, 56, 103, 179, 220, 328n, 613
instructions for slaves, 55-6, 114, 170, 192-3, 269, 271, 327
on management of slaves when away from Monticello, 127, 290, 312
and ability to carry out reforms at farms, 212
and Kosciuszko's will, 332-3
and discipline of workforce, 385-6
medical treatment for slaves, 406
father-in-law's slave trade venture, 426-30
mortgages slaves, 429n
pays Phill for expenses, 452n
sends slave on business to Richmond, 592, 593
inquires after George's health, 669

Travels
between Monticello and Philadelphia, vii-viii, 9, 43, 390, 395-6, 410, 437n, 450-1, 454n, 531, 599, 603-4, 605, 607, 630, 656n
visits Montpelier, vii-viii, 531, 603
plans, postpones trip to Eastern shore, Eppington, and Petersburg, Va., 9, 11, 235, 268-9
through Culpeper, Prince William counties, 9
through Georgetown, 9, 410
from Strasbourg to Meaux in 1788, 207n
through Baltimore, 352n
in 1791, 517
difficulty of long journeys, 517

Vice President
Blount impeachment, vii, 10-11, 35, 53-4, 58-61, 84-5, 87, 90, 111-12, 247, 614-16, 618-19
presides over Senate, vii, 256-7, 605, 607
and Alien Friends Act, xlii-xliii, 345n, 393
makes notations on Senate documents, xlii-xliii, 121, 127n, 245-6n, 409n, 419n, 636n, 666n, 671-80
works to remedy postal service in Va., 9, 27, 56
says Congress has little to do, 35-6, 161, 585, 610
furnishes Delamotte's letter for Aurora, 44-52
congratulated on election to office, 45, 49n, 118, 174, 457
resides at Francis's hotel, 63, 98, 436, 439, 484, 585
on adjournment, 128
on point of order on John Q. Adams's appointment, 182n
casts tie-breaking vote, 229n
"Americanus" criticizes conduct as, 256
and appointments for Miss. Terr., 280-1
and Naturalization Act, 301n, 408
receives Hobart's resignation, 302n
receives petitions and addresses, 324n, 666n
departure from Philadelphia before end of session, 365-6, 406, 408-9, 410, 412, 416-17, 422, 435, 438-9, 486n
comments on laws governing treaties, 379
and Marshall's return from France, 417, 421
and Sedition Act, 447
accused of meeting secretly with Republicans, 484-6
salary payments, 525
plans to arrive in Philadelphia before Christmas, 580, 593
and attendance of senators, 597-8
and Tazewell's death, 642

Writings
resolutions against Alien and Sedition Acts, ix
docketing on alien friends bill, xlii-xliii, 364 (illus.), 675
Notes on the Formation of the Federal Government, 13-14
Notes on a Conversation with Uriah Springer, 39-40
Petition to Virginia House of Delegates, 40-1, 255-62, 574n
Notes on Criminal Prosecutions and Impeachment, 59-61
"Parliamentary Pocket-Book", 61-2, 180
Notes on a Conversation with Abraham Baldwin, 83-4
Notes on Anti-French Sentiment in the Washington Administration, 83
Notes on the Framing of Oaths, 91
Notes on a Conversation with John Adams, 113
Notes on Newspaper Articles, 124-5
Notes on Infractions of Neutral Rights by France and Great Britain, 125n
Certificate for George Taylor, 129
Notes on a Conversation with Henry Tazewell, 155
notes on Zach's letter to Patterson, 161n, 162n
Notes on Conversations with Abraham Baldwin, John Brown, and John Hunter, 172-3
Notes on Senators' Comments about House Impeachment Committee, 176
report on megalonyx, 178, 232, 236-7
description of moldboard plow, 201-5, 207-8n, 224, 230-1, 234-5, 376
Notes on a Conversation with Benjamin Rush, 248
Notes on British Instructions and on Clement Humphreys, 271-2
Memorandum to Tadeusz Kosciuszko, 292
Notes on Conversation with Tench Coxe, 293
Notes on Presidential Appointments, 325
Notes on Insects, 340-1
Manual of Parliamentary Practice, 345n
Certificate for George Logan, 386-7
Certificate for John and Gabriella Brockenbrough, 437-8
Memorandum of Expenses in Philadelphia, 439
Notes on Federalist Arguments in Congressional Debates, 471-3
Certificate for Alexander Spotswood, 518
Kentucky Resolutions of 1798, 529-57, 568, 580
maintains anonymity of authorship, 530
Va. religious freedom law, 532
Declaration of Independence, 535
Petition to the General Assembly of Va., 567-8, 571-5, 576, 589-90, 602
Essay towards Facilitating Instruction in the Anglo-Saxon and Modern Dialects of the English Language, 570n
Course of Reading for William G. Munford, 594-7
Notes on Comments by John Adams, 608-9
Notes on William Blount's Impeachment Trial, 614-16
Notes on Comments by Timothy Pickering and John Adams, 621
Notes on a Letter from Thomas Tingey to the Secretary of the Navy, 659-60
See also Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family; Logan (Mingo Indian); Martin, Luther; Notes on the State of Virginia

letters to, 9-12, 53-5, 87-9, 111-12, 125-7, 156-7, 181-2, 189-91, 227-9, 244-6, 250-1, 279-80, 280-1, 299-302, 322-5, 343-5, 353-4, 363-5, 378-80, 393-5, 408-9, 416-19, 567-8, 576, 579-80, 610-12, 622-5, 665-7
letters from, 40-1, 94-6, 116-18, 162-4, 175-6, 238-40, 274-6, 289-90, 311-12, 333-5, 348-9, 358-60, 368-9, 383-4, 404-6, 571, 603, 605-7, 619-20, 642-3
letters from cited, 571n, 580n

Congress
resolutions on TJ's Report on Commerce, 84, 92-4

Opinions
compares Washington and Adams, 117, 384, 405
on conduct of Senate, 163
on Jay, Jay Treaty, 163-4, 334
on juries and impeachment trials, 163
on abuse of power by executive, 239, 348
on Adams's views and policies, 239, 275-6, 348, 359, 368, 405
interprets Constitution, 239
on power to declare war, 239
on Talleyrand, 274
on XYZ affair, 275, 289, 311, 359
on role of citizenry, 333-4
on Alien Friends Act, 359
on partiality of news from Europe, 368
on powers of states, 606
on congressional privilege, 619-20

Personal Affairs
financial transactions, 9, 88, 276n, 299, 334, 345, 603, 605, 619, 635, 637n
travels to Richmond, 40
visits Albemarle Co., 95-6
and Mazzei's publication, 175-6
and F. Muhlenberg, 274, 276n
orders glass, 311-12, 343, 394
orders hardware, 312, 343-5, 358-9, 380, 384, 394, 409, 418
builds threshing machine, 349
See also Montpelier

Politics
depicted in political cartoon, xliii, 364 (illus.)
and call for Constitutional Convention, 14
on negotiations in France, 40-1, 94-5, 274-5, 359-60, 384
on Lyon-Griswold affair, 117, 164
and comments by Hamilton, 172
on celebration of Washington's birthday, 175
supports Republican call for adjournment of Congress, 240
and Spriggs's resolution on war, 275
rumors of election to House of Delegates, 280
on Republican newspapers, 334
holds Federalists responsible for desiring war, 368, 384
on prospects for war with France, 404-5
and attacks on Monroe, 405
urged to run for office, 442
and irregular postal service in Va., 642
on apathy of people, 643

Relations with Jefferson
TJ visits, viii, 531, 603
urged to publish debates from Federal Convention, ix, 623
TJ sends congressional and political news to, xliii, 10, 87-8, 111-12, 156-7, 182, 189-90, 227-8, 244-5, 280-1, 299-300, 322-4, 344-5, 353, 363-4, 378-80, 393-4, 610-11, 622-3, 665
places orders from TJ's nailery, 9, 40, 95-6, 127, 162, 576, 580, 603, 605-6
and postal service, 9, 88, 192, 642
TJ handles orders, business affairs in Philadelphia for, 9, 88, 274, 276n, 299, 311-12, 334, 343-5, 353, 358-9, 380, 384, 394, 409, 418, 603, 605, 619, 635, 637n
TJ sends newspapers, other publications to, 11, 40, 94, 112, 116, 175, 238-9, 251, 268, 279-80, 289, 349, 353-4, 359, 368, 380, 394, 642
TJ urges to take up his pen, 11, 245, 268, 276
and Delamotte's letter, 45
TJ fears interference with correspondence, 244, 274
TJ reports on XYZ dispatches, 250-1
TJ delivers letters for, 274, 276n, 299
urged by TJ to become politically active, 280
TJ plans to visit, 349, 394, 409
travel to N.Y. together, 517
and Ky. Resolutions of 1798, 531, 533-5, 557, 568, 580
and TJ's petition on jurors, 567, 571, 574n, 576
visits Monticello, 567-8
and Va. Resolutions, 590, 606
sends essay to TJ for publication, 619-20, 665
seeks political news from TJ, 643

Writings
notes on debates at the Federal Convention, ix, 14n, 623
Va. Resolutions, 532, 534, 590, 606-7
essay on "Foreign Influence", 619-20, 665

Madison, Bishop James: letters to, 159-62, 236-7
letters from, 177-8, 273
and scientific research, viii, 159-62, 177-8, 215, 219-20, 236-7, 273
rivalry with Ewing, 162n
and Munford, 596-7n

Madison, James, Sr., 576, 580

Madison, William, 334, 353

Madison family: TJ sends regards to, 354, 380, 394, 409, 418, 576, 580

Magaw, Samuel: letter from, 36-7
secretary of APS, 36-7

magnetism: use of dipping needle, 159-60, 177-8, 215, 219-20, 236, 273
Bishop Madison studies, 178, 236, 273

Mahican (Mohican) Indians: confused with Mohegans, 86
language, 86, 87n
Stockbridge branch, 249
See also Observations on the Language of the Muhhekaneew Indians (Jonathan Edwards, Jr.)

Maine, 20

Mallet, Paul Henri: Northern Antiquities, 595

Malmesbury, Lord. See Harris, James, first Earl of Malmesbury

Malone, Dumas, 535

Malone, Michael, 6

Malta, 458

mammoth: APS seeks, receives fossils of, 37n, 158, 159n
bones of found in Tenn., 158, 159n
confused with megalonyx, 178, 232, 236
thigh bone from western Va., 178
tooth sent to Louis of Parma, 232
in Notes on Virginia, 236

Manchester, Va., 357

Mantua, Italy, 11

manufacturing: promotion of American, 158-9
Du Ponts enter, 503n

manure, 197, 210-11

Manures Most Advantageously Applicable to the Various Sorts of Soils (Richard Kirwan): praised by TJ, 211, 458n, 594
sent to TJ by Strickland, 456

maps: of South America, 212, 457

Marat, Jean Paul, 485

Marc Antony, 123

"Marcellus": ascribed to Hamilton, 245-6, 276, 323

Marks, Hastings (TJ's brother-in-law), 604, 608

marriage: TJ's views on achieving harmony in, 15-16, 69-70
supported by Kosciuszko's preliminary will, 332

Marshall, Humphrey: proposes amendments to Constitution, 53-4, 55n
and procedures for impeachment trials, 58, 62, 121n
The Aliens: A Patriotic Poem, 380, 405-6, 511, 512n
mocked, 511, 512n
on committee for Tazewell's funeral, 638n
and Gerry's confirmation, 653
makes motions in Senate, 673-5

Marshall, James, 247n

Marshall, John: letter to, 423-4
letter from, 424
returns from France a hero, viii, 417, 421
creates XYZ affair, says TJ, xxxix, 661
in cartoon, xl, 364 (illus.)
keeps journal of XYZ affair, xl, 99n
law practice, 89, 429n, 469n
and James River Canal, 148-9
sees Short in Paris, 148-9, 277, 475, 477
conduct as envoy criticized, 174n, 339, 490-1, 643n
support for Jay Treaty, 174n, 185
rumored intrigues of, 185
considered hostile by France, 219, 397
leaves Paris, 219, 390, 393, 394, 396, 397, 636n
writes memorial to Talleyrand, 336n
relations with Gerry, Pinckney, 393, 441, 647
relations with TJ, 421, 423-4
letter from cited, 424n
elected to Congress, 524, 525n, 643
not disposed toward peace with France, 647, 649
See also XYZ affair

Martens, Georg Friedrich von: Précis du droit des gens moderne, 615-16
Summary of the Law of Nations, Founded on the Treaties and Customs of the Modern Nations of Europe, 615-16

Martin, Mr., 120

Martin, Alexander: and relations with France, 364n
political ambitions, 444
wavers on sedition bill, 444, 445n
and Gerry's confirmation, 653

Martin, Benjamin: Philosophia Britannica, 594

Martin, Ephraim, 5

Martin, James: letter to, 131
Independence Day oration by, 131
TJ confuses with B. Vaughan, 131

Martin, John, 137, 138

Martin, Luther: letters from, 3-7, 16-21, 30-4, 73-8, 105-10, 133-43
portrait, xxxix, 364 (illus.)
challenges TJ's account of Logan's speech, 3-7, 8, 34, 37-8, 73-8, 101, 108-10, 133-43, 216, 264-5, 285, 291, 327, 329, 339-40, 392, 509-10, 571n
defends Cresaps, 3-6, 16-21, 30-4, 73-8, 105-10, 133-43
mocks TJ as philosopher, 4, 6, 77, 107, 109n, 110n, 135, 143n
relationship to Cresaps, 20, 107, 264
Corbin defends, 285-7
political motives condemned, 340, 342, 420, 510
and Fennell, 392n

Martin, Maria Cresap (Mrs. Luther Martin), 20, 107

Martin, Thomas C.: threshing machine and drill by, 198-9, 217-18, 252-4, 310, 347-8, 349, 387
seeks patent, 217-18, 252-4, 347-8, 387-8

Martin & Douglas, 358n

Martin's swamp (Chesterfield Co., Va.): J. W. Eppes seeks to sell, 629
described, 639

Mary I (Mary Tudor), Queen of England, 602

Maryland: dispute with Pa., 5-6, 30-1
frontier settlements, 5-6, 17-18, 31-2, 74, 108-10
elections in, 10, 242
relations with Indians, 18, 20, 31-2
canal construction, 70n
mapping of counties, 70n
rifle companies in American Revolution, 107
Kosciuszko's will and laws of, 333n
and XYZ affair, 353, 365
land investments, 493
price of tobacco from, 623, 626
See also Ogle, Samuel

Mason, Mr., 571

Mason, George: relationship to S. T. Mason, 13n
and Ohio Company, 19
regard for T. Cresap, 34

Mason, John (British author): Essays on Poetical and Prosaic Numbers, 594

Mason, Stevens Thomson: letter to, 559-60
letters from, 12-13, 438-9, 443-5, 586-7
and TJ's account of Logan's speech, 12-13
assists Callender, 13n, 521-3, 559, 580-4, 586
identified, 13n
and Jay Treaty, 13n
and M. Lyon, 13n, 584n, 586n
sends copy of Logan's speech, 38-9
and procedures for impeachment trials, 59n
TJ's regards to, 65
in Senate, 438-9, 445n, 676, 679
sends news, 438-9, 443-5, 586-7
letter from cited, 439n
handles TJ's financial transaction with Callender, 559, 561
and TJ's search for tenants, 560, 586
and Gerry, 636n, 653
on committee for Tazewell's funeral, 638n

Mason, Thomson, 13n

Massachusetts: and Madison's resolutions on Report on Commerce, 93
protests against stamp tax in, 157n
Republican newspapers in, 227, 228n, 241
congressional elections in, 241-2, 643
opposes war, 241-2
petitions against arming merchant vessels, 279
and disagreements among states, 388-9
election districts in, 442
selection of jurors in, 575n
growth of republicanism in, 610, 612
and Tory refugees, 619-20
congressional assent to an act of, 672

Massachusetts Historical Society, 390n

Massachusetts State Bank, 480, 495

Mathers, James, 85n

Mattaponi Indians, 564

Matthews, George, 280-1

Matthiessen & Sillem (Selem) (Hamburg), 65, 67

Maury, Fontaine, 351

Maury, James, 316, 317n

Mayer, Brantz, 515n

Mayo, John, 524

Mayo's bridge, 104

Mazzei, Philip: TJ's letter of 24 Apr. 1796, 3, 11n, 100n, 256, 303
Recherches historiques et politiques sur les États-Unis d'Amérique, 157, 175-6

Mease, James: Domestic Encyclopædia, 207-8n

medals: theft of TJ's medals, 79

medicine: description of T. M. Randolph's illness, 79
TJ's views on, 381
for syphilis, 406
purchased by TJ in Philadelphia, 406
treatment for cold, 587

megalonyx: confused with mammoth, 178, 232, 236
TJ's report to APS, 178, 232, 236-7
relationship to sloths, 294-7
tooth analyzed, 294-7
hunters' accounts associated with, 519-20

Memoirs of Edmund Ludlow, Esq. (Edmund Ludlow), 595

Memoirs of the Kings of Great Britain of the House of Brunswic-Lunenburg (William Belsham), 595

Mercer, Hugh, 101, 103

Mercer, John Francis: court case, 350
opposes Adams's policy toward France, 351n
and Monroe, 454

merchants, U.S.: and economic decline in Philadelphia, 10
and arming of vessels, 88, 181, 183
and trade with Britain, 94, 112, 126, 128, 163-4
economic plight of, 123
and recognition of U.S. citizenship by Britain and France, 170
and French decree of 18 Jan. 1798, 189
reactions to failure of mission to France, 194, 351
and XYZ affair, 268, 279-80, 283
call for war, 316
influence on government, 316
meeting in Fredericksburg, 351
alarmed at seizures by French privateers, 354
Monroe's opinion of, 415
as accounting specialists, 476, 494
yellow fever interrupts financial transactions, 560

Meriwether, Thomas, 288n

Meriwether, William D., 593

Merlin de Douai, Philippe Antoine: introduced to G. Logan, 386n
and Logan affair, 577
identified, 577n
Monroe forwards letter from, 658-9

Message from the President of the United States, Accompanying a Report of the Secretary of State: TJ distributes, 638, 640-1, 663-4
demonstrates Pickering's attitude, 648-50

Message from the President of the United States, Accompanying Sundry Papers Relative to the Affairs of the United States, with the French Republic: Gerry's papers published as, 636n
TJ paraphrases, distributes, 638, 640-1, 648, 651n, 661-4, 667

Message of the President of the United States, of 5th March, 1798
with a Letter from our Envoys Extraordinary at Paris, with Other Documents, 165-6n, 170, 264n

Message of the President of the United States, to Both Houses of Congress. June 21st, 1798: TJ reports on, 418-19, 421-2, 484-6

Message of the President of the United States, to Both Houses of Congress. May 4th, 1798: memorial by U.S. envoys to Talleyrand, 335-6
Madison's views on, 359-60

Message of the President of the United States to Both Houses of Congress. April 3d, 1798: TJ distributes, 263-4, 266-70, 283, 289, 335, 338
arrives in Va., 290

Message of the President of the United States to Both Houses of Congress. June 5th, 1798: TJ distributes, 391n, 392-3, 394-5, 396-8, 419-20

Miami Indians, 82n, 213

Michikinikwa (Little Turtle), 82n

Middlesex Gazette (Middletown, Conn.), 228-9n

middle states: abatement of XYZ fever in, 664, 665-6, 668

Middleton, Conyers: Miscellaneous Works, 594

Mifflin, Thomas, 353

Milan, Italy, 12n

militia: called out in Philadelphia, 341, 344
and bill for provisional army, 353
and defensive preparations, 621, 646
considered in Senate bills, 675, 677
See also Virginia: Militia

Miller, Arthur, 280-1

Miller (Millar), Isaac: letters to cited, 12
TJ's payments to, 12, 592-3, 604
in TJ's accounts with G. Jefferson, 375

Millot, Claude François Xavier: works, 595

mills: patent for wind or water, 617-18
and TJ's suit against Henderson heirs, 622n

Milton, John: Paradise Lost, 327

Milton, Mass., 242n

Milton, Va.: postal service for, 27, 56, 282, 325, 381, 626-7
sales of TJ's nails at, 446
proposed canal to Charlottesville, 523-4, 561-2
TJ describes, 559

Mingo Indians: and Dunmore's War, 75-8, 306-7
See also Logan (Mingo Indian)

Minor, John. Jr., 329

Mint, U.S.: expenditures for, 634, 667

Miscellaneous Works (Conyers Middleton), 594

missionaries. See Indians
New York Missionary Society

Mississippi River, 216

Mississippi Territory: establishment of government in, 116, 672
appointments for, 280-1, 323-5, 326

Modern Practice of the High Court of Chancery (Robert Hinde), 594

Mohegan Indians: confused with Mahicans, 86

Mohican Indians. See Mahican (Mohican) Indians

molasses: for TJ, 167, 170, 183, 220, 609, 669

Molloy, Charles: De Jure Maritimo, 594

monarchy: in Europe, 124
Hamilton on U.S. and, 172-3
Federalists associated with, 325n, 420
on abolition of, 359
and political parties, 433

Monck (Monk), George, Duke of Albemarle, 560n

money: scarcity of cash, 10, 446, 529, 562-3
paper money, 113, 589

Monford, Montfort. See Munford, William G. (d. 1804)

Monongahela River, 77

Monot, Stephen, 672

Monroe, Elizabeth Kortright (Mrs. James Monroe): and Mme de Corny, 23
TJ sends regards to, 90, 169, 247, 282, 612, 636
Merlin sends regards to, 659

Monroe, James: letters to, 89-90, 168-70, 191-2, 246-8, 281-2, 360-2, 612-13, 633-7
letters from, 21-2, 57-8, 120-1, 133, 221-3, 254-5, 272-3, 328-30, 350-1, 382, 400-4, 414-16, 454, 658-9
publishes View, 7, 8n, 637n
financial affairs, 9, 276n, 404, 635
conduct as minister to France, 11-12, 22, 89, 382, 402, 637n
View, 11-12, 40, 96, 246, 511
correspondence with G. Logan, 11n
on land tax, 21-2
and Dawson, 22, 281, 382, 400, 637n
dispute with A. Hamilton, 22
hopes Session of Congress will end, 22
and distribution of View, 40, 57, 87, 89, 96, 127, 221, 223n
and Delamotte, 45, 57
draws on Barnes, 57, 88, 89
recalled from France, 83, 118-19, 174n
considers practicing law in Richmond, 89-90, 120, 133, 169, 254-5, 401-2
feted at Richmond dinner, 110-11, 225, 226n
H. Gates praises, 110
accused of financial improprieties, 221-3, 246, 247n, 272, 281-2, 329-30, 350-1, 400
Latrobe harmed by association with, 225
refuses to toast G. Washington, 246, 247n
views on Adams, 254, 329
newspaper subscription, 301n
criticizes U.S. envoys, 311
visits Madison, 311
and Mercer's case, 350
Adams's attack on, 353, 402-4, 405
prospect of entering Congress, 361, 382, 401-4, 511
political attacks on, 363
and Janet Montgomery, 385, 516
threat of impeachment, 405
as presidential candidate in 1808, 438n
TJ criticized for connections to, 439n
and Tazewell, 450, 641
sends books to TJ, 454
buys land, 494
and J. Breckinridge, 533
acts as agent for W. Bache, 612-13, 658
TJ sends statement on income, expenses to, 633-4
and Madison, 637n
and G. Logan affair, 658-9
sends TJ letter from Merlin de Douai, 658-9

Mont Blanco: as new residence for Mary and J. W. Eppes, 607-8, 633, 639, 669

Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat, Baron de: works, 595

Montgomery, Janet Livingston: letter to, 516-17
letter from, 385
asks TJ to forward letter to Monroe, 385, 516
identified, 385n

Montgomery, Richard, 385n, 517

Monticello: break-in at, viii, 68-9, 78-9
renovation and expansion of, viii, 92, 114, 128, 166-7, 188, 215, 235, 249, 269-71, 312, 326-7, 451-2, 504, 585, 593, 599, 603, 608
TJ longs for, plans return to, viii-ix, 327, 336, 381, 394, 406, 410-11, 412, 421, 435
art displayed at, xli-xlii
sale of furnishings from, xli-xlii
plants, trees for, 42n, 183, 192-3, 211, 248-9, 265, 282, 312
tools for blacksmith, 55, 56, 104, 167, 180, 375
flooring for, 56, 269-71, 312, 579-80
guns at, 68-9
management of, 79, 325-6, 385-6, 628
horses and mules for farm work at, 114, 128, 158, 177, 249
items in TJ's study, 114
carriages repaired at, 116
chimney piece for, 167-8, 180, 192, 613, 618, 630
molasses for, 170, 183, 609, 669
construction of roads at, 200-1
use of moldboard plow at, 207-8n, 388
various visitors to, 213, 419n, 458, 498, 587, 591
spring at, compared to Philadelphia, 248
brickmasons, stonemasons at, 255, 283, 313, 568, 571, 576, 579, 593
furniture, furnishings for, 282, 337, 343, 350, 362, 461, 466-7n
TJ and summers at, 290
carpenters at, 326-7, 579-80, 619, 642-3
groceries and supplies for, 337, 343, 355, 356, 357, 362, 365, 382, 461
supplies abundance of vegetables, 346
TJ invites family to, 357, 365, 382, 396, 421, 669
Niemcewicz hopes to visit, 399, 400, 410, 507, 508, 591
described by La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, 488
Madison visits, 567-8

Montpelier: TJ visits, viii, 531
weather at, 41, 117, 164, 176, 276, 289-90, 334, 348-9, 360, 368, 384, 571, 619
Monroe visits, 311
renovation of, 571, 579-80, 603, 604

Moors: expelled from Spain, 150

Moravians: as missionaries, ethnographers, 86-7, 265n, 285, 288, 305-10
and Latrobe, 225n
See also Heckewelder, John
Loskiel, George Henry

More, Thomas: Historie of Edward the Fifth, 595
History of King Richard III, 595

Moreau de St. Méry, Médéric Louis Elie, 362n

Morgan, Benjamin R., 126, 127n

Morgan, Daniel: and Logan's speech, 140
as Va. congressman, 169
votes with Federalists, 194

Morning Chronicle (London), 590n

Morris, Gouverneur: in Constitutional Convention, 173
opposes national bank, 173
as minister to France, 174n
agent of R. Morris, 477
relations with Hamilton, 596n

Morris, Robert: and debt to Currie, 171-2, 356-7, 366, 413-14, 576, 616
advocates national bank, 173
in Constitutional Convention, 173
financial failure of, 316n, 477
N.Y. property, 357n

Morris, William White: and accounts of 1796 dinner, 246-7, 272, 281, 328-9

Morrison, James, 510

Morse, Jedidiah, 86, 87n, 594

Moses, 92

Mountflorence, James Cole, 46

Mount Vernon: Niemcewicz visits, 399-400

Moylan, Stephen: and Madison's business affairs, 345, 603, 605, 619

Muhhekaneew Indians. See Mahican (Mohican) Indians

Muhlenberg, Frederick Augustus Conrad: correspondence with Madison, 274, 276n
Madison writes, 299
loses election, 610, 612

Muir, Thomas, 565-7

mules: TJ seeks to buy, 114, 158, 177, 282-3
and farm implements, 158, 282-3, 312
at Monticello, 249

Munford, William G. (d. 1804): TJ's course of reading for, viii, 594-7
identified, 596-7n
letter from cited, 596
letter to cited, 596

Munford, William Greene (d. 1786), 596n

Murray, William Vans: supplies data on Indian languages, 81n
and G. Logan's mission to France, 386n
and French desires to negotiate with U.S., 610-11

Mush Island, N.C.: Short's landholdings at, 351-2

Muskingum River: military campaign to, 106, 137, 138
Indian residences, Moravian activity along, 136, 138, 265n, 288, 305-10

Musschenbroek, Petrus van: Cours de physique, 594

Mustafa Dey (of Algiers), 449-50

Nacogdoches, Tex., 426n

nailrod. See Jefferson, Thomas: Nailery

Nantes, Edict of: deportation of blacks compared to, 150

Nantes, France, 292

Nanticoke Indians, 81n

Natchez: hostilities between U.S. and Spain at, 53, 55n, 95, 115
Spain delivers posts at, 123-4, 126, 127
and Pinckney Treaty, 127n
and western trade, 425n

natural history: Linnaean nomenclature used, 69, 211-12, 214n, 233n, 283, 294, 296, 455-6
museums, specimens of, 232-4
Heckewelder records, 265n
fossils of Greenbrier Co., Va., 293-7
of Africa, Caribbean, 297n
insect pests of fruit, 340-1
of trans-Mississippi west, 425-6, 520
course of reading in, 594, 596n
See also mammoth
megalonyx

Naturalization Act of 1798: as part of Federalist program, 299-300, 305
debate on, 301n
terms, passage of, 301n, 408, 410, 675-6
Senate delays action on, 323, 393

navigation acts: British, 72, 92
prospect of U.S., 72-3, 92-4
commercial regulation as deterrent to war, 161

Nelson, Horatio, 603

Nelson, Maj. John, 498, 517

Nelson, Thomas (1738-1789), 494

Nelson, Thomas, Sr. (the Secretary), 19

Netherlands: Dutch financial speculations in U.S., 315-16, 503
foreign domination of politics in, 478
Short's service in, 487
expenditures for U.S. debt to, 634, 667
See also Batavian Republic

Netherlands, Austrian, 12n

neutrality: TJ, Coxe on infractions of, 125n
and Sweden, Denmark, 241, 397
and Jay Treaty, 271, 395n
U.S. efforts to maintain, 336n
See also France: Directory
France: War with Britain

New, Anthony: sends letter to constituents, 324n
and J. Taylor's politics, 388, 430
and T. Martin's patent, 388

New and Complete System of Arithmetic, Composed for the Use of the Citizens of the United States (Nicolas Pike), 594

New and Impartial History of England (John Baxter), 595

Newark, N.J., 322-4, 326

New Brunswick, N.J., 324n

New Castle, Del., 196n

Newcomen, Thomas, 655

New England: and navigation bill, 72, 93-4
and prospects of war with Spain, 95
and XYZ affair, 275
and Jay Treaty, 334
characterized by TJ, 388-9
selection of juries in, 589-90
opposition to administration policies, 648

New Hampshire: views on arming private vessels, 88, 90
and Stamp Act, 156
elections in, 610-12
politics in, 643

New Jersey: and Madison's resolutions on Report on Commerce, 93n
electoral districts, 169
congressional elections, 242
and XYZ affair, 300, 305, 322, 324n, 326, 335, 341, 353, 665
addresses to president, 331
and administration of Kosciuszko's will, 333n
petitions against Alien and Sedition Acts from, 665-6
public sentiment in, 668

New Jersey (ship), 170n

newspapers: Independent Chronicle, 26n
as source of congressional news, 56
laws on public printers in Va., 57-8, 89
anti-French bias of, 174n
print Barlow's letter to Baldwin, 174n
and seditious libel, 187n
treatment of Kosciuszko by Federalist, 196n
TJ's subscription to New York, 217, 644
establishment of Republican, 227, 228-9n, 241, 635-7
coverage of Lyon-Griswold affair, 241
and government patronage, 275
Republican, as target of Sedition Act, 300, 305
power to ban in France, 302n
and letters from congressmen to constituents, 323
limited circulation of Republican, 334
and attacks on TJ, 340, 392-3, 484-6
report Callender's arrest, 558
supported by political parties in Europe, 565
carry inaccurate foreign news, 623-5, 631
irregular delivery of, in Va., 628-9, 642

New System of Modern Geography (William Guthrie), 594

New Theatre. See Chestnut Street Theatre (New Theatre
Philadelphia)

New Views of the Origin of the Tribes and Nations of America (Benjamin Smith Barton), 564

New York: growing support for Republicans in, 10
monarchists from, at Annapolis and Constitution Convention, 13-14
views on arming merchant vessels, 90
and Madison's resolutions on Report on Commerce, 93n
protests against stamp tax in, 157n
field peas grown in, 210
elections in, 279, 323, 326-7, 335, 344, 353, 359, 363, 365
political appointments in, 300, 301-2n, 305
Oneida lands, 325
land investments in, 492
abatement of XYZ fever in, 665
and opposition to Alien and Sedition Acts, 665-6
increasing Republican public sentiment in, 668

New York City: price of tobacco at, 10, 623, 626, 633, 669
price of wheat, flour at, 10, 668
society and politics in, 23
Longworth's directory, 82n
and arming of private vessels, 88
as port, 147
Congress meets in, 175
petition from merchants on XYZ affair, 279
suspends shipments to W. Indies, 283
and XYZ affair, 300, 301n
yellow fever in, 507-8, 509n, 560
news of G. Logan affair reaches, 576-7
as market for tobacco, 668
lighthouses for harbor of, 672

New York Gazette (New York), 597n

New York Missionary Society: collects Indian vocabularies, 81-2n, 87, 238, 243

New York Price-Current (New York): TJ subscribes to, 217, 644

Nicholas, George: Charlottesville house of, 236
"political creed", 519, 521n
as key figure in Ky., 532-3

Nicholas, John (brother of W. C. Nicholas): amendment on diplomatic establishment, 54n, 165
as possible counter to "Scipio", 121
absent from Congress, 299, 305, 311, 341, 344, 363-4, 394
stands for election, 636, 637n
in debate on Haitian independence, 637n

Nicholas, John, Jr. (clerk of Albemarle County Court): as "Americanus" criticizes TJ, 255-62

Nicholas, Wilson Cary: letters to, 557, 590
letter from, 556
elected to Va. Assembly, 290
and Ky. Resolutions, 531-4, 556, 557
and TJ's petition on jurors, 574n
and Va. Resolutions, 590
and Va. Assembly, 598n
named to succeed Tazewell, 642n

Nicholas family, 475, 493

Nicholson, John: and R. Morris's debt, 171-2, 366
financial failure, 316n

Nicholson, William: Introduction to Natural Philosophy, 594

Nicklin, Philip, 170n

Niemcewicz, Julian Ursin: letters to, 383, 409-10, 591, 625-6
letters from, 369-72, 398-400, 506-9, 627-8
reports on M. Cosway, 23
and Kosciuszko's departure, 196n, 332n, 369-72, 376-7, 383, 453, 506-9
borrows money, 371, 383, 398-9, 507, 508, 591
identified, 372n
hopes to visit TJ, 399, 400, 409-10, 507, 508, 591, 625, 628
visits Mount Vernon, 399
correspondence with Kosciuszko, 481, 482n, 625, 627-8

Niemcewicz, Susan Livingston Kean, 372n

Nile, battle of the, 603n, 635

Nimmo, William, 19

Nolan, Philip: letter to, 425-6
identified, 425-6n
and trans-Mississippi west, 425-6, 521

Nordiske Uäskape (ship), 504n

Norfolk, Va.: TJ expects to pass through, 9
and transatlantic trade, 147
fortifications, 523-4, 562
employment in, 559
Callender considers working at, 582

Norfolk Co., Va.: Short's Green Sea investments in, 352n, 459
See also Dismal Swamp

Norfolk Herald, 617

North, William, 302n, 353

Northampton Co., Pa., 611n

North Briton, 620n

North Carolina: exports, 72-3
and Madison's resolutions on Report on Commerce, 93
and Dismal Swamp, 352n
and disagreements among states, 388-9
politics, elections in, 442, 557, 665, 668
divisions within congressional delegation, 444
and Ky. Resolutions, 531-2, 557
price of tobacco from, 623, 626
support for Alien and Sedition Acts, 643
congressional acts on Senate bills pertaining to, 674

Northern Antiquities: or, A Description of the Manners, Customs, Religion and Laws of the Ancient Danes, and Other Northern Nations (Paul Henri Mallet), 595

northern states: and navigation bill, 72, 92-4
and political power, parties, 173, 432
and Direct Tax, 649

North Star: position of, 160-2

Northwest Territory, 674-5, 678-9

Notes on the State of Virginia: and Logan's speech, 3-4, 34, 101, 103n, 134, 216, 264, 291, 303-4, 306, 321-2, 328, 392, 419, 509, 511n, 514, 570-1n
and TJ's criticism of Buffon, 8, 34
depiction of Indians in, 33, 34n, 81
S. T. Mason's text of Logan's speech, 38-9
L. Martin mocks, 77, 108
information on Ky. imperfect, 216
utilized by Latrobe, 226n
on mammoth, 236
on purchases of land from Indians, 322
on Native American tribes, 564
See also Appendix to the Notes on Virginia Relative to the Murder of Logan's Family; Logan (Mingo Indian)

Nottoway Indians, 564

Nourse, Joseph, 673

Nova Scotia, 440, 672

nullification: and Ky. Resolutions, 530, 535, 539, 547

oaths: TJ's notes on, vii, 91
at impeachment trials, 87, 90, 91, 121n
authorization of authorities to administer, 674

Observations on the Influence of Soil and Climate upon Wool (Robert Bakewell), 376n

Observations on the Language of the Muhhekaneew Indians (Jonathan Edwards, Jr.), 86, 87n, 238, 243

O'Connor, James, 617n

Oellers's hotel: site of Washington birthday ball, 132n
Marshall stays at, 423n

uvres complètes (Claude Adrien Hélvetius), 594

Official Letters to the Honorable American Congress (John Carey), 237n

Ogden, John C.: letters from cited, 586-7n
writes TJ, Washington, 586-7
supports Lyon, 586n
delivers petition, 611-12

Ogle, Samuel (governor of Md.), 6, 20, 32

Ohio: Indians, missionaries in, 86, 106, 136-8, 265n, 288, 305-10, 513-14
grant of lands at Gallipolis, 672

Ohio Company, 18-20, 33, 469n

Ohio River: Indian-white interactions along, 75-7, 102, 137-9, 141-2, 285-8, 305-10, 512-15
fossils, artifacts near, 159n

Ojibwa (Chippewa) Indians, 81, 86

Old English. See Anglo-Saxon language

Oneida Indians: reservation, 86
and Logan, 309, 310n
sell land to N.Y., 325

ononis: confused with winter vetch, 211, 455-6
described, 211-12
TJ's observations on, 212, 214n

Opera omnia quæ extant (Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus), 595

Opimius, Lucius, 464, 465

Oram, James, 217

Orange Co., Va.: petition against arming of merchant vessels, 289-90
delays in postal service, 619

Orations (Marcus Tullius Cicero), 594

Ore, Maj. James, 675

Ormrod, John, 264n

Osborne's (Chesterfield Co., Va.), 265

Ossian, 522-3

Otis, Harrison Gray: TJ notes comments by, 173, 181-2, 471-3
on naturalization and citizenship, 301n
opposes adjournment of Congress, 417
as director of Bank of the U.S., 418-19
resolution on British impressment of seamen, 611n, 613
and G. Logan's mission to France, 624n, 630

Otis, Samuel A.: as secretary of the Senate, 85n, 121n
cares for letters, 453n, 577
and Blount's impeachment trial, 615n

Ottoman Empire: British ambassador to, 223n
and French in Egypt, 399, 400, 641n, 664
fails to capture Malta, 458

Ouiatonon Indians. See Wea (Ouiatanon) Indians

Ouram, Henry, 466n

P., Mr., 52

Page, Mr., 629

Page, John: letters to, 7-8, 392-3, 640-1
letters from, 302-4, 419-21
and TJ's account of Logan's speech, 7, 38, 43, 303-4, 322, 392-3, 419
as member of General Assembly, 43
advises TJ to answer opponents, 302-4
on current political situation, 419-21
urged to run for Congress, 641

Page, Mann: letters to, 8-9, 165-6
letters from, 37-8, 101
and TJ's account of Logan's speech, 8, 37-8, 101, 102n, 103n, 165, 288n, 328
residence, 101
receives political news, 165-6

Page, Margaret Lowther (Mrs. John Page), 7, 393, 641

Page, Mary Tayloe (Mrs. Mann Page), 9

Page, William: and management of Shadwell, 55-6, 79, 170, 326
characterized by T. M. Randolph, 79, 145
supplies corn, 114, 192
horses for, 177
urged to grow tobacco, 192
and TJ's business affairs, 423n
and slaves hired by TJ, 613
letter to cited, 614n

Paine, Elijah, 653

Paine, Thomas: honorary French citizen, 196n
Letter to the People of France, and the French Armies, 238-9, 240n
composes "Letter to George Washington", 246, 247n
Age of Reason, 581

Palermo, Italy, 160

Palisot de Beauvois, Ambroise Marie François Joseph, Baron de: letters from, 293-7, 515-16
on megalonyx, 293-7
returns to France, 293, 295, 297n, 515-16
identified, 297n

Pallas, Peter Simon, 238

Palmer, Thomas F., 565-7

Pamunkey Indians, 564

Pantops (Albemarle Co., Va.), 28

Paradise, Lucy Ludwell (Mrs. John Paradise): estate of, 287
letter to cited, 644n

Paradise Lost (John Milton): TJ quotes from, 327

Paris: Short writes from, 146-54
as prime meridian, 162n
U.S. consulate at, 175
Kosciuszko arrives in, 196n
Van Staphorst & Hubbard branch, 292

Park, Mungo, 154n

Parker, Hugh, 19

Parker, Josiah: as Federalist, 299
favors defense measures, 301n
absent from Congress, 305

Parkhurst, Jabez, 666n

Paschke (Paskie), Frederick, 557-8

patents: and enumerated powers in Constitution, 173
for T. Martin's threshing machine, 217, 252-4, 347-8, 387-8
sought by B. Dearborn, 617-18
and U.S. revenues, 634, 663, 667

Paterson, Col., 510

Paterson, William, 576

patronage: land tax as source of, 268
as reward for defeated candidates, 326

Patterson, Robert: letters to, 224, 234, 234-5
letter from, 230-1
and APS, 160, 161n, 162n, 656n
and TJ's moldboard plow, 207n, 224, 230-1, 234-5

Paul I, Emperor of Russia, 196n, 331n

Paulding, James Kirke: Salmagundi, 82-3n

Peace Treaty, Definitive (1783), 284n

peaches, 346

peach trees, 37n

Peale, Charles Willson: and APS, 159n, 656n
recommends TJ's moldboard plow, 208n
and exchanges of specimens, 232-4
museum, 295, 296
employs Palisot de Beauvois, 297n

Peale, Rembrandt, 331n

peas: exported from N.C., 73
in TJ's crop rotation plan, 210-11
TJ, Strickland exchange, 210, 456

penal institutions, 10, 225

Pendleton, Edmund: letters to, 35, 240-2, 330-1, 661-3
letters from, 64-5, 164-5, 298
TJ praises character, influence of, ix, 661-3
and Short's salary, 35, 36, 317, 320, 452, 561, 588, 603, 608, 609, 622, 669
letter from cited, 35n
and Delamotte's letter, 45
and Lyons, sale of stock, 64-5
and Short's finances, 164-5, 240-1, 298, 330
address "To the respectable Freeholders and other citizens of the county of Caroline", 661-2

Pennsylvania: dispute with Md., 5-6, 30-1
support for Republicans, republicanism in, 10, 169, 286n, 610, 612, 668
agriculture and industry, 42n
incorporates Vine Co., 42n
and Madison's resolutions on Report on Commerce, 93n
boundaries, 162n
political divisions over banks, 173
legislature considers motion for peace, 228, 229n
elections in, 242, 610, 665
Indians, missionaries in, 265n
and XYZ affair, 353
and disagreements among the states, 389
farmers in, unable to sell wheat and flour, 409
supreme court of, 413
land investments in, 492
protests against Direct Tax, 624n
abatement of XYZ fever in, 665
petitions against Alien and Sedition Acts from, 665-7

Pennsylvania, Bank of: Kosciuszko's shares, dividends, 195, 196n, 292, 315n, 320, 377, 378, 453, 504
Latrobe designs, 225n
security of investment in, 317-18
and Short's investments, 317-18, 475, 480, 495
Gerry's observations on, 480, 495

Pennsylvania, University of, 162n

perjury, 60

Perkins, John: Profitable Booke, 594

Peter, Martha Parke Custis, 369, 371

Peters, Richard (judge), 293

Petersburg, Va.: TJ expects to pass through, 9
as market, 639

Philadelphia: weather at, 9, 56, 126, 164
economic distress in, 10, 27, 54, 56
political animosities in, 23, 355, 484-6
price of tobacco at, 54, 56, 116, 157, 158, 171, 327, 337-8, 354
price of wheat and flour at, 54, 56, 116, 128, 157, 158, 170-1, 282, 409, 411
glass ordered from, 69, 312, 343
as source for books, 69, 283, 596n, 644n
elections in, 112n, 126, 127n, 344-5
various celebrations in, 112n, 132, 156, 293, 417, 444
interruption of market, travel due to ice on Delaware R., 122, 128, 623, 626, 633, 666
charge to grand jury in, 125n
as market for tobacco, 128, 623, 626, 633, 666, 668, 669
merchants in, 128, 268, 279-80
hotels, boarding houses, 132, 423n, 436, 439, 585
artisans in, 145, 183, 283
longitude, 160, 162n
mercantile employment in, 179
mail service to Va., 192, 235, 282, 381, 637, 667
and transatlantic trade, travel, 194, 197, 223
Latrobe designs waterworks for, 225n
late spring in, 236, 248
falling price of stocks in, 241, 298, 330-1
and XYZ petitions, addresses, 268, 279-80, 341-2, 344, 353, 359
inoculation for smallpox at, 283
wheat and flour unsalable in, 283, 305, 354
hardware ordered from, 311-12, 343-5, 358-9, 384
political meetings, disturbances in, 325n, 335-6, 341, 344, 353
theaters, theatrical performances, 325n, 392n
as financial center, 373-4, 476, 494
medicines from, 406
reacts to sedition bill, 440
ship owners from, send memorial to House, 441-3
yellow fever in, 505-6, 526, 560, 564-5, 585, 610
unsafe for dissenters, 521-2
banks and politics in, 557
and Callender, 559, 564-5, 580-2
servants' wages in, 585n
new Republican paper in, 635-7
Senate bill for relief of certain citizens of, 679

Philadelphia Gazette: news on foreign affairs in, 12n, 62-3, 157n, 450n
articles by T. Coxe in, 125
and XYZ dispatches, 251
prints British instructions, 271
publishes threats against Philadelphia, 336n
prints sedition bill, 443n
prints letters, 660n

Philip II, King of Spain, 595, 602

Philippines: and U.S. trade, 490

Phill (TJ's slave): T. M. Randolph takes away mules, 282
carries letter to Eppington, 452

Phillips, Isaac, 611n

Phillips, William, 467n

Philosophia Britannica (Benjamin Martin), 594

Philosophica (Marcus Tullius Cicero), 594

Philosophie de L'Univers (Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours), 502-3

Phipps, Capt. (master of Union), 504n

"Phocion." See Smith, William Loughton

Pickering, Timothy: letter to, 345-6
letter from, 298-9
dispute with Spanish minister, 53, 54-5n
"Scipio" essays attributed to, 96, 121
and TJ's comments on J. Wise, 99-100n
letters sent under cover to, 146-7
and Short's salary, 147-8, 298-9, 317, 330
and politics, 156, 173, 182, 525n
influence on policy, 173, 182, 186
targeted by House of Representatives, 176
performs functions of office, 252, 361n
and Monroe, 282n, 329-30, 350-1, 362n
borrows books, studies boundary issue, 284, 341, 345-6, 385
and Jay Treaty commissions, 284n, 625n
and G. Logan's mission to France, 386n
welcomes J. Marshall, 417
conjuring XYZ mania, 582
defends Alien and Sedition Acts, 584n
protests impressment of seamen, 610-11, 613
and Gerry, 621, 631, 635, 636n, 643
on militia, standing army, 621
praises C. C. Pinckney, 621
See also Message from the President of the United States, Accompanying a Report of the Secretary of State
XYZ affair

Pike, Nicolas: New and Complete System of Arithmetic, 594

Pinckney, Charles, 88-9n

Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth: in cartoon, xl, 364 (illus.)
"not six pence" statement, xl
French opposition to, 119, 174n, 185, 219, 397
considered for War Department post, 173, 182
conduct as envoy criticized, 174n, 339, 490-1, 643n
rumored intrigues of, 185
leaves Paris, 219, 390, 392-3, 394, 396, 397, 417, 636n
relations with Gerry, Marshall, 393, 441, 647
and rank in army, 450n, 612n
attends meetings with Washington, 611n
Pickering praises, 621
not disposed toward peace with France, 647, 649
See also XYZ affair

Pinckney, Eliza Lucas, 390-4

Pinckney, Thomas: and Blount impeachment, 84-5, 615n, 619n
political views characterized by TJ, 227
on U.S. relations with France, 227, 228n, 231
calls for dispatches, 245
nomination as envoy to Spain, 319, 320n, 481
and payments to Kosciuszko, 454, 498n
in House debates, 472

Pinckney Treaty: delays in implementation of, 55n
fulfillment of terms of, 115-16, 123-4, 126, 127

pisé construction, 578n

pitch: exported from N.C., 73

Pitt, William, 376n, 584n

Pittsburgh, Pa.: and Dunmore's War, 76, 78n, 102, 135, 141-2, 307, 511n, 513-14
Logan visits, 136
Republican strength in, 286n

Pius VI, Pope, 66, 67-8

Pleasants, Samuel. See Virginia Argus (Richmond)

"Pliny" (pseudonym): mocks TJ, 438-9

plow, moldboard: and cover crops, 200
TJ's instructions for construction of, 201-5, 207-8n, 224, 234-5, 376
models of, sent to Britain, 202, 205, 457
of cast iron, 205, 208n
Patterson's views on, 230-1
sent to Britain, 310
TJ's description of, 387-9
praised by Strickland, 457
TJ's design built, used by others, 524

plows: mules or horses for, 114, 128, 158, 177, 282-3, 312
in Britain, 376n

poetry, 380, 405-6, 511, 512n, 522-3

Point Pleasant, Va., 310n

Poland: on restoration of, 124
partitioned, 196n, 372n, 399, 400, 507, 508, 591
political reforms, 372n

Polaris (pole star), 160-2, 178

Political Disquisitions: or, An Inquiry into Public Errors, Defects, and Abuses (James Burgh), 595

political parties: necessary for a free society, 388-9
J. Taylor's views on, 430-5
and taxes, 434
and newspapers, 565

Political Progress of Britain (James Thomson Callender), 595

Polybius: Historiarum, 595

Pomona (ship), 147

Pope. See Pius VI, Pope

Poplar Forest (TJ's estate): sale of tobacco from, 338, 357-8, 372-3, 592, 669
B. Clark overseer at, 407n

Porcupine's Gazette (Philadelphia): publishes L. Martin's attacks on TJ, 7n, 20n, 34n, 78, 110n, 143n, 392
reacts to Latrobe satire, 226n
and XYZ dispatches, 251
publishes Corbin's vindication of L. Martin, 285-7, 327-8
and attack on Findley, 304n
praises "Hail Columbia", 325n
makes accusations against TJ, 340, 392, 417, 419n
TJ's views on, 389, 486
Callender's opinion of, 564-6
decline in sales, 614

pork: exported from N.C., 73

Port-au-Prince, Saint-Domingue, 438

Portland, William Henry Cavendish Bentinck, third Duke of, 271n

Portugal: Britain occupies forts, 11-12
relations with France, 11-12, 263, 267
Kosciuszko travels through, 288-9, 378

postal service: appointments at Fredericksburg, Va., 9, 11n, 88
salary of postal rider, 9, 56, 88
irregularities of mail, 26-7, 338, 505, 506, 525, 585, 591, 626-7, 642
at Milton, Va., 56, 282, 381
British influence suspected in, 71
privacy of, distrusted, 71, 244, 247, 272, 274, 434-5, 528, 588, 616, 623-4, 636, 641, 650
in Va., 117, 325, 357, 452, 619
between Va. and Philadelphia, 192, 235, 282, 381, 637, 667
and U.S. revenues, 634, 663, 667
bill to establish post offices and roads, 673
franking privilege for secretary of navy, 677

potatoes: treatise on, 197
in TJ's crop rotation plan, 210

Potter, Charles, 167, 220

Potter, Edmund: handles shipments for TJ, 192, 265, 343, 357, 362, 374, 382

Pougens, Charles: plan to sell books in U.S., 319, 481, 482n

Pouncey's tract (TJ property): building materials from, 114
timber on, 312

Powell, John, & Co., 427-30

Powhatan Indians, 564

Pratt & Kintzing (Philadelphia), 321

Précis du droit des gens moderne (Georg Freidrich von Martens): translated by Cobbett, 615-16

"President's March" (melody), 325n

press, freedom of: limits to, under British law, 60
absence of, in France, 300, 302n, 590n
threats to, 324, 326, 334, 395
Madison fears loss of, 349
Constitutional protection of, 536-7, 542n, 544-5, 551, 646
Congress criticized for impeding, 590n
See also Sedition Act

Priestley, Joseph: honorary French citizen, 196n
and study of languages, 238
characterized by Callender, 566

Prince, James, 48, 49n

Prince Edward Co., Va.: sends address of protest to president, 582-4

Prince of Wales (ship), 427-30

Princeton, N.J.: address on XYZ affair, 324n

Prince William Co., Va., 9

Principles of Agriculture and Vegetation (Francis Home), 211

Principles of Equity (Henry Home, Lord Kames), 594

printing: new French process, 153-4, 277, 577, 578n
low cost of in U.S., Ireland, 319, 481
hot-pressed method, 644n

privateers, 273-4

privateers, British, 395n

privateers, French: ordered to seize U.S. vessels, 336n, 354
U.S. law allowing capture of, 404-5
U.S. ships capture, 447
recalled, 449

Proctor, Joseph, 76

Profitable Booke of Mr. John Perkins . . . Treating of the Lawes of England (John Perkins), 594

proverbs: quoted by Callender, 580

Prussia: and military movements, 156
and talks of new coalition against France, 449-50
and partition of Poland, 507, 508

Pulaski, Casimir, 558n

pumpkins, 213

Purdie, Alexander, 321

Pyrlæus, John Christopher, 309, 310n

Quakers. See Friends, Society of

Quarrier, Alexander: letter to cited, 116
and TJ's chariot, 116, 235

Randall, Henry S.: Life of Thomas Jefferson, 530-1

Randolph, Anne Cary (Nancy, sister of Thomas Mann Randolph), 628

Randolph, Anne Cary (TJ's granddaughter): TJ's affection for, 26, 57, 115, 128, 158, 171, 183, 232, 249, 270, 284, 305, 327, 341, 366, 381, 396, 411, 421, 504, 604, 614, 627, 637-8, 669
health of, 28, 63, 79, 92, 96, 350, 367, 386, 593, 628
game of goose for, 44, 92, 355
learns to read, 346
sends love to TJ, 424
visits Monticello, 451, 599

Randolph, Edmund: letter to, 36
and Short's salary, 35-6, 147-8, 241-2, 298-9, 317, 320, 330, 588
letters from cited, 36n, 225n
letter to cited, 36n
recommends Latrobe, 224
and Short, 481

Randolph, Elizabeth Nicholas (Mrs. Edmund Randolph), 36

Randolph, Ellen Wayles, II (TJ's granddaughter): and sale of Monticello furnishings, xli-xlii
TJ's affection for, 26, 57, 115, 128, 158, 171, 183, 232, 249, 270, 284, 305, 327, 341, 366, 381, 396, 411, 421, 504, 604, 614, 627, 637-8, 669
cuts teeth, 28
game of goose for, 44, 92, 355
health of, 63, 79, 92, 96, 350, 367, 386, 483, 593, 599, 628
affection for TJ, 346, 424
visits Monticello, 451, 483, 599

Randolph, John (d. 1784), 430n

Randolph, John (of Roanoke), 438n

Randolph, Martha Jefferson (Patsy, Mrs. Thomas Mann Randolph, TJ's daughter): letters to, 91-2, 248-9, 354-5, 381, 483, 605, 637-8
letters from, 43-4, 346-7, 424
as slaveholder, viii-ix
criticizes Kosciuszko portrait of TJ, xlii
and C. Church, 24-5
TJ's affection for, 26, 57, 91-2, 115, 128, 158, 171, 183, 232, 249, 270, 284, 305, 327, 341, 354-5, 366, 396, 411, 421, 504, 604, 614, 627, 669
correspondence with TJ, 27, 114, 145, 270, 365, 395, 406, 613-4, 626, 629, 630, 637-8, 667
health of, 28, 63, 79, 96, 350, 367, 386
requests items from Philadelphia, 43-4, 69
awaits TJ's return, 44, 346-7, 381, 424
expresses affection for father, 44, 424
relationship with sister, 44, 347, 451, 632
supervises garden work at Monticello, 114
TJ urges to stay at Monticello, 166-7
unpleasant situation at Belmont, 187
and harpsichord, 215, 390
at Monticello, 346, 451, 593, 599
forwards letters, 385
Short's regard for, 482
regards sent to, 587
social life, 628
postpones trip to Goochland Co., 639

Randolph, Mary Skipwith, 319

Randolph, Richard (d. 1786), 427-30

Randolph, Thomas Jefferson (TJ's grandson): and portrait of TJ, xlii
TJ's affection for, 26, 57, 115, 128, 158, 171, 183, 232, 249, 270, 284, 305, 327, 341, 366, 396, 411, 421, 504, 604, 614, 627, 637-8, 669
health of, 28, 63, 79, 92, 96, 350, 367, 386, 593, 628
game of goose for, 44, 92, 355
fails to wear shoes, 63
suffers from baffling disorder, 346, 381
1829 edition of TJ's papers, 390n
sends love to TJ, 424
visits Monticello, 451, 599
examines TJ's papers, 530, 534

Randolph, Thomas, Jr. (of Dungeness), 319

Randolph, Thomas, Sr. (of Dungeness), 319

Randolph, Thomas Mann, Sr., 438n

Randolph, Thomas Mann (TJ's son-in-law): letters to, 25-6, 55-7, 114-15, 127-8, 128-9, 158, 170-1, 182-3, 192-4, 231-2, 269-71, 282-4, 304-5, 325-7, 341-2, 365-6, 395-6, 410-11, 421-2, 504-5, 593, 604-5, 613-14, 626-7, 667-9
letters from, 26-8, 62-3, 68-9, 78-80, 145, 177, 290-1, 312-13, 385-6, 406, 628-9
as slaveholder, viii-ix, 28, 604n
TJ makes political comments to, xliii
as TJ's neighbor, 24-5
subscribes to newspapers, 25, 115, 183, 614, 626
and H. B. Trist, 26, 114, 177, 406, 421
and postal service, 26-7, 56, 192, 282, 325, 626-7, 628-9, 667
sells wheat, 27-8
weather diary, 27, 56, 80
cares for TJ's affairs at Monticello, Shadwell, 28, 55-6, 79, 114, 128, 145, 158, 170, 177, 192-3, 238, 248-9, 282-4, 290, 312-13, 325-6, 341, 345-6, 349, 356, 365, 385-6, 406, 410-11, 452, 604, 613, 628, 669
seeks blacksmith, stonemason, 28, 56, 145, 183, 355
and TJ's financial transactions, 43-4, 115, 231, 410, 461, 592-3, 603-4
and renovation of Monticello, 56, 114, 128, 269-71, 312, 326-7
expresses hostility towards Britain, 62-3, 290
reads Fauchet's pamphlet, 62
TJ sends publications to, 62-3, 115, 170-1, 269-70, 283, 396, 667
health of, 63, 69, 79, 92, 96
reports on theft at Monticello, 68-9, 78-9
orders items from Philadelphia, 69, 283, 313, 406, 421
Madison visits, 96
TJ sends news on Congress, politics, and foreign affairs to, 127-8, 170, 193-4, 231-2, 269-70, 304-5, 326-7, 341, 365, 396, 410-11, 421-2, 613-14, 627, 667-8
letters from cited, 129n, 194n, 249n, 270n, 284n, 346n
and correspondence with TJ, 145, 354, 381, 630
and TJ's nailrod, nailery, 145, 154-5, 182-3, 626
grows barley, 210
and seeds from Strickland, 210
provides botanical description, 211-12, 214n, 455-6
TJ sends regards to, 249, 355, 381
and TJ's horses, 255, 283, 312-13
and sale of tobacco, 290, 326, 349, 365, 373-4, 579, 626, 668
reports on health of children, 367
travels in Va., 385, 599
on TJ's role in Senate, 406
family background, 438n
visits Monticello, 451, 498n
regards sent to, 458, 564, 587
signs TJ's petition, 574n
and sale of land, 613
cares for TJ's legal affairs, 621, 669
celebrates Christmas, 628
postpones trip to Goochland Co., 628, 637-8, 639
See also Edgehill (Randolph estate)

Randolph, Virginia (sister of Thomas Mann Randolph), 628

raspberries: Antwerp, TJ praises, 193
at Monticello, 249, 346

Raspberry Plain (Loudoun Co., Va.): Mason estate, 13n

Rastadt, 156-7

Raymond, Robert, Lord Raymond: Reports of Cases Argued and Adjudged, 594

Read, George, 428n

Read (Reed, Reid), Jacob: on power to impeach senators, 126-7, 672
as bank director, 418-19
and Washington's appointment, 440
judiciary bill, 471, 472n
in Senate, 472, 677, 679
and Gerry's confirmation, 653

Read, John: letter to, 426-30
and British debt claims, 426-30
letter from cited, 428, 430n
identified, 428n

Recherches historiques et politiques sur les États-Unis d'Amérique (Philip Mazzei), 157, 175-6

Red Hawk (Shawnee Indian), 141

Redick, David: letter from, 285-7
letter to Fenno, 285, 287-8
son mentioned, 285
and TJ's account of Logan affair, 285-8

Redstone. See Brownsville (Redstone), Pa.

Reflections on Monroe's View, of the Conduct of the Executive (Uriah Tracy), 11-12n

Réflexions sur la formation et la distribution de richesses (Anne Robert Jacques Turgot), 595

religion: offenses against, under British law, 59-60
and oaths, 91
and Sabbath, 125
Conn. described as priest-ridden, 156-7
and U.S. Constitution, 393
proposed law interfering with freedom of, 434-5

Remsen, Henry: letters to, 217, 644-5
TJ orders newspapers from, 217, 644
forwards correspondence, news, 644

Report (in part) of the Committee: TJ collects information from, 631-2

Reports and Arguments (Sir John Vaughan), 594

Reports of Adjudged Cases in the Courts of Chancery, King's Bench, Common Pleas and Exchequer (Sir John Strange), 594

Reports of Cases Adjudged in the Court of King's Bench (William Salkeld), 594

Reports of Cases Argued and Adjudged (Lord Raymond), 594

Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Court of Appeals of Virginia (Bushrod Washington), 594

Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the High Court of Chancery (William Peere Williams), 594

Reports of Select Cases in all the Courts of Westminster-Hall (Sir John Fortescue Aland), 569, 570n

Reports of Sir Edward Coke (Sir Edward Coke), 594

republicanism: spread of, 25
in Va. Assembly, 63, 89
and free discussion, 120
"Americanus's" comments on, 255-62
and political parties, 432-4
and conventions of the people, 601-2
and Constitution, 646, 651n

Republicans: absent from Congress, vii-viii, 279, 281, 299, 305, 311, 341, 344, 363-4, 365, 394, 441
and TJ's draft of Ky. Resolutions, ix
growing support for, 10, 267, 610, 665-6
and Blount impeachment, 11
fear alliance with Great Britain, 40, 227-8, 270, 448, 640, 641n
in Va., 40, 110-11, 225, 226n, 386, 438n, 524, 574-5n, 598, 641
Madison's recommendations to, 95
TJ distinguishes from Federalists, Tories, 98-100
called whigs, 156, 175, 194, 269, 284, 326, 335, 344, 408
and celebration of Washington's birthday, 156, 175
and president's message of 19 Mch. 1798, 189-90, 193-4, 227, 228n, 231-2
called peace party, 193-4, 231, 263, 267, 268
as protectors of Constitution, 239
and XYZ affair, 245-6, 263-4, 267-8, 269-70, 339, 353, 647, 652n
accused of pro-French sentiments, 250-1, 324n, 341-2, 417-19
hold caucuses, 264n, 301n
urged to stand firm, 272
and measures before Congress, 284, 408
in Pa., 286n
and newspapers, public opinion, 300, 302-3, 334, 635-7
and N.Y. elections, 323, 326-7, 359, 363, 365
represent true sentiments of nation, 340, 388, 416, 588, 649
and 1798 elections, 344, 643
lack of power in Congress, 401-2, 444, 445n
TJ as leader of, 406, 484, 486n, 497
identify with Irish rebels, 511
and Callender, 521-2
in N.C., 557
moral imperative of cause, 641
and Gerry, 645-52

Rerum Scoticarum Historia (George Buchanan), 595

Retaliation (ship): captured by L'Insurgent, 610-11

Reynolds, Dr. James, 460, 484

Reynolds, Maria Lewis (Mrs. James Reynolds), 226n

Rhine River: Austria surrenders left bank of, to France, 12n

Rhode Island: opposes arming of private vessels, 88
views on arming merchant vessels, 90
and Madison's resolutions on Report on Commerce, 93
and Stamp Act, 156-7
beacons and buoys for, 672

Rice, Henry, 237n

rice: exported from U.S., 73, 502n
French duties on, 124

Rich, Henry Pye, 623-5, 627

Richard, John, Jr., 618, 629

Richards: killed by Indians, 141

Richardson, Richard: and TJ's financial transactions, 29n, 179n, 231, 357-8, 604
hires slaves for TJ, 56
letter from cited, 57n
reports on break-in and theft at Monticello, 68
delivers letters, 114, 603
and TJ's nailrod, 167-8, 182-3
TJ recommends, 255
inoculated for small pox, 283
training in stonecutting and plastering, 283
and brickmaking at Monticello, 313
and work for T. M. Randolph, 355
works at Monticello and Montpelier, 568, 571, 576, 579
carries Ky. Resolutions to Madison, 580n
hires workers at Monticello, 638

Richmond, Va.: postal service at, 27, 235, 282
distribution of Monroe's View in, 40, 87, 127
taverns, 43, 111n
absence of children's toys in, 44
practice of law in, 89-90, 120, 133, 169, 255
price of wheat, flour at, 104, 357, 374, 633, 660
TJ's land in, 104, 132
dinner held for Monroe in, 110-11, 225, 226n
James River Canal reaches, 148-9
employment in, 179, 559
theatrical performances, 225-6n
as market, 283, 373-4
price of tobacco at, 327, 626, 633, 660
TJ seeks to sell tobacco at, 337-8, 365, 668, 669-70
TJ's groceries sent by way of, 355, 356
storage and inspection of tobacco at Shockoe warehouse, 452, 461, 467, 579
Callender considers working in, 582
nailrod shipped to, 638

Richmond Enquirer (Richmond, Va.): and Ky. Resolutions, 530, 534-5

Richneck (Warwick Co., Va.), 69-70

Rind, Clementina, 321

Rising Sun (sloop): carries TJ's nailrod, 609, 622, 626, 633, 638, 660
shipwrecked, 617

Ritchie, Thomas, 530, 534-5

Rittenhouse, David: TJ relies on weather data of, viii
astronomical observations, 160
and TJ's moldboard plow, 207n, 224, 230

Rittenhouse, Hannah Jacobs (Mrs. David Rittenhouse), 56

Rivanna River: canals along, 523-4, 561-2
TJ pays for clearing of, 604n
mills on, 622n

Rives (Reeves), Robert, & Co.: and postal service at Milton, 27
TJ's account with, 28, 29n
See also Higginbotham, David

Rives, William Cabell, 534-5

Rivington, James, 175

roads: construction of, 200-1
near Monticello, 587

Roberts, Joseph, Jr.: supplies nailrod, 104-5, 525-6, 585, 609, 617
payments to, 105n, 466, 505, 525-6

Robertson, David, 567n

Robertson, Dr. William: History of America, 595
History of Scotland, 595
History of the Reign of the Emperor Charles V, 595

Robespierre, Maximilien François Marie Isidore de, 117, 334

Robinson, John: settlement of estate, 35-6, 298, 588

Rocketts (Richmond, Va.), 622

Rodgers, Andrew, 511-12n

Roe, Adam, 76

Rogers, John: letters to cited, 30n
TJ pays for beef from, 30n

Rome: French intervention in, 66-8
classical, 112n, 463-5, 601

Ronald, Andrew, 429n

Roosevelt, Franklin Delano: and Kosciuszko's portrait of TJ, xlii

Rose Hill, N.Y., 110

Rosetta (brig), 12n

Ross, James: as gubernatorial candidate in 1799, 10
and procedures for impeachment trials, 58, 62
absent from Senate, 441
in Senate, 472, 674, 678
and Gerry's confirmation, 653

rotation in office, 433

Rowan, Archibald Hamilton: letter to, 528
letter from, 460-1
visits Kosciuszko, xli
exile in U.S., 460-1, 528
identified, 460n

Rowan, Sarah Anne Dawson Hamilton, 460

Roxbury, Mass.: opposes arming merchant vessels, 242n

Royle (Royal) v. Robinson Administrators, 35-6, 64

Rudiments of Grammar for the English-Saxon Tongue, First Given in English (Elizabeth Elstob), 569, 570n

Rules for Drawing the Several Parts of Architecture (James Gibbs), 604

Rush, Benjamin, xli, 248

Russell, Benjamin, 364n

Russell, Henry, 141

Russell, Capt. William, 141

Russia: and military movements, 156
defeats, partitions Poland, 196n, 372n, 399, 400, 507, 508
and comparative studies of languages, 238
furs, 331n
and talks of new coalition against France, 449-50
lack of freedom of press in, 590n
and France, 664

Rutherfurd, John, 653

Rutledge, John, Jr., 173, 181-2, 472

"Sabbaticus" (pseudonym), 125

saddles, 467n

Saint André, André Jeanbon, 449-50

Saint Croix River, 284, 346n

Saint-Domingue, W.I.: blacks caricatured, xl, 364 (illus.)
relations with France, xl
and problems of sudden emancipation, 151
natural history of, 297n
political upheaval, 297n
refugees from, seek asylum in U.S., 438-41
independence for, 635, 637n, 640, 663-5, 667
U.S. trade with, 640, 663, 665, 667
British, U.S. warships off coast of, 659-60
mentioned, 70n, 509n
See also Toussaint-Louverture

Saint German, Christopher: Doctor and Student, 594

St. Thomas, W.I., 659

Salkeld, William: Reports of Cases, 594

Sallust: works of, 595

Sally (sloop): carries shipment for TJ, 192, 265, 343, 357

Salmagundi (Washington Irving, William Irving, and James Kirke Paulding), 82-3n

salt: taxes on, 279, 281, 300, 305, 611n
extracted from seawater, 391-2, 407

Salzburg, 12n

Sam: cares for TJ's slave, George, 563n

Sandusky, Northwest Terr.: Indians, missionaries at, 86, 308

Sappington, John, 136, 138

Sargent, Winthrop: appointed governor of Miss. Terr., 281n, 323, 326

Sawyer, Enoch, 617n

Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Francis Frederick, Duke of, 161n

Saxons: histories of, 597n

Sayer, Joseph: Law of Costs, 594

Scandella, Giambattista (J. B.), 507-9

Schimmelpenninck, Rutger Jan, 611n

Schomberg, Alexander Crowcher: Historical and Chronological View of Roman Law, 594

Schröter, Johann Hieronymus: studies Jupiter's moons, 160-2, 178

Scioto River: and Dunmore's War, 106, 137, 138, 513, 514

"Scipio" (Uriah Tracy): criticizes Monroe's View, 11-12, 57, 89, 120-1, 221, 223n, 246
essays ascribed to C. Lee, 87
essays ascribed to Pickering, 96
rebutted, 223n

Scotland, 206, 565-7

Scott, James, 19

Scourge of Aristocracy, and Repository of Important Political Truths, 583-5

seamen, U.S.: impressment of, 610-11, 613
bill for relief of sick and disabled, 674, 679

seaports: and stamp tax, 157n
fortification of harbors, 182, 228, 280n, 674
quarantine of, 679
See also lighthouses

Sedgwick, Theodore: and impeachment procedures, 127n, 619-20, 672
fails to attend Washington's birthday celebration, 156
and aid for Federal District, 245
president pro tem of Senate, 437
and Direct Tax, 442-3
and election districts in Mass., 442
considers declaration of war, 443n
in Senate debates, 471-2
and Gerry's confirmation, 653

Sedgwick & Co. or a Key to the Six Per Cent Cabinet (James Thomson Callender), 188-9, 565-7

sedition: common law prosecutions for, 187n
as crime in Scotland, 567n
prosecuted in Britain for, 620

Sedition Act (1798): prosecutions under, 174n, 576, 586, 619-20
as part of Federalist program, 299-300, 305, 323
TJ's views on, 324, 589, 635, 661
causes departures of French, 360
considered in Senate, 360, 437, 443-4, 445n, 447, 450n, 678
House version of, superceded by Senate, 360, 393, 395n
bill, amendments sent to TJ, 440, 450n
challenged as unconstitutional, 444, 445n, 519, 521n
sentiment against, 487n, 532, 649, 664
condemned in Ky., 510-12, 519, 532-4
and Callender, 521-2, 580-2
and Ky. Resolutions, 531, 535, 536-7, 540, 542-3n, 544-5, 548, 550-1, 554
in N.C. politics, 557n, 643
prelude to constitutional abuses, 559-60
reactions to, 582-5, 661-2, 665-7
and Va. Resolutions, 590, 606
J. Taylor brings in bill to counter, 602

seeds: TJ and Strickland exchange, 170, 209-13, 455-7
of Wabash melon, 213, 456-7
See also clover seed

Selem. See Matthiessen & Sillem (Selem) (Hamburg)

Seneca, Lucius Annaeus: works of, 594
in TJ's courses of reading, 597n

servants: Kosciuszko's, 372, 507, 508
TJ's, in Philadelphia, 436, 439, 585, 644n

Several Methods by Which Meridional Lines May be Found with Ease and Accuracy (Andrew Ellicott), 162n

Sewall, Samuel: and Blount impeachment, 84-5, 615n, 619n
seeks expulsion of M. Lyon, 88n
and Lyon-Griswold affair, 164
influence on Adams, 173
correspondence with McHenry, 279-80
and relations with France, 380n
brings in sedition bill, 395n
in House debates, 472

Seybert, Adam: in APS, 36, 159n

Shadwell (TJ's estate): slaves at, 28, 406
tobacco crop at, 385
mill canal constructed at, 561
See also Page, William

Shamokin (Indian town), 309

Shawnee Indians: and Dunmore's War, 39, 75-8, 102, 103, 136, 138, 140-2, 307, 310n
language, 86
relations with Iroquois, 141

Shays' Rebellion, 13

sheep, 376n

Sheridan, Thomas: Course of Lectures on Elocution, 594

Shikellamy (Shikellemus, Oneida Indian), 309, 310n

shingles: exported from N.C., 73

Shockoe warehouse: and TJ's tobacco, 445-6, 452, 461, 467, 579

Shoemaker, Edward, 467n

Short, Eliza. See Edmonds, Elizabeth Short

Short, Jenny. See Wilkins, Jane (Jenny) Short

Short, Peyton: correspondence with W. Short, 52, 318, 482n
and brother's business affairs, 481, 558
succeeds in Ky., 492-3
letter to cited, 578n

Short, William: letters to, 317-20
letters from, 52, 146-54, 277, 473-83, 487-97, 557-8
on slavery, emancipation, ix, 148, 149-53
salary due to, 35-6, 147-8, 240-1, 277, 298-9, 317-18, 320, 330, 452, 480, 561, 588, 603, 608, 609, 622, 669
and brother, 52, 318, 481-2, 492-3, 558, 578n
epistolary record, 52, 277, 482n, 496n, 557-8
personal affairs, 52, 277
business affairs, 52n, 146-54, 164-5, 277, 298, 317-20, 351-2, 411, 459-60, 473-83, 487-97, 498, 517, 557-8, 609, 613-14, 629, 635, 639
canal shares of, 148-9, 318, 477-8
Indian Camp Quarter, 148, 277, 318, 475, 493
tenants, 148, 277, 318, 475, 493-4
U.S. securities, 148, 277n, 318, 411n, 476, 492, 506n, 525-6
expects to return to U.S., 248, 318, 453, 473-5, 480
and Monroe, 276n, 635
Green Sea lands, 318, 337, 351-2, 411, 459, 481, 496
acquires land in Ky., 352n, 481
service in Spain, Netherlands, 473, 476, 480, 481, 487, 496
anticipates marriage, 474, 488, 557, 577
powers of attorney, 476, 526n
political views, 478-80, 491
on TJ, Adams, 479
diplomatic expenditures, 480
disgruntled, 480-1, 490-1
sisters of, 481-2, 577, 578n
relations with Washington, 488, 491-2
and G. Logan, 489, 496
and XYZ envoys, 490-1
TJ draws on funds of, 506n, 525-6
letters voluminous, difficult, 517
mentioned, 45

Short Introduction to English Grammar (Robert Lowth), 594

Shultz, Benjamin, 37n

"Sidney": analyzes XYZ dispatches, 333-5
praised by Madison, 333-4

Sidney, Algernon: Discourses Concerning Government, 595

Sierra Leone Company, 149, 154n

silk, 502n

Silverheels (Shawnee Indian), 307

Simms, Charles, 293

Sinclair, Sir John: letters to, 197-209, 310-11
letter from, 387
TJ sends May wheat to, 104, 192, 198, 265-6, 310, 337, 350, 387
sends publications, surveys to TJ, 197, 208n
TJ sends models, farm implements to, 199-200, 202, 205, 310, 387
TJ praises, 205-7
lays TJ's letter before British Board of Agriculture, 207n, 376, 387
TJ writes, 224

Sitgreaves, Samuel: letter from, 84-5
and Blount impeachment, 84-5
address to the Senate, 85
identified, 85n
serves on Jay Treaty commission, 85n, 623-5, 627
submits resolutions, 363-4
resigns seat in House, 615n

Six Nations. See Iroquois (Six Nations) Indians

Sketches of the History of America (James T. Callender): TJ distributes, 115, 116
purchased by TJ, 115n
sales of, 188-9

Sketches of the Principles of Government (Nathaniel Chipman), 595

Sketch of the Present State of Our Political Relations with the United States of North-America (Jean Antoine Joseph Fauchet): TJ distributes, 11, 62

Skinner, Stephen: Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicanæ, 568-9, 570n

Skinner, Thomson J., 13-14, 363-4

Skiogstrom, Capt. (master of Nordiske Uäskape), 504n

Skipwith, Anne Wayles (Mrs. Henry Skipwith, TJ's sister-in-law): death, 69, 187, 214, 319

Skipwith, Elizabeth, 69, 187

Skipwith, Fulwar: letter from, 183-7
on U.S.-French relations, 183-7
letters from cited, 187n, 482n
accused of financial improprieties, 222, 246, 247n, 272
claim against U.S., 577-8

Skipwith, Henry (TJ's brother-in-law): and Short's business affairs, 52n, 318-19, 481, 494-5, 558
wife's death, 187, 319
and Wayles estate, 428-30n, 459, 467-70

Skipwith, Mary. See Randolph, Mary Skipwith

Skipwith, Sir Peyton: letter to, 517
letter from, 498
family of, 470n
and Short's finances, 498, 517

slavery: Short criticizes, ix, 148-53
and Christianity, 152
economics of slave v. free labor, 152
slaves' purchase of freedom, 153
Wayles's involvement in slave trade, 426-30
and power, masters, 434
incentives for emancipation, 441-2
and tenancy, 493
and U.S. Constitution, 535, 537-8, 545, 552
revolt in Haiti, 664, 665, 667
See also abolition

slaves: conduct of, viii-ix, 28, 592, 593
plant gardens for private use, viii, 385-6, 410
attempts to hire, 28, 29n, 328n
illness of, 28, 43, 406, 563
and theft at Monticello, 68-9, 79
weapons and altercations, 68
on frontier, killed by Indians, 141
population, in U.S., 150, 151
effects of forced mobility on, 152-3
and potential war with France, 184
Kosciuszko hopes to free, assist, 332-3
medical treatment for, 406
sold in Va., 428-30n
diet of, 461
duties of, 592, 593
See also Direct Tax (1798); Jefferson, Thomas: Slaveholder

sloths, 294-7

Small, Abraham, 644n

smallpox, 283

Smith, Mr.: associate of Cresap, 285-6

Smith, Adam: Wealth of Nations, 194n, 595

Smith, Capt. E. T., 659

Smith, Col. James, 511-12n

Smith, Nathaniel, 477, 483

Smith, Samuel (Maryland): letter to, 484-7
absent from Congress, 363-4
reports on newspaper attacks on TJ, 484-6
letter from cited, 486n
letter to cited, 486n
runs for reelection, 486n

Smith, Samuel Harrison: and APS, 36
mentioned, 115n

Smith, William Loughton, 565-7

Smith, William Stephens, 450n

Snead, Benjamin, 346

Snowden & McCorkle, 115n

soil: exhaustion of, 210-11

Sokolnicki, Michel, xlii

Somerville, John Southey, Lord: letters from, 376, 591-2
and British Board of Agriculture, 376, 457, 591
Facts and observations relative to sheep, wool, ploughs and oxen, 376n
identified, 376n

Sophia (ship): carries dispatches, 271
and U.S. envoys, 379, 381, 394, 396, 397, 648
returns to U.S., 449
Short to embark on, 577

Southall, Stephen, 179

South America: maps of, 212, 457

South Carolina: tobacco from, 623, 626, 668
and congressional elections of 1798, 643
public sentiment in, 665, 668

southern states: and prospective navigation act, 72-3, 92-4
and prospect of war with Spain, 126
and political power, parties, 173, 388-9, 432
fortification of harbors in, 182
congressmen from, leave Philadelphia, 281
rumors on invasion by black troops from W. Indies, 336n
loss of commerce, 348
republicanism in, 401-2
and refugees from Saint-Domingue, 441
and Alien and Sedition Acts, 649

Spain: prospects of war with U.S., 95, 115, 120, 126-7
expulsion of Moors from, 150
skin color of inhabitants, 151
allowed slaves to purchase freedom, 153
relations with France, 184
scientific research in, 232-4
T. Pinckney's nomination as envoy to, 319, 320n, 481
Britain interferes with trade, 408, 410, 666, 668, 669
protective of North American territories, 425-6n
rumors of peace talks with Britain, 449
U.S. relations with, 490, 634, 667
as market for U.S. tobacco, 633, 666, 668, 669
purchase of prize ships from, 636n
See also Short, William

Sparks, Jared, 226n

speech, freedom of: limits to, under British law, 60

Spicer, Henry, 77

Spotswood, Alexander: certificate for, 518
letters from cited, 518n
letters to cited, 518n

Sprigg, Richard, Jr.: resolution on inexpediency of war, 228n, 241, 245, 247, 263, 267, 268, 269-70, 275-6

Springer, Uriah, 39-40, 140

Stamp Act (1797): Congress postpones, vii, 7-8, 10
objections to, 156-8, 175, 664
TJ's views on impact of, 335, 340, 388, 661
anticipated revenue from, 447, 631, 634, 640, 663, 667
TJ's transactions affected by, 466n, 505, 526n
opinion of, in Va., 487n
act to amend, 672

Starke, Burwell, 469n

State, U.S. Department of: and XYZ dispatches, 166n
See also Pickering, Timothy
Randolph, Edmund

states: powers of, under Confederation Congress, 13
respectability of governments in, 111
impeachment extends to officers of, 126
impact on federal government, 163
divisions among, 388-9
interpretation, amendment of constitution, 434
and right to regulate immigration, 440-3
and levying of Direct Tax, 442
and selection of jurors, 567-8, 572-4
and Alien and Sedition laws, 589
Madison on powers of, 606
settlement of accounts with U.S., 678-9

Staunton, Va.: district court in, 254-5
sales of TJ's nails in, 398, 446, 527n
scarcity of cash in, 529, 563

staves: exported from N.C., 73

steam engines, 653-7

Steele, John (comptroller of treasury), 298, 411n, 525-6

Steele, John (Va.): appointed secretary of Miss. Terr., 281n, 323, 325, 326
and Va. politics, 325

Stephen, Adam, 136

Steuben, Friedrich Wilhelm, Baron von, 353

Stevenson, Andrew, 467n

Stevenson, George, 63

Stewart, John: TJ refers to as Tory, 63
reelected clerk of House of Delegates, 598, 602

stills: duties on foreign, 673

Stith, William: History of the First Discovery and Settlement of Virginia, 595

Stockbridge Indians, 86, 249n

stocks, six percent: Callender on, 188
price of, 298

Stockton, Richard: and XYZ affair, 324n
favors war with France, 364
in Senate debates, 471-2

Stoddert, Benjamin: appointed secretary of the navy, 325n
reports to House of Representatives, 631-2
orders warships to West Indies, 636n
report from Tingey, 659-60

stoves, 104, 105n, 132

Strange, James: and TJ's financial transactions, 609, 618, 629
letters from cited, 609n
letters to cited, 609n

Strange, Sir John: Reports of Adjudged Cases, 594

Stratton, Capt., 104

strawberries, 193, 249, 346

Strickland, William: letter to, 209-14
letter from, 455-8
exchanges seeds with TJ, 170, 209-13, 455-7
observes moldboard plow, 201
recommends TJ's moldboard plow, 207n, 224, 457
writes TJ, 214n
seeks information on ice caves, 455, 458n

Strode, John, 586n

Strother, French, 454

Stuart (Stewart), Archibald: letter to, 396-8
subscribes to newspaper, 354n
and TJ's business affairs, 398
forwards McDowell's note, 527

Stuart (Stewart), John, 293, 295

Suetonius Tranquillus, Gaius: Opera omnia quæ extant, 595

suffrage: and republican government, 433

Sullivan, James: letter from, 617-18
recommends B. Dearborn, 617-18
letter from cited, 618n

Sully, Thomas, 331n

Summary, Historical and Political, of the First Planting, Progressive Improvements, and Present State of the British Settlements in North-America (William Douglass), 595

Summary of the Law of Nations, Founded on the Treaties and Customs of the Modern Nations of Europe (Georg Friedrich von Martens): translated by Cobbett, 615-16

Sumter, Thomas, 665

Susquehanna Canal Company, 70

Susquehanna Valley, 5-6

Swabia: French depredations in, 525n

Swan, James, 222

Swanwick, John, 363-4

Sweden: coin presented to APS, 37n
relations with France, 47-8, 51-2, 245, 247, 248
and renewal of treaty with U.S., 182
and Short's finances, 241
and seizure of neutral vessels, 397

Sweet Springs (Greenbrier Co.), 533

Switzerland: revolutionary activity in, 66, 68
Helvetic Republic formed, 186, 187n
Kosciuszko's later residence, 196n
and relations with France, 584n

syphilis, 406

Systematical View of the Laws of England
As Treated of in a Course of Vinerian Lectures (Richard Wooddeson): TJ quotes from, 58-61

System of Short-Hand Practised by Mr. Thomas Lloyd, 237n

System of Surgery. Extracted from the works of Benjamin Bell (Nicholas B. Waters), 283

Tabulae Speciales Aberrationis et Nutationis (Franz Xavier von Zach), 162n

Tacitus, Cornelius: Agricola, 595
Germania, 595
works of, 595

Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de (Bishop of Autun): letter to Létombe, 7, 8n
relations with U.S. envoys, 11, 53, 219, 363-4, 365, 384, 391n, 417-19
and Wolcott's interception of letters, 187n
demands money from U.S. envoys, 250-1, 263, 267-8, 269, 391n
American opinions of, 274, 290
receives memorial from U.S. envoys, 335-6, 359-60
connections to X, Y, Z, 335n, 397
du Pont's report to, 380n
and G. Logan's mission, 386n, 577, 622, 624n, 627, 651n
encourages negotiation, 462-5, 485, 562, 648-9, 651n, 663
and unnamed XYZ woman, 524-5n
and Dutch proposal to mediate between U.S. and France, 611n
See also Gerry, Elbridge
XYZ affair

Tamerlane. See Timur (Timour Beg
Tammerlane)

Tandy, James Napper, 460n

tar: exported from N.C., 73

Tartars, 87

Tasker, Benjamin, 30

Tasso: in TJ's courses of reading, 597n

Tattnall, Josiah, 653

taverns, 43, 80, 111n

taxes: and Confederation Congress, 13
on TJ's land in Richmond, 104
proposed excise on imported clothing, 158-9
salt tax, 279, 281, 300, 305, 611n
in Britain, 457, 582, 584n
TJ calls excessive, 588-9
and political discontent, 610
expected revenues from federal, 623, 627, 631, 634, 640, 663, 667
per capita increase in federal, 631
increases in, 661
opposition to, for war preparation, 666n
collection of federal, 675-6
See also Direct Tax (1798)
Stamp Act (1797)

tax laws: and republican government, 433-4

Tayloe, John, 19

Taylor, Mr., 679

Taylor, George, Jr.: certificate for, 129
letter from cited, 129n
letter to cited, 129n

Taylor, John: letters to, 252-4, 387-90, 588-90, 641-2
letters from, 217-18, 347-8, 430-5, 601-2
correspondence with Monroe, 22n
TJ sends description of moldboard plow to, 207n
and seeding of clover, 208n
and T. Martin's patent, 217, 252-4, 387-90
TJ sends regards to, 242
views on union, 389-90n
on politics, political parties, 430-5, 601-2
and TJ's authorship of Ky. Resolutions, 530
and TJ's petition on jurors, 574n, 589-90
introduces Va. Resolutions, 590n
G. Jefferson forwards letter to, 592
and Va. Assembly, 598n
introduces bill to secure freedom of speech in Assembly, 602

Tazewell, Henry: letter to, 58-61
letters from, 440-3, 447-50, 597-8
and procedures for impeachment trials, 58-9, 62, 126, 162-3, 261, 615n
TJ sends regards to, 65
health, death of, 96, 597-8, 638, 641-2
Madison sends regards to, 96
and Jay Treaty, 155
opposes J. Q. Adams's appointment, 182
votes, acts in Senate, 229n, 445n
and TJ's conversation with T. Coxe, 293
and relations with France, 364
and right of states to regulate immigration, 440-3
and Sedition Act, 440, 447
and taxes on slaves, 441-2
and judiciary bill, 471
reelected to Senate, 598
successor in Congress for, 641-2
and Gerry's confirmation, 653

tea: duties on foreign, 673

tea chest, 461

telescopes, 160, 178, 609n

tenancy: high cost of house rent, 113
in Va., 148, 318, 493-4, 613, 639
relationship to slavery, 152, 493
and landlord's income, 492
TJ seeks farm tenants, 560, 586

Tennessee: early exploration of, 75, 76, 106-7, 139
mammoth remains in, 158, 159n
and U.S. laws, 679

Texas, 425-6n

textiles, 158

theft: at Monticello, 68-9, 79

Theodore, John: TJ's servant in Philadelphia, 436, 439, 585

Thomas, George, 6

Thompson, John (Philadelphia), 644n

Thornton, Edward, 227, 310

Thornton, Francis, 19

Thornton, Presley, 19

Thornton, William, xlii

Thornton, Col. William, 19

"Thrasybulus": rebuts "Scipio", 223

threshing machines: T. Martin's patent for, 217-18, 252-4, 347-9, 387-8
TJ's drawing of, 253

Thruston, Buckner, 512

Thugut, Franz Maria, Baron von, 449-50

Tichenor, Isaac, 10, 653

Tilghman, William, 293

Tillinghast, Thomas, 157n

Tilton, Daniel, 280-1, 323

timber: for use of tenant farmers, 639

Timbuktu. See Tombouctou (Timbuktu)

"Times
A Political Portrait": cartoon, xliii, 364 (illus.)

Timur (Timour Beg
Tammerlane), 458

Tingey, Thomas, 659-60

Tinsley, Peter, 622n

"Titus Manlius" (Alexander Hamilton), 246n, 323

tobacco: and individual cultivation by slaves, viii, 385-6, 410
TJ's dependence on, viii, 192, 412, 506, 588, 626, 669-70
price of, 10, 54, 56, 116, 128, 157, 158, 171, 192, 282, 318, 327, 349, 354, 365, 412, 588, 623, 626, 633, 660, 666
storage and inspection of, 27, 445-6, 452, 461, 467
shipment, sale of TJ's, 56, 181n, 218, 266, 282, 326, 337-8, 349, 357-8, 365, 372-4, 411-12, 413, 423, 441, 459, 560-1, 579, 592, 633, 660, 668, 669-70
exported from N.C., 73
French duties on, 124, 502n
as crop at Monticello, Poplar Forest, 145, 192, 312, 349, 385, 506, 669
T. M. Randolph seeks advice on sale of, 290
ruins land, 318
sold to English firms, 427, 428n, 469n
planters of, require nails, 527
as major crop in Va., 558-9
Spain as market for U.S., 633, 666, 668, 669

Tom (TJ's slave), 43

Tombouctou (Timbuktu): and European explorations in Africa, 154n

Tomlinson, Benjamin, 135-7, 142

Tomlinson, Nathaniel, 102, 138

Tone, Theobald Wolfe, 460n

tonnage duties, 84

"To the respectable Freeholders and other citizens of the county of Caroline" (Edmund Pendleton), 661-2

Toulmin, Harry, 555n

Toulon, France: French expedition departs from, 400n, 443, 458n
ships from, join French fleet at Brest, 449

Tousard (Touzard), Anne Louis de, 507-9

Toussaint-Louverture: relations with U.S., 635-7, 640, 663, 665, 667
leads Haitian independence movement, 637n

Townsend, Capt., 146

Townson, Robert: Travels in Hungary, With a Short Account of Vienna in the Year 1793, 455, 458n

Tracy, Uriah: "Scipio" essays by, 11-12, 57, 87, 96
and procedures for impeachment trials, 58, 62
fails to attend Washington's birthday celebration, 156
criticizes House of Representatives, 176
debate, motions in Senate, 228, 680
favors war with France, 364, 437
opposes adjournment of Congress, 417
and Gerry's confirmation, 653

Traité élémentaire de chimie, présenté dans un ordre nouveau et d'après les découvertes modernes (Antoine Laurent Lavoisier), 594

Traveller's Pocket Farrier (Henry Bracken), 69

Travels in Hungary, With a Short Account of Vienna in the Year 1793 (Robert Townson), 455, 458n

Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa (Mungo Park), 154n

Travels through the United States of North America, the Country of the Iroquois, and Upper Canada (Duc de La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt), 488-9

Treadwell, John, 353

treason: under British law, 60-1
in early version of sedition bill, 437, 443-4, 445n
as crime during war, 441
and congressional privilege, 620n

Treasury, U.S. Department of the: Congress publishes statements of, 238, 240n
See also Wolcott, Oliver, Jr.

treaties: and House appropriations, 41n
U.S. abrogation of, with France, 364, 379, 418-19, 422, 678
laws subsequent to, 379
expenditures for, 634, 667

Treatise of Tenures (Sir Geoffrey Gilbert), 594

Treatise on Government (John Locke), 595

Treatise on Rents (Sir Geoffrey Gilbert), 594

Tree of Liberty (Pittsburgh, Pa.), 286n

trees: varieties of, planted at Monticello, 193, 312
and restoration of soil, 210-11

Trenton, N.J.: as refuge from yellow fever, 526n, 585n

Trigg, John: lends money to J. Beckley, 278, 407
letter to cited, 407n

Trist, Elizabeth House, 396, 628

Trist, Hore Browse: travels to, plans to settle in Albemarle Co., 26, 114, 167, 231, 236, 396
and T. M. Randolph, 177, 406, 421

Tronchin, Jean Armand: letter to, 122-3
and foreign creditors' recovery of funds in U.S., 122-3

Troup, Robert, 300, 301n

Trumbull, John: visits Kosciuszko, xl

Tucker, Frances Bland Randolph, 151

Tucker, Lelia Skipwith Carter, 470

Tucker, St. George: letters to, 342-3, 470
letter from, 321-2
and TJ's account of Logan's speech, 321-2, 328, 342
invited to Monticello, 470

Tumblestone. See Tomlinson, Nathaniel

Turgot, Anne Robert Jacques: Réflexions sur la formation et la distribution de richesses, 595

Turkey. See Ottoman Empire

Turner, George: and APS, 39-40n, 159n
calls on TJ in Philadelphia, 39
letter from cited, 39n

turpentine: exported from N.C., 73

Tyler, John, 329

Union (ship), 504n

United Brethren. See Moravians

United Irishmen, Society of, 460n


United States

Agriculture
impact of foreign policy on, 123-4

Army
augmentation of, vii, 614, 635
Washington's appointment, vii, 440, 443n, 445, 448
arms and ammunition for, 228, 229n, 280n, 673-4
bill for marine corps, 276
cost of, 280n, 398, 616
new regiments, 280n, 348, 409n, 442-3, 444, 445n, 610, 674
appointments, 302n, 448, 450n
opposition to augmentation of, 348, 610, 661-2, 664
views on standing army, 348, 621, 646, 666n
appropriations, expenditures for, 409n, 623, 627, 631, 634, 640, 663, 667-8, 675, 678
obligation to fund, 471
leadership of, 612n
organization of, 675, 679
military hospitals, 679
See also United States: Congress, Fifth (4 Mch. 1797-3 Mch. 1799); McHenry, James

Confederation Congress
threats to authority of, 13-14

Congress, First (4 Mch. 1789-3 Mch. 1791)
meets in N.Y., 175

Congress, Fourth (4 Mch. 1795-3 Mch. 1797)
defense of democratic societies in, 565-7

Congress, Fifth (4 Mch. 1797-3 Mch. 1799)
and arming of merchant vessels, vii, 10, 11n, 88-9, 111, 170, 181, 183, 189-90, 217, 228-9n, 239, 279, 339, 676
little business in, vii, 26, 115, 128, 157, 161, 171
and bill giving currency to foreign coins, 8, 10, 671
prospects for adjournment, 22, 166, 169, 182, 190, 194, 214-15, 227, 235, 240, 248, 268, 284, 305, 323, 327, 336, 354-5, 381, 408-9, 411, 412, 417-18, 447-8, 450n
Blount impeachment, 35, 56, 84-5, 87, 91n, 117, 127n, 176, 614-16, 619n
relations with France, 48, 52, 174n, 281, 414-15
party divisions in, 111, 116-17, 191, 263, 267, 268, 270, 441, 471-3, 634-5
relations with Adams, 174n, 368, 471-2, 604-6
appropriations bill, 176
and TJ's notes on parliamentary procedure, 180
act and supplement to provide additional armament for the further protection of trade, 228, 229n, 284, 299, 304, 311, 408-10, 471-2, 673, 676-8
bill for purchase of foundries and arms, 228, 229n, 673, 674
addresses, petitions to, 229n, 279, 305, 311, 322-4, 344, 665-6
military preparations against France, 232, 241-2, 442-3, 444, 445n, 447, 610, 614, 622-3, 627, 631, 640-1, 663
prints statement on exports, 240n
act and supplement authorizing president to raise provisional army, 299, 300-1n, 304, 323, 326, 327, 331, 335-6, 341, 344-5, 353-4, 359, 360, 363, 365, 386, 442-3, 444, 445n, 447, 472-3, 674-5, 677
act to establish Navy Department, 300, 304, 673, 674
efforts to render session permanent, 353-4, 365, 367, 368, 394
as venue for defense of TJ, 361
act to protect commerce and coasts, 363-4, 365, 379, 381, 404, 675, 677
act to abrogate treaties with France, 364, 379, 381, 394-5, 396, 418-19, 422, 437, 445n, 678
act to suspend commercial intercourse between the U.S. and France, 379-80, 393-4, 405, 408, 410, 676, 679
act, appropriations for artillerists and engineers, 409n, 674, 678
act concerning frauds on Bank of the U.S., 418-19, 531, 536, 542n, 544, 550, 676
and bill authorizing president to prevent or regulate the landing of French passengers, 438-9, 440-3
and appropriations for diplomatic corps, 471, 672, 674
and Judiciary Law of 1789, 568, 589-90
opening of 3d session of, 585
and unconstitutional laws, 601
act to increase and equip navy, 616-17, 665, 668
and Logan Act, 622, 624n, 627, 630-1, 662, 665, 667
act to continue suspension of intercourse with France, 636-7n, 665, 667, 679
and trade with Saint-Domingue, 640, 663
and E. Pendleton's address, 661
act giving eventual authority to president to augment army, 665-6, 679

Congress, Sixth (4 Mch. 1799-3 Mch. 1801)
elections, 497

Courts
chief justice, 257
federal judiciary in impeachments, 258
and Kosciuszko's wills, 333n
fail to meet in Va., 385
Wayles estate suits, 427-30, 467-70
Senate bills on courts, 471, 472n, 673, 674
and Alien Friends Act, 538, 546, 552
and selection of jurors, 567-8

Economy
cost of labor, housing, 10, 113
impact of bankruptcies, 10, 54, 123
supply of money, capital, 10, 113, 183
British and French policies hinder U.S. shipping, 90, 94, 110, 124, 125-6, 128, 163-4, 170, 181, 315-16, 334
and threat of war, internal disorder, 123-4, 232, 241, 254, 281, 283, 397, 476
and Britain, 148, 528
and French actions against neutral shipping, 165, 490
condition of stocks, U.S. securities, 298, 330-1, 476, 478
plight of farmers, 405
relationship of land, other investments, 478, 492
exports to France, 502-3n

Executive
call for limitation of terms, 41n
and appointments, 54n, 83, 182n
and U.S. diplomats, 54n, 89
influence on foreign relations, 95, 183-4, 239-40, 311, 348
and impeachment, 163
powers of, 256-62, 300-1n, 323, 386, 440-3, 471, 472-3n, 538, 540-1, 542n, 545-6, 547-8, 552-4, 677
and military, 445, 471-3
potential life term, hereditary succession in office, 560, 646

Government
on consultation between congressmen and constituents, vii, 190, 194, 227, 229n, 240, 322-3, 326
and procedures for presidential elections, 54, 55n
and balance of power between executive and legislature, 98-100, 193, 212, 239-40, 241, 256-62, 379, 431, 471-3
degraded in Lyon-Griswold affair, 111
danger of unqualified support of, 157n
stability of, 213
and war powers, 275, 280
and control of the press, 324, 326
constitutional role of Congress, 539-40, 547-8
potential for constitutional abuses, 560
criticism of considered seditious, 576
and power to borrow money, 589
congressmen exempt from impeachment, 614-16

House of Representatives
Lyon-Griswold affair, viii, 87-8, 90, 111, 115-16, 117, 133, 164, 165, 227, 241
and convening of Congress during epidemics, 10, 11n
party divisions in, 10, 53, 169, 242, 301n, 323, 401-2, 444, 445n
and president, Senate, 22, 176
and appropriations for treaties, 41n, 155
and Legaux's vineyard, 42
foreign intercourse bill, 53, 54n, 56, 126, 304n, 471
and disputed presidential elections, 54
and Madison's resolutions on Report on Commerce, 84, 92-4
on equality of treatment for Britain and France, 95, 267-8
and relations with France, 120, 245
call for papers from president, 166n, 239, 240n, 245-6, 395n
authorizes Bank of the U.S., 173
Federalist tradeoffs in, 173
impact of president's message of 19 Mch., 189-90, 193-4
Sprigg's resolution on expediency of war with France, 227, 228n, 231-2, 241, 263, 267, 268, 269-70
resolution on coastal protection and internal defense, 228n
petitions to, 241-2, 290, 441, 443n, 518n
power to override vetoes, 257
absence of members, 279, 281, 299, 305, 311, 341, 344, 363-4, 365, 378-9, 394, 441
report on cost of defense measures, 279-80
Federalist strength in, 281, 283-4, 305, 379, 414-15
proposals to raise revenues in, 300, 304-5, 323, 326
Harper attacks TJ in speech, 302-4
and letters to constituents, 322-3, 324n, 326, 574n
and protection of trade, 363-4, 365
and possible charges against Monroe, 415
accusations against Republicans in, 417-19
considers land claims for military service, 518n
Callender reports on debates in, 565-7
and election of 1800, 597n
response to president's annual address, 606-7
resolution on British impressment of U.S. seamen, 611n, 613
privileges of members, 619-20
and G. Logan's mission to France, 622, 624n, 627, 630-1
bill for establishing uniform system of bankruptcy, 623-4, 627
receives information from Wolcott, 624n
Report (in part) of the Committee, 631-2
and printing of Gerry's correspondence, 636n
and Haitian independence movement, 637n

Navy
establishment of, vii, 299, 300, 304, 673, 674
sentiments against, 65, 646, 664, 666n
and convoys, 173
galleys proposed, 173, 674-5, 677
proposals for coast guard, 173, 181
cost of, 279-80, 397, 661-2, 663, 665
augmentation of, 284, 299, 311, 408-9, 410, 444, 447, 471, 472n, 605, 610, 614, 616, 635, 665, 668, 676-8
appointment of secretary, 324, 325n, 326
expenditures for, 326, 623, 627, 631, 634, 640, 663-4, 667-8
revenue cutters for, 616-17n, 675
cruises West Indies, 631, 636n, 640, 659-60, 664, 665
franking privilege for secretary, 677
military hospitals, 679

Politics
consideration of taxes postponed during elections, 10
and proposed navigation act, 92-4
agricultural-mercantile divisions, 316
political parties, 388-9
J. Page on party spirit, 419-21
need for moderation, 478-9, 491
foreign affairs as means to domestic tyranny, 586

Public Finance
appropriations bill, 176
interest on public debt, 281, 300, 616, 623, 631
expected revenues and expenditures, 408-9, 447, 581-2, 623, 631, 634, 640, 663, 667-8
$5 million loan, 410-11, 447, 581, 623, 627, 631, 634, 640, 663-4, 665, 668
expenses of civil list, 616, 631, 634, 640, 663, 667
president authorized to borrow money, 666
settlement of accounts with states, 678-9

Public Opinion
on arming merchant vessels, 111, 116
and Stamp Act, 156-7, 175
and British countervailing acts, 163-4
on prospect of war with France, 191, 227-8, 241-2, 254, 279, 391n, 484-5, 586, 641n
on France and French, 221, 414-15, 437n, 438-9, 464, 465
and XYZ affair, 250-1, 268, 275, 319, 335, 339, 341, 344, 348, 359-60, 416, 559-60, 648, 649, 664, 665-6
restraints on communication, 289
Republicans and, 302-3
will unite in case of war, 316, 319, 340, 342-3, 416
TJ predicts revulsion against war preparations and tax increases, 340, 397-8, 528, 623, 661-2, 663-4, 668
apathy of, 348
TJ thinks most Americans agree with him, 432, 647
inflamed partisan feeling, 489
and G. Logan's trip to France, 497, 501n
government out of touch, 497
Federalists manipulate, 528, 648, 659-60
and Alien and Sedition Acts, 559-60
effect of sedition prosecutions, 586
regard for Kosciuszko, 591
against British corruption, 641n

Public Works
arsenal at Harpers Ferry, 224-5
fortifications at Norfolk, 523-4, 562

Senate
in opposition to House, 22
and potential changes of term, 41n, 560, 646
party divisions in, 53, 444, 445n
procedures for impeachment trials, 53, 54n, 58-9, 61-2, 87, 90, 91, 111-12, 121, 126-7, 162-3, 608n, 674
and disputed presidential elections, 54
Address from Samuel Sitgreaves, 85
scope of impeachment power and impeachability of members, 87, 90, 126, 127n, 163
Adams's views on, 113, 126
Emendations to the Senate Journal, 121
journal, emendations to journal, 121, 127n, 440, 443n
divisions between north and south in, 126
role in maintenance of republic, 126, 615-16
slowed by House opposition to Jay Treaty, 155
and appropriations bill, 176
and executive appointments, 182, 257, 280-1, 319, 320n, 323-5, 440, 443n, 450n, 481, 578, 653
and treaties, 182, 190, 471
powers of, 256-62
presiding officer of, 256-9
as aristocratic feature of the government, 257-9
resignations and appointments to, 300, 302n, 305, 353
and attacks on TJ in House, 302
prints documents, 336n, 391n, 419n, 443n, 636n, 673, 679
attendance at, absences from, 353, 441, 597-8, 675
weakness of republican principles in, 401-2
elects president pro tem, 437
detained for executive business, 448
judiciary bills, 471, 472n, 673, 674
lack of business in, 605, 607, 610
response to president's annual address, 606-7
role of vice president in Senate address to president, 608n
and G. Logan's mission, 610-11, 679
Resolution on William Blount, 618-19
and Pickering's report on Gerry's correspondence, 636n
and death of Tazewell, 638, 642
rituals of mourning in, 638n
notations by TJ on documents, 671-80
compensation for clerks, officers, 673
admittance to floor of, 675
motion to adjourn, 676
See also Jefferson, Thomas: Vice President

Society
Niemcewicz comments on "Yankis", 506, 508

United States (U.S. frigate), 271, 636n

Van Cortlandt, Philip, 9, 299

Vans, William, 273

Van Staphorst, Jacob: letter to, 378
letter from, 461-2
and charges against Monroe, Skipwith, 222-3
and Kosciuszko, 377, 378, 416, 461-2, 504

Van Staphorst & Hubbard: letters to, 315-17, 320-1
letter from, 503-4
branch in Paris, 292
and Kosciuszko's funds, 292, 320-1, 416, 461-2, 498n
and Dutch speculations in U.S., 315-16, 503
TJ's bonds to, 315-17, 503
handle correspondence, 482, 496
See also Willink, Van Staphorst & Hubbard

Varina (Randolph estate), 27-8, 350

Varlé, Peter Charles: letter from, 70-1
papers for APS, 70
plan to counter yellow fever, 70-1
identified, 70n

Varnum, Joseph Bradley, 442

Vatican. See Pius VI, Pope

Vattel, Emmerich de: Le Droit des Gens, 594

Vaughan, Benjamin, 131

Vaughan, John, 297n, 656n, 677

Vaughan, Sir John: Reports and Arguments, 594

Vegetable Staticks (Stephen Hales), 594

Venice: and Treaty of Campoformio, 12n
fleet controlled by France, 443, 449
embassy in London, 509n
and relations with France, 584n

Venus (planet): 1769 transit of, 160, 162n

Vermont: elections in, 10, 584n, 610
protests against stamp tax in, 156-7
selection of jurors in, 575n
prosecutions under Sedition Act, 576
shows support for M. Lyon, 610-12

Vernon, Thomas: Cases Argued and Adjudged, 594

Vertot, René Aubert de: History of the Revolutions in Spain, 595

Vesey (Vezey), Francis: Cases Argued and Determined, 594

vetch, winter: TJ exchanges seed of, with Strickland, 170, 210, 455-6
identified as ononis by T. M. Randolph, 211-12, 214n, 455-6

Vienna: inaccurate news from, 625n, 627, 631

View of the Conduct of the Executive (James Monroe). See Monroe, James

View of the Soil and Climate of the United States of America (Constantin François Chasseboeuf Volney), 82n

Villette, Reine Philiberte Rouph de Varicourt, Marquisse de, 523, 524-5n

vineyards, 42

Virgil: new French edition of works of, 154n, 277n, 577, 578n


Virginia

Agriculture
condition of crops in, 27, 176, 276
May wheat in, 198
tobacco in, 318, 558-9, 626
and possibility of war with France, 381
and plants from Europe, 456

British Invasions
and hostility against Britain, 62
effect on state records, 342
under commands of Leslie and Arnold, 518

Constitution
calls for revision of, 41n

Courts
courts of chancery, 179, 413-14
Federal court fails to meet in, 385
and selection of jurors, 568, 572-4, 576
presentment against S. Cabell, 574n
TJ's suit against Henderson heirs, 621-2, 669
Court of Appeals, 662n

Description
boundaries, 162n
ice caves, 455

Economy
difficulty of landed estates in, 15-16
western land claims, 18-20
and farm tenancy, 148, 560, 586, 613, 639
Green Sea land investments, 318, 337, 351-2, 411, 459, 481, 496
sale, investments in land, 318, 493, 613, 629, 639
share of Direct Tax to be raised in, 397-8
transportation, sale of slaves, 428-30n
regional variation in land prices, 493-4
canals, 523-4, 561-2
employment in, 558-9
influx of tobacco money, 623, 626
See also James River Company

Education and Science
lack of emphasis upon education, 558-9
act for establishment of schools, 573-5

Federal Convention
Va. issues call for, 13

General Assembly
crowded living conditions during sessions, 43
on election of state printer, 57-8, 89
called republican, 63, 89
and Va. Resolutions, 532, 534, 590, 606-7
and TJ's petition on jurors, 567-8, 571-5, 576, 589-90, 602
and Prince Edward Co. petition, 582
and election of U.S. senators, 598, 641-2
and declaring U.S. laws unconstitutional, 601-2
bill to secure freedom of debate in, 602
adjournment, 642n
memorial from Caroline Co., 662n

House of Delegates
and TJ's grand jury petition, 22, 40-1, 57, 255-62, 574n
debates selling church lands, 40-1
proposal for amendments to U.S. Constitution, 40-1, 54
members, 280, 287n, 290
election of speaker and clerk for, 598, 602

Indians
tribes, 19-20, 564
acquisition of lands from, 322, 342

Laws
Statute for Establishing Religious Freedom, 41n, 532
and Kosciuszko's will, 333n
enforcement of, 558

Militia
and Dunmore's War, 76, 310n, 513-14
called "big knifes", 306, 308-9
political support for, 351n
called to meet invasion of Va. in 1780, 518

Politics
and Madison's resolutions on Report on Commerce, 93
absence of party division in, 99
republicanism in, 169
and party alignments in House of Representatives, 193-4
Latrobe and, 224-6
Republican dinner for Monroe, 225, 226n
elections in, 242, 442, 524, 636-7, 643
Va. Republicans absent from Congress, 279, 299, 305, 311, 341, 344, 363, 394
career of J. Steele, 325
and disagreements among states, 388-9
Republicans in, 401-2, 438n, 641
and prospect of war with France, 485
Federalist activity in, 521-3, 524, 525n
and creation of Ky. Resolutions, 531-2
and death of Tazewell, 641-2

Public Finance
depreciated payments to treasury, 426-7

Public Opinion
opposition to Alien and Sedition Acts and taxes, 156-7, 487n, 665-6
and XYZ affair, 289-90, 311, 351, 365, 485, 487n, 524-5, 582-3, 584n, 661-2, 668
fear executive power to raise volunteer army, 386

Society
postal service in, 9-11, 26-7, 56, 88, 117, 192, 235, 282, 325, 338, 357, 381, 626-7, 628-9, 637, 642, 667
racial problems, 149-53
new penitentiary, 225
travelers to Europe from, 437-8
Du Pont de Nemours considers moving to Va., 502
as safe political asylum, 528

Weather
T. M. Randolph's diary, 27, 80
at Montpelier, 41, 117, 164, 176, 276, 289-90, 334, 348-9, 360, 368, 384, 571, 619

Virginia, Governor of. See Dunmore, John Murray, fourth Earl of
Wood, James

Virginia, University of, 570n

Virginia Argus (Richmond), 124-5

Virginia Gazette (Dixon and Hunter): publishes Logan's speech, 39n, 321-2, 328
successor to Purdie and Dixon paper, 321

Virginia Gazette and General Advertiser (Richmond): and annual election of state printer, 57
rebuts "Scipio", 223
prints attack on Monroe, 403-4
See also Davis, Augustine

Virginia Herald (Fredericksburg), 383-4

Voight, Henry, 644n

Voight, Sebastian, 644n

Volney, Constantin François Chasseboeuf: target of Alien Act, vii, xliii, 319, 360-2, 381
studies Miami language, 82n
View of the Soil and Climate of the United States of America, 82n
discussions with Directory, 196n
as target of Federalist legislation, 300, 323, 326
departs for France, 319, 376, 393, 396
TJ defends, 326
carries letters, 376, 378, 383, 416
seeks to prevent war between U.S. and France, 379-80
meets Nolan, 426n

Voltaire, François Marie Arouet: historical works of, 595

Voyage dans les États-Unis d'Amérique (Duc de La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt), 488-9, 497n

Voyage du jeune Anacharsis en Grèce (Abbé Jean Jacques Barthélemy), 595

Voyages de la Nouvelle France (Samuel de Champlain): TJ lends to Pickering, 284, 313, 341, 345-6

Vredenburgh, E., 466-7n

Wabash River, 213, 308

Wadström, Carl Bernhard: Essay on Colonization, 149

wagons: at Monticello, 114, 249
for transportation of goods, 167, 193, 220

Wakatomica (Waketameki, Wapatomica): Shawnee town, 137, 138, 307

Walker, Elizabeth Moore (Mrs. John Walker), 367

Walker, Francis: in TJ's accounts with G. Jefferson, 12, 375
elected to Va. Assembly, 290

Walker, James, 352

Walker, John, 88, 367

Walker, Tabitha (Tabby), 367

Walker, Thomas, 613n

Walker & Kennedy, 374

Walker family, 475

Waller, Benjamin Carter: and Wayles estate debt, 242-3, 413, 423, 459

Waln, Robert, 229n

Wappatomachee. See Wakatomica (Wake-

tameki, Wapatomica)

Wardlaw, William, 406, 466n

Wardrop, James, 19

Warre, John Tyndale, 428-30n

Washington, Augustine, 19

Washington, Bushrod: retires from law practice, 89, 621
represents Wayles estate, 470n
runs for Congress, 524, 525n
Reports of Cases, 594


Washington, George

American Revolutionary War
correspondence from published by J. Carey, 237n

Commander in Chief, 1798-1799
appointed, vii, 440, 443n, 445, 448
depicted in cartoon, xliii, 364 (illus.)
meets with officers in Philadelphia, 611n

Confederation Congress
refuses to join plan to overthrow, 13

Personal Affairs
honorary French citizen, 196n
and Niemcewicz, 369, 371, 399-400
visits Federal District, 369, 371

Politics
and Odgen, 587n

President
criticizes Monroe's conduct, 83, 402, 404n
compared with Adams, 117, 384, 405, 415
and Jay Treaty, 184, 240n
Monroe refuses to toast, 246, 247n
relations with France, 254, 304n, 338, 359-60
nomination of T. Pinckney, 319, 320n, 481
criticized by Short, 488, 491-2
Farewell Address, 491
Callender attacks, 522n
response to new edition of forged letters, 581, 584n

Relations with Jefferson
TJ declines to attend ball, 132

Retirement
birthday celebrations, 112, 132, 156, 175, 221
lack of communication with Adams, 248, 384
and XYZ affair, 384
popularity of, 388

Washington, Henry Augustine: Works of Jefferson, 530-1

Washington, Lawrence, 19

Washington, Martha Dandridge Custis: portrait by Field mentioned, xxxix
entertains, 132
visits granddaughters in Federal District, 369, 371

Washington Co., Pa.: and Republican politics, 286n
residents attack Indians, 306n

watches, 16, 481, 577, 578

Waters, Capt. (master of Pomona), 147

Waters, Nicholas B.: Bell's System of Surgery, 283

Watson, David, 114

Watson, John: and postal service at Milton, Va., 56, 626-7
handles shipments for TJ, 167
letters from cited, 627n
letters to cited, 627n

Watson, Robert: History of Philip the Second, 595
History of Philip the Third, 595

Watt, James, 654-6

Wawiaton Indians. See Wea (Ouiatanon) Indians

Wayles, John (TJ's father-in-law): slave trade venture, 426-30
tobacco crops, 427, 428n, 469n
indebted to Hanbury firm, 467-70

Wayles estate: payment of claims against, 218, 242-3, 357-8, 411-12, 413, 423, 459, 470-1, 560-1
claim of Farell & Jones, 317n, 426-30
and Prince of Wales case, 427-30
Declaration of Hanbury's Executor against Wayles's Executors, 467-70

Wayne, Anthony, 82n

Wea (Ouiatanon) Indians, 81, 86

wealth: and equality, taxation, 434

Wealth of Nations (Adam Smith), 194n, 595

Webster, Noah, 577n

Weeaw Indians. See Wea (Ouiatanon)

Indians

Weiser, Johann Conrad, 20, 31-2, 309

Welch (Welsh), Wakelin, Jr.: and Wayles estate debt, 218, 242-3, 411-12, 413, 423, 459, 470-1, 560-1

Wells, William, 82n

West, Benjamin: portrait of Kosciuszko, xl-xli, 364 (illus.)
"Fright of Astyanax", xli-xlii, 364 (illus.)

West Augusta, District of (Va.), 513

West Indies: market for N.C. products, 73
suspension of U.S. shipments to, 283
British seize American vessels in, 395n
and slave trade, 428

West Indies, British: Jamaica convoy, 443, 445n

West Indies, French: restrictions on U.S. trade, 267
privateering against American ships, 335-6, 380n, 462n, 489, 490, 499, 635, 659-60
U.S. Navy patrols, 631, 635, 636n, 640, 659-60, 664, 665

West Indies, Spanish, 490

Wetherill, Samuel, 229n

Wetmore, William, 280-1

Wharton, Charles: and payment to Lisbon, 466, 505
letter to cited, 466n

Wharton, Samuel. See Baynton, Wharton & Morgan

wheat: price of, viii, 10, 54, 56, 116, 128, 157, 158, 170-1, 282, 283, 357, 374, 626, 660, 668
poor crop of, in Va., 27, 41, 117, 176, 192, 276
sold by TJ, 27-8, 56, 104-5, 633
exported from N.C., 73
May, sent to Britain, 104, 132, 180-1, 192, 198, 265-6, 310, 337, 350, 375, 387, 591
in TJ's crop rotation plan, 210-11
unsalable, 282, 283, 305, 354, 409
of declining importance to TJ, 506

Wheeling (Wheelan), Fort: and Dunmore's War, 75-6, 139, 513-14

Whig Club of England: commissions portrait of Kosciuszko, xl
presents saber to Kosciuszko, xl, 399, 400, 416, 498

whigs: Republicans referred to as, 156, 175, 212-13, 227, 269-70

White, Alexander, 228, 455

White, Anthony Walton, 331n

White, Margaret Ellis, 331n

White Eyes (Delaware Indian), 307, 310n

Whitehead, Mary. See Cresap, Mary Whitehead

Whitten, L., 579-80, 603

Whitten, W., 603

Wiatonon Indians. See Wea (Ouiatanon) Indians

Wiatt (Wyatt), William, 9, 11n

Wickham, John: letters to, 218, 413, 470-1
letters from, 242-3, 423, 459
handles TJ's payments to Welch, 218, 242-3, 411-12, 413, 423, 459, 470-1, 560-1
as counsel in Wayles estate suits, 467-70

Wieser, Conrod. See Weiser, Johann Conrad

Wilkes, John, 620

Wilkins, Charles, 482

Wilkins, Jane (Jenny) Short, 481-2, 577, 578n

Wilkinson, James: elected to APS, 159n
and Nolan, 425-6n, 521
in Spanish employ, 425n

Willett, Charles, 617n

William and Mary, College of: Munford at, viii, 596n
S. T. Mason studies at, 13n
TJ studies at, 234
See also Madison, Bishop James

Williams, Jonathan, 159n, 656n

Williams, William Peere: Reports of Cases, 594

Williamson, Hugh: letter to, 93-4
letters from, 72-3, 158-9
and navigation acts, 72-3, 92-4
and N.C. exports, 72-3
TJ's notes for letter to, 92-3
proposes excise tax on imported cloth, 158-9
and APS, 159n
letter to cited, 159n

Willich, A. F. M.: Domestic Encyclopædia, 207n

Willing, Thomas: letter to, 132
manager of Washington ball, 132

Willink, Van Staphorst & Hubbard: and Kosciuszko's affairs, 196n, 454n
See also Van Staphorst & Hubbard

Willis, Lewis, 101, 103n

Wilson, James, 173, 352

Winder, William, Jr., 10

wine: in TJ's accounts, 436
imported from France, 502n
bill for collecting duties on foreign, 673

Wirt, William, 333n

Wise, John: letter to, 98-100
letter from, 63-4
TJ refers to as Tory, 63-4, 98-100
identified, 64n
reelected speaker of Va. House of Delegates, 598, 602

Wistar, Caspar: on APS standing committee, 159n
encourages Heckewelder's work, 265n
and Palisot de Beauvois, 297n
family, 509n

Wistar, Richard, 507, 508

witchcraft, 59

Wolcott, Oliver, Jr.: and government's financial condition, 10
attends Washington's birthday celebration, 156
and Stamp Act, Direct Tax, 157n, 624n
prospects for continuing in office, 173, 182
intercepts correspondence, 186-7n, 436
and payments to Kosciuszko, 195-6, 454, 497-8
and charges against Monroe, Skipwith, 221-2
sends reports, statements to Congress, 240n, 632n
submits draft for president's annual address, 611n

women: Indian, as victims of white violence, 4, 39, 102, 103, 135, 288n, 306-8, 514
in danger along frontier, 76, 135, 138
white, killed by Indians, 77, 138
and domestic violence, 136
warrior chastised for being like, 138
effects of slavery on families, 152
advantages of freeing female slaves, 153
threaten not to attend levees, 156
should be strangers to politics, 355, 607
and pregnancy, childbirth, 367, 599, 610

wood: pine, for flooring at Monticello, 269-71

Wood, James: letter to, 642
and TJ's account of Logan's speech, 38
TJ refers to as Tory, 63
receives news of Tazewell's death, 642

Wood, Lucy, Jr.: TJ pays for hire of slaves, 29n, 103
letter from cited, 105n
letter to cited, 105n

Wood, Lucy Henry (Mrs. Valentine Wood): TJ pays for hire of slaves, 28-30, 103, 220
letter from cited, 105n
letters to cited, 105n
TJ's payment to, 179
in TJ's accounts with G. Jefferson, 375

Wood, William: hires out slaves, 28, 30n, 328n

Wooddeson, Richard: A Systematical View of the Laws of England
As Treated of in a Course of Vinerian Lectures, 58-61

Woodward, Joseph, 499, 501n

Works of Thomas Jefferson (Henry Augustine Washington): and Ky. Resolutions, 530-1

Wyandot Indians, 81

Wynne, John Huddleston: General History of Ireland, 595

Wythe, George: Decisions of Cases, 594

XYZ affair: news of envoys awaited, vii, 7, 25, 29, 36, 53, 56, 57, 66, 67, 88, 94-5, 100-1, 110, 111, 115, 123, 125, 128, 157, 158, 161, 165
seems to vindicate Federalist predictions, vii
"Cinque-Tetes" cartoon, xxxix-xl, 364 (illus.)
depicted as fever, delusion, xxxix, 384, 559-60, 588, 635, 664, 665-7, 668
TJ's opinions on, xxxix-xl, 165, 250-1, 267-8, 269-70, 290, 322-3, 326, 335, 344, 363, 365, 635, 648, 652n
"not six pence" retort, xl
envoys arrive in Paris, 7-9, 11
envoys' relations, negotiations with Talleyrand, 11, 53, 219, 363-4, 365, 384, 391n, 397, 417-19
prospects, reception of envoys in Paris, 35-6, 40, 46, 50, 64-5, 66, 67
envoys' communications published in April, 99n, 245-6, 247, 250-1, 252, 263-4, 266-70, 283-4, 289, 302, 324n, 326, 329, 330n, 331, 333-5, 348, 648, 651n
Marshall, Gerry keep journals, 99n, 643
French assessments of, reactions to U.S. envoys, 119, 174n, 185, 219, 397
congressional, executive responses, 165-6, 245-6, 275, 311, 363-4, 365, 379, 406, 582
first dispatches received, printed, 165-6, 168, 170
instructions to envoys, 166n, 264n, 266-9, 283, 289, 338, 396, 397, 418, 421-2, 444, 525n, 673
president announces failure of mission to France, 166n, 189-90
envoys' conduct criticized, 174n, 185-6, 329, 339, 490-1, 643n
influence of envoys on U.S. policy, 174n
France wants loans, 184, 391n, 464, 465, 524-5n
rumored intrigues of Marshall, C. C. Pinckney, 185
agents approach U.S. envoys, 250-1, 339, 397, 523
Talleyrand, agents demand payment, 250-1, 263, 267-8, 269
agents identified, 251n
agents depicted as swindlers unauthorized by French government, 263, 266-7, 269, 290, 311, 334-5n, 339, 397
envoys' dispatches received, published, 263-4, 281, 289, 290, 329, 363
envoys reveal French demands, 263-4, 266-7, 268, 269
and Philadelphia, 268, 335-6, 341-2, 344-5, 353, 359
Adams sends letter, Sophia for envoys, 271, 379, 381, 394, 396, 397, 449, 648
C. Humphreys sent for envoys, 271, 648
envoys' disposition toward France, 274, 368, 643, 647, 649
responses to publication of dispatches, 274-5, 279, 283-4, 290, 311, 333-5, 338-9, 344, 365, 397-8
used by Federalists, 275, 333, 348, 353, 363-4, 643, 648, 652n, 661
addresses, responses to, 279-80, 300, 301n, 305, 322-4, 326, 335, 341, 353, 359-60
memorial to Talleyrand of 17 Jan. 1798, 335-6, 359-60
and accusations against Republicans, 339, 353, 417-19
impact on liberty, 348
impact on elections, 359
and Va. politics, 365, 524-5, 582-3
and news of improvement in negotiations, 384
additional dispatches from envoys, 390-3, 394, 396-7, 414, 415-16n, 419-20, 524
relations among envoys, 393, 441, 647
envoys do not anticipate war with France, 394, 396, 397
Talleyrand encourages negotiation, 462-5, 485, 562, 648-9, 651n, 663
Directory disavows, 464, 465
role of mysterious woman, 523, 524-5n
and N.C., 557n
Callender on, 580-5
See also Adams, John: President
France: U.S. Relations with
Gerry, Elbridge
Marshall, John
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth
United States: Public Opinion

Yale University, 84n

Yard, James, 643

Yates, Robert, 14n

Yellow Creek. See Logan (Mingo Indian)

yellow fever: in Philadelphia, 70-1, 505-6, 507-8, 526, 564-5, 585, 610
Varlé's plans to eradicate, 70-1
in New York, 507-8, 509n
causes interruption of business in cities, 560
in America, 591-2
quarantines proposed, 679

York (TJ's slave): accused of theft, 68-9, 79
carries gun, 68

Young, Mr. (S.C.), 237n

Young, Arthur, 199

Zach, Franz Xavier von, 160-2

Zane, Ebenezer, 72

Zinzendorf, Nikolaus Ludwig von, 309, 310n