Abigail & Rebecca (sloop), 11, 95

Abram (b. 1794, TJ's slave), 35

accountants, 215n, 628-9, 636, 703

Adams, Abigail, 3, 237n

Adams, John

Minister to Great Britain

negotiates treaties, 245n

Politics

and election of 1800, 256

meets with L. Lincoln, 299

President

criticism of, xlv, 21, 33n, 456

and fortifications at Newport, 3

and Fergusson, 51

makes appointments, 54, 57n, 58, 320n, 460n, 469n, 493, 494n, 601n

administration praised, 86n

late-term appointments, 252n, 301n, 371n

removals by, 263n, 277n, 654

absences of, from capital, 315, 577

and surveyors for D.C., 349n

and term limits for foreign missions, 381

leaves horses and carriages for TJ, 391

and President's House accounts, 391

and Spain, 393n

method of communicating with heads of departments, 577

annual address to Congress, 612

applications to, for appointments, 676n

removal from office an act of God, 737

Adams, Samuel

letter from, 687

portrait of, 115

congratulates TJ on return of peace, 687

Adams, Fort, 308n, 549, 550, 560n

Adams, Fort (R.I.), 3

Adams (U.S. frigate), 663, 668

Addington, Henry, 715n

Adet, Pierre Auguste, 189n

Adriatic Sea, 398n

Aeolus, 294

Africa

removal of condemned slaves to, x, 720, 721n

smallpox in, 199

Africans compared to American Indians, 556

and slave trade, 561n, 739n

Aggy. See Gillette, Agnes (b. 1798, Aggy, TJ's slave)

agriculture

U.S. an agricultural nation, 240, 652

measurement of bushels, 280-1, 659, 660n, 679

"artificial" meadows, 326

viticulture, 326n

books on, 605

one of four pillars of prosperity, 647

comparison of European to American, 706-7

erosion, 707

Aikin, Charles Rochemont

Concise View, 490, 491n, 573, 698

Alabama Indians, 555, 561n

Albemarle Co., Va.

descriptions of, 22n, 461-3

land taxes, 350n

surveyor, 455n

midwives in, 511n

clerk of court, 744n

alcoholism

among Monticello artisans, 50

among candidates for office, 184, 347n, 350

among Irish immigrants, 350

as cause of suicide, 570

among mariners, 653n

Alembert, Jean Le Rond d'

Synonymes Français, 203

Alès, France, 345n

Alexandria, Bank of, 682

Alexandria, Egypt, 239n, 296, 297n, 341

Alexandria, Va.

collector at, 43, 46n, 682, 683n

surveyor at, 43

merchants, 82n, 734, 740

packet service to, from, 453, 454n, 689-90

stage lines to, from, 486n

breweries, 592

banks, 682

Alexandria Advertiser and Commercial Intelligencer, 46n

Alfred (Continental ship), 674-5

Algeciras, Spain

naval battle near, 192, 194n, 239, 407n

American vessels taken to, 406, 407n, 425, 488, 507, 545, 593-5, 660-1

Alger, James, 229n, 570, 580

Algiers

consuls at, 109n, 163

tribute for, 148, 163, 456, 474, 643, 690, 705n, 706n

U.S. warships depart for, 219n

support for military action against, 474

attacks U.S. shipping, 701

See also Mediterranean Sea; Mustafa Baba, Dey of Algiers

Alicante, Spain, 498

Alien Enemies Act (1798), 621n

Alien Friends Act (1798), 26n, 621n

aliens. See immigrants

Allan (Allen), John, 653n

Allen, Captain. See Takinowtha (Captain Allen, Delaware chief)

Allen, John, 598

Allison, Patrick (Baltimore), 406, 407n

Almon, John

Remembrancer, 482-4

almonds, 12, 95, 96n

Alston, Theodosia Burr, 539

Altona, 17

alum water, 16

amaranth, 759

American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 299, 516

American and Daily Advertiser (Baltimore), 355, 356n

American Citizen and General Advertiser (New York), 409n, 439, 589n, 607

See also Denniston & Cheetham

American Philosophical Society

elects members, xlv, 165n, 490, 491n, 670n

receives communications, specimens, 122, 124n, 412n, 423, 424n, 491n

publishes Transactions, 124n

secretary, 165n

vice president, 213n

loans money to C. W. Peale, 434-5

displays mastodon skeleton, 436n

library, 699

American Revolution

Eastern Navy Board, 6n

relief efforts for troops, 23n

women in, 23n

veterans of, 26n, 36, 37n, 68-9, 83n, 144, 172n, 249, 257, 262, 279n, 302n, 315-16, 332, 335, 339n, 352n, 429n, 447n, 456-7, 460n, 473-4, 476n, 477n, 485, 502-3, 591n, 592n, 608, 691n

Loyalists, 62, 253n, 274n, 332, 481n, 601, 655, 679

and France, 68-9

persistent principles and spirit of, 127, 203, 338

privateers, 160n, 249

chaplains, 183n

histories of, 203

in S.C., 257

and West Indies, 257n, 332

and Louisiana, 328n

in Va., 328n, 502-3

in N.Y., 337n

quartermasters, 447n

hospitals, 531n

physicians, 592n

in Vt., 601

naval affairs, 654, 674-6

Sons of Liberty, 654n

"Americanus" (pseudonym)

argues against unwarranted removals, 229-30n

Americanus (schooner), 547

Ames, Fisher, 299-300

Amsterdam

bills of exchange on, 228, 229n, 597

C. Pinckney at, 239, 295

banks, 371n

consul at, 401-2

prospects for revival of trade, 540

See also Batavian Republic; Netherlands

Anacostia River

road to, 167-8, 172

wharves on, 349n

navy yard at, 641n, 646

Anderson, Charles, 429n

Anderson, David, 343n, 380n

Anderson, James, 298-9

Anderson, Joseph, 404n

Andrews, George, 30-1, 95, 127, 418

Andrews, Hannah Shelton, 71

Andrews, Joseph (La.), 557

Andrews, Philo

letter from, 71

seeks consular appointment, 71

identified, 71n

recommended for office, 754

Andrews, Samuel, 71

Anmours, Charles François, Chevalier d', 558-9, 562n

Annapolis Convention (1786), 206, 208n

Annual Message to Congress (1801)

drafting of, x-xi, 611-52

fair copy, 641-50

Annual Register, and Virginian Repository, for the Year 1800 (George Douglas), 8-9

Anomabo, Africa, 561n

anonymous letters

and proposals for government reform, 246-7

recommend aspirants for office, 364

recorded in SJL, 752, 755

António, Prince of Beira, 441-2

Antwerp, 252n, 540

Apollo Belvedere (sculpture), 538, 539n

Appleton, Thomas, 664n, 666, 667, 694

Aranjuez, Treaty of, 695n

architects, 92n

Argument Against Continuing the War (James Workman), 670-1n

Argus (revenue cutter), 675n

Arkansas Territory, 175n

Armstrong, Gen. John

advises on appointments, 62, 63n

letter from cited, 63n

political influence in N.Y., 287

Armstrong, John (Nassau), 547, 548n

Army, U.S. See War, U.S. Department of

Arnold, Benedict, 674

art

lack of patronage for, 388n

France collects, from Europe, 538, 539n

Artois, Charles Philippe, Comte d', 714, 715n

Ash, James, 582, 584n

Ashe, John Baptista, 390

Ashley, Warren, 406, 487

Aspinwall, William, 681n

Ast, William Frederick, 103-4

astronomy, 411-12, 423, 424n, 548-9

attorneys

mentioned, 5n, 42n, 71, 136n, 155, 165n, 207n, 288n, 337, 355n, 516, 517n, 547-8, 559n, 661n

overabundance of, 155

deemed an unproductive profession, 246

seek admission to the bar, 335-6

conveyancers, 336n, 367

auctions, 602, 604n

Augean stable, 5

Auldjo, Thomas

letter from, 280-1

sends news from England, 280-1

Aurora (brigantine), 546-7, 548n

Aurora (Philadelphia)

delivery of, in Va., 41

prints T. Coxe's writings, 263

subscriptions to, 310

publishes accounts from Egypt, 415n

reports misuse of public funds, 438-41, 700, 704-5n

as source of news and information, 455

See also Duane, William

Austin, David

letters from, 138-41, 176-8, 281-2, 736-7

observations on Barbary affairs, 138, 140n

offers plans, advice, 138-41, 176-8

removes to Washington, 140

letters from cited, 140-1n, 178n, 282n, 750, 752

sends draft of message to Congress, 140-1n

seeks appointment, 178n, 281-2, 736-7

Austria, 192, 396

Auvergne, France, 326, 461-5

Avery, John, 687n

Bache, Benjamin Franklin, 23

Bache, Richard, 100, 102n

Bache, Sarah Franklin

letter from, 23

recommends Joseph Clay, 23

identified, 23n

Bache, William

arrives in Washington, 96

carries letters to TJ, 107, 132, 153, 162

seeks appointment, 330, 374

Bagwell (TJ's slave), 35

Bahamas, 546-8, 559n, 674, 675n

Bailey, Theodorus

seeks appointment, 62-3, 204, 323-4, 331-3, 518-19

Bainbridge, Absalom

forwards vaccine matter, 103n

letter from cited, 103n, 749

and E. Gantt, 430n

Bainbridge, William, 163, 488

Baker, Dr. William (Md.), 758, 759

Baker, Jerman (attorney), 320, 446, 726

Baldwin, Abraham

letter from, 71-3

advises on appointments, 53, 85, 133, 226

and settlement of western land claims by Ga., 71-3

as reference, 144

elected to U.S. Senate, 144n

C. Pinckney sends regards to, 398, 538

Balfour, George, 221n, 358n

Ballow, Charles, 524

Baltic Sea, 192

Baltimore, Md.

Spanish consul at, 40

merchants, 96, 203n, 445n, 665

Catholics in, 202-3n

Mediterranean trade of, 219n

roads to, from, 270

conveyancers, 336n

churches, 351, 407n

newspapers, 355, 356n

collector at, 364n, 587n

banks in, 374n, 375n, 602-4

surveyor, 445n

Female Humane Association, 471, 475

schools, 471, 475

census in, 532n

trade with New Orleans, 550

growth of, 631

Republicans in, 665

breweries, 723

Bank of the United States

drafts on, 11, 12n, 283

directors, 42, 44-5, 46-7n, 132, 133-4n, 136n, 166-7, 190-1, 321

establishment of branch in Washington, 43, 132, 133-4n, 135-6n, 166, 191n, 304-5, 412

cashiers, 44-5, 134n, 166-7, 229n, 303-5, 597n

relationship with Treasury Department, 135-6n, 191n, 602-4, 628

branches, 229n, 602-4

impact of yellow fever epidemic on, 304

influence of, 474

and Dutch loan, 597n

TJ's notes on, 599n, 602-4, 606n, 612

statements of assets and obligations, 602-4, 731-2

notes of, 603

weekly returns by, 604n, 606

shares in, 628, 695-8

and Seneca annuity, 695-8

bankruptcy, 565, 689

banks

shares in, 17, 565, 568n

purchase of bills from, 54

clerks, 102n

proposed taxes on, 335n

circular to, on appointment of T. T. Tucker, 606

and reduction of paper medium, 707-8

See also Columbia, Bank of (Georgetown); North America, Bank of; Pennsylvania, Bank of

Baptists, 407-9

Barbados, W.I., 259n, 562n

Barbary states

threat from, 78, 425, 588, 593-5

consuls to, 101

payments to, 163

See also Algiers; Mediterranean Sea; Tripoli; Tunis

Barbé de Marbois, François, 175, 396, 397, 535

Barber, Joseph, 435n

Barclay, John, 705n

Barger, Kramer & Rump, 740n

Barlow, Joel

letters from, 141-2, 385-6, 509-10

plans return to U.S., 141, 385, 510

promotes improvement of America, 141-2

sends news of preliminary peace treaty, 385-6

recommends Fulton, sends thoughts on naval matters, 509-10

Barnaby. See Gillette, Barnaby (b. 1783, TJ's slave)

Barnes, David L., 4, 5n, 6n, 80

Barnes, Jacob, 452n

Barnes, John

letters to, 28, 30-1, 83, 270

letters from, 11-12, 49-51, 95-6, 127-8, 178-9, 224-6, 282-3, 328-9, 400, 418

dines with Lemaire and Rapin, viii, 225

handles financial transactions, viii, 11-12, 24n, 90, 95-6, 127-8, 155, 165, 178-9, 182n, 224-6, 255, 270, 275-6, 282-3, 288n, 309, 317, 328-9, 348, 356n, 394-5, 400, 418, 422, 436, 437n, 489n, 676n, 740, 757-9

obtains items, handles shipments, viii, 11-12, 30-1, 83, 95-6, 127-8, 155, 171, 224-5, 255, 270, 482, 483, 542n, 568, 676n, 734

advises Higginbotham, 28, 96

and plasterers for Monticello, 49-51, 83, 95-6, 178

and Short's affairs, 50-1n, 128, 171, 189n, 381, 463, 464

and Kosciuszko, 50n

plans trip to Philadelphia, 128, 224, 282, 309, 429, 436, 676n

urges TJ to purchase stocks, 128

letters to cited, 155n, 179n, 226n, 753

and Madison's note, 179

and delivery of TJ's carriage, 224-5, 282, 328-9

and Mazzei's affairs, 666, 667

Barnet, Elizabeth, 249, 253n

Barnet, Isaac Cox

letter from, 247-53

seeks appointment, 58-60, 247-53, 526-7, 541

identified, 252-3n

Barnet, William, 252n

Barnet, William M., 59, 248, 252n

Barney, John H.

delivers "Mammoth Veal," 486n

letter from cited, 750

Barney, Joshua, 173-4, 265

Barney, William, 587n

barometers, 461, 465n

barracks

for Marines, 167-8, 172-3, 187, 211, 217, 417-18, 512

Barraud, Philip, 219-21, 268, 358

Barron, James, 488, 661n

Barron, Robert, 126-7

Barron, Samuel, 488

Barry, James

letter from, 348-9

and St. Mary's Church, 203n

and survey of D.C. lots, 348-9

identified, 349n

Barry, James D., 759

Barry, Joanna Gould, 349n

Barry, John, 488

Bartlett (b. 1786, TJ's slave), 34

Bartlett, Solomon

letter from, 298

discovery made by, 298

Barton, Matthias, 165n

Barton, William

letter to, 609-10

letters from, 334, 423, 523-4

seeks appointment, 334, 508

recommends B. Rittenhouse, 416n

encloses letter to S. H. Smith, 423, 508

sends manuscript on neutral rights to TJ, 523-4, 609-10

Observations on the Progress of Population, 533n

Dissertation on the Freedom of Navigation, 610n

Basra, 105n

Bassett, Richard, 208n, 428, 429n

Batavian Republic

constitution of, 296, 297n

Staatsbewind, 297n

Executive Directory, 398

U.S. relations with, 537

navy, 539n

letter from Executive Directory cited, 750

See also Amsterdam; Netherlands

Bates, Tarleton, 183-4

Batture case, 670n

Bayard, Andrew, 46n

Bayard, James A., 428

Baylor, George, 335

Baynham, Richard, 182-3

Baynham, William, 182-3

Bayntun, Henry William, 752, 753

Beall, Thomas, 190, 191n

beavers, 659

Bec (b. 1797, TJ's slave), 35

Beckley, John

letter to, 479

letter from, 513-14

recommends aspirants for office, 285

and A. Campbell, 438, 440-1n, 704n

TJ recommends S. Hanson to, 479, 513

candidate for secretary of the Senate, 513-14

Beckley, Maria Prince, 513

Beckwith, George, 80n

bedouins, 105n

beer, 723

Beethoven, Ludwig van, 297n

beets, 706

Beguine (French privateer), 57n, 79-80, 132, 134n

Belgioioso, Ludovico Barbiano di, 293, 294n

Belgium, 535, 539n

Bell, Andrew, 693

Ben (b. 1785, TJ's slave), 34

Benbury, Thomas, 460n

Benevenuto (Ragusan vessel), 149n, 162-3

Bénézech, Pierre, 535, 539n

Benin, 556

Benjamin Franklin (ship), 29, 204n

Benson, Charles

recommended for appointment, 755

letter from cited, 756

Berceau (French corvette), 88, 145-6, 147n, 498-9, 513n

Berlin, 236

Bermuda, 531n

Bermuda Hundred (Eppes estate, Chesterfield Co., Va.), 503

Bernabéu, Juan Bautista, 40

Betsy. See Hemings, Betsy (1783-1857, Eppes slave)

Betsy Cathcart (ship), 56n

Bett, Middleton, 757, 759

Beverly (b. 1800, TJ's slave), 35

Bible

allusions from, 78, 79n, 140, 477-8

Biddle, Clement

letter from cited, 65n

recommends Charles D. Coxe, 65n

Big Tree (Geneseo), N.Y.

Indian negotiations at, 695-6

Billy, Peter, 759

Bingham, Anne Willing, 118n

Bingham, William

departs for Europe, 7, 24-5, 160n

director of Bank of U.S., 46n

and the Hope, 124, 126, 159-60, 163, 299-301

and Convention of 1800, 314

birds, 105n

Biscoe, George, 364

Bishop, Abraham, 318, 319n

Bishop, Samuel, 5, 80n

Bishop, Samuel G., 37n

Black River, 554

blacksmiths, 660, 682

Blackstone, William, 355

Blair, James

letter from, 149-52

seeks to publish religious essay, 149-52

Blake, George, 299-300

Blanc, Honoré, 600n, 662-3

Blicher Olsen, Peder

arrival in U.S., 13, 14n, 31, 110, 111n, 149n

receives exequatur, 148, 162, 163n

blockades, 407n

Blodget, Samuel, Jr., 46n, 97

Bloodworth, Samuel, 389, 467, 468n

Bloodworth, Timothy

letter from, 389-90

recommends aspirants for office, 347n, 389-90, 467, 468-9n

seeks appointment, 389, 467, 468n

sends news of N.C. elections, 389-90

Bloomfield, Joseph

letter from, 590-1

recommends S. Sayre, 590-1

identified, 591n

and beacon at Sandy Hook, 738

Blount, William, 558, 562n, 662n

Blount, Willie

letter from, 662

offers support to TJ, 662

identified, 662n

letters from cited, 662n

Boileau, Nathaniel B., 416n

Bonaparte, Joseph, 396, 535

Bonaparte, Napoleon

letter to, 270-1

and R. R. Livingston, ix, 270-1

and ratification of Convention of 1800, 105n, 177, 186, 211, 228, 316, 501-2, 506, 519

Paine's memorandum to, 192, 194n

treaty with Portugal, 192, 194n

relations with the Vatican, 194n, 539n

attempts on life of, 293, 294n

patron of the arts, 294n

reputation, character of, 296, 397

attitude toward U.S., 396

and Saint-Domingue, 398n

and Louisiana, 535

expected to introduce reforms, 536

and Etruria, 695n

image of, on medals, 702

and preliminary peace treaty, 714

Bond, Phineas, 410

Bond, William Stoddert, 547

Bonnet, Thomas, 17

Booker, George

advises on appointments, 112, 120n

letter from cited, 120n, 753

letter to cited, 120n, 750

bookkeepers, 582, 629

books

price of, 20, 482-3, 489n

music, 355

bookbinding, 355-6, 418

subscriptions for, 489

See also Jefferson, Thomas: Library

Bordeaux, France

commercial agent at, 58-60, 83n, 247-53, 526, 540, 541n

suggested destination for the Boston, 218

trade prospects of, 540

Boston

and TJ's reply to the New Haven merchants, 6n, 56n

French privateers at, 57n, 79, 81, 132, 134n

navy agent at, 88

British consul at, 111n

trade, 134n

newspapers, 199, 299

Federalists in, 299

Republicans in, 299

banks, 375n, 602-4

emigrants from, 477-8

revenue cutter at, 596n

harbor defenses, 634

Charlestown Navy Yard, 641n

Boston (U.S. frigate)

officers, 56n, 325n

carries R. R. Livingston to France, 60-1, 125, 188n, 216, 217-18, 217n, 266, 276, 292n, 306, 378, 394, 447n

instructions for, 186-7, 211, 268, 316, 668

expected in the Mediterranean, 303, 663-4

runs aground, 446-7

and capture of the Berceau, 513n

McNeill replaced as commander of, 661

botany, 6n

Boude, Thomas, 165n

Boudet, Jean, 528

Boudinot, Elias

and Leslie's coining scheme, 15

director of Bank of U.S., 46n

and Mint accounts, 135n

and Barnet family, 252n

and Caldwell family, 253n

rumored resignation of, 530, 531n

obtains copper for Mint, 586, 587n, 597

Bougainville, Louis Antoine de, 105n

Boulogne, France, 297n

Boulton, Matthew, 681-2

Bourne, Sylvanus

letter from, 401-2

and compensation of consuls, 401-2

letter from cited, 402n, 754

Bowdoin, Peter

candidate for Cherrystone collectorship, 347, 350, 570, 580, 655, 665, 674

Bowles, William Augustus, 559n

Bowles, Zachariah, 580n

Boyd, Alexander, 57n

Brackenridge, Hugh Henry, 184, 499-500

Bradley, Abraham, 492n

Bradley, Abraham, Jr., 529

Bradley, Philip B.

letter from, 691

resigns as marshal for Conn., 691

identified, 691n

Bradstreet, Anne, 516, 517n

Bradstreet, Rev. Simon, 517n

Bradstreet, Simon (1604-1697), 516, 517n

Brandt, Richard B., 422n

brandy, 137n

Brant, Joseph, 316, 317n

brass, 15-16

Brazil, 194n, 442n

Breck, Samuel, 46n

Bremen, Germany, 294n, 407

Brent, Anne Carroll, 254n

Brent, Daniel (clerk), 311n

Brent, Daniel Carroll

letter from, 386-7

as marshal for D.C., 56n

recommended as bank director, 190-1

recommends aspirants for office, 386-7, 388n

Brent, Richard, 227, 228-9n

Brent, Robert

letter from, 253-4

seeks appointment, 253-4

identified, 254n

Brent, Robert, Sr., 254n

Brent, William (1775-1848), 132n, 372n, 450n

Brest, France, 249-50, 527, 528

breweries, 235n, 592, 723

bribes, 439, 700-1, 702

bricks

dimensions of, 193, 194n

bridges, 611n

Briscoe, George, 711, 738-9, 742-3

Brissot de Warville, Jacques Pierre, 180

British Queen (British schooner), 154n

Brodie, David, 126-7

Bronson, Enos, 693

Broome, John

letter from cited, 143-4n, 750

recommends M. L. Davis, 143-4n

Broome, Samuel

letter from, 142-3

seeks appointment, 142-3

Brown. See Colbert, Brown (1785-1833, TJ's slave)

Brown, Mr. (Pa.), 548-9

Brown, Catherine, 389

Brown, John (Ky.), 392n, 398, 538

Brown, John (R.I.)

letter from cited, 756

Brown, Lucy, 500

Brown, Morgan, 454n

Brown, Rives & Co., 28, 328, 400n, 753

Brown, Robert (D.C.), 418n, 512

Brown, Samuel (Boston), 88, 498-9

Brown & Co., 659-60

Browne, Jackson, 259-60

Bruce, George

letters to, from cited, 756

Bruin, Peter Bryan, 551-2, 560n

"Brutus" (pseudonym), 33

"Brutus, Lucius Junius" (pseudonym), 459, 460n

Bryant, Mathew, 350

Brydone, Patrick

Tour through Sicily and Malta, 123, 124n

Buell, John H., 600n

Bulkeley, Thomas, 159n, 277n

Bullock, Mr., 659

Bullock, Archibald, 229n

Bull Run, 568

Burbridge, John, 228n

Burd, Edward, 42

Bureaux de Pusy, Jean Xavier

letter to, 201

letter from, 68-9

and Poirey, 68-9, 201

and harbor fortifications at New York, 447-8, 688

Burgoyne, John, 75

Burke, Aedanus, 54, 56n, 85, 102n, 118

Burke, Thomas, 54, 56n

Burnett, John, 368n

Burnett, Samuel, 368n

Burr, Aaron

letters to, 687-8, 692

letters from, 204, 337-8

advises on appointments, vii, 62, 320n, 687-8

criticism of, xi, 286-7, 319-20

as reference, 10, 142

and election of 1800, 33n

and M. L. Davis's appointment, 62, 63-4n, 204, 287

treason trial, 136n

family of, 143n

and John Davis, 180, 181n, 692

excluded from N.Y. patronage, 275n, 287

lack of support for, among Republicans, 286-7

guardian of Delage, 292n

candidate for governor, 324n

recommends W. Keteltas, 337-8

Madison forwards letter from, 677

letters from cited, 677n, 688n, 751, 756

fortification of New York harbor, 688

and case of W. P. Gardner and A. Campbell, 700, 704n

Burrall, Jonathan, 229n

Burrowes, Nathan

letter from, 745-6

seeks appointment, 745-6

identified, 746n

Burrows, William Ward, 187n, 211, 512-13

Burwell. See Colbert, Burwell (TJ's slave)

Butler, Anthony

seeks appointment, 57n

letter from cited, 750

Butler, Pierce

letter to, 145

letters from, 201-2, 319-20

advises on appointments, 145, 201-2, 319-20

letters from cited, 145n, 752, 754

forwards letters from Burr, 319-20

as reference, 342

family of, 342n

and H. Grant, 452

and J. Beckley, 479

butter, 461

Byrd, William, II, 699

cabbage, 706

Cabot, John, 160n, 300

Cabot (Continental brig), 674

Caddo Indians, 554-5, 561n

Cadiz, Spain

consul at, 22, 39-40, 493-5, 498, 585

Cairo, Egypt, 239n, 415n

Calais, France, 65n

Caldwell, Hannah, 253n

Caldwell, James, 249, 253n

Caldwell, John Edwards, 253n

Callaway, Richard, 659

Callender, James Thomson, 136n

Callender, Thomas, 390, 468, 469n

Calvert, Thomas

letter from cited, 750

Camder, M., 343n

camels, 105n

Campaign of General Buonaparte in Italy (trans. John Davis), 180

Campbell, Anthony

letter from, 437-41

removed from office, seeks reappointment, 55, 57n, 86, 108, 158, 284-5, 314, 449, 699-700, 704n

reimbursement of moving expenses, 289n

defends conduct to TJ, 437-41

identified, 440n

Campbell, Hugh G., 488

Canada, 249, 719

canals

for TJ's mill, 343n

in D.C., 373

candles, 134n

Cannae, battle of, 319n

Cape Girardeau, 599n

Cape Verde Islands, 739

Cap-Français, Saint-Domingue, 312-13, 322

Capitol, U.S.

roads around, ix, 167

appropriations for, 48, 372-3

temporary building for House of Representatives, 97, 132, 153, 167, 176

elliptical room, 372, 373, 384

images of, 657n

Capua, 318, 319n

Caracciolo de Brienza, Francesco, 725n

Caracciolo de Brienza, Giuseppe

letter from, 724-5

asks TJ for money, 724-5

identified, 725n

Carey, Mathew, 440n

Carleton, Joseph, 136n

Carlos (Charles) IV, King of Spain, xlv, 106, 392-3, 442n, 695n

Carlota Joaquina, Princess of Brazil, 442n

Carmichael, William, 72, 73n

Carpenter, Thomas

account with TJ, 12, 283, 329

Carpenter, William, 705n

carpenters, 66-7, 92n, 372

carpets, viii, 153, 181, 309

Carr, Mr. (Va.), 310, 454

Carr, Dabney (TJ's nephew), 383n

Carr, Hester Smith Stevenson (Hettie, Mrs. Peter Carr), 501

Carr, Martha Jefferson (Mrs. Dabney Carr, TJ's sister), 34

Carr, Mary (Polly, TJ's niece), 446

Carr, Peter (TJ's nephew)

letter to, 501-2

TJ sends Manual, political news to, 501-2

letters to, from cited, 501n

Carrel, John, 453, 454n, 588

carriages

TJ orders from Philadelphia, viii, 115-16, 128, 155, 181-2, 224-5, 270, 282, 309, 328-9, 429-30

landaus, 116

descriptions of, 116n, 181-2, 309

prices, 116n, 182, 270

tax on, 602, 604n

Carroll, Bishop John

letter to, 202-3

seeks to purchase church lot in Washington, 202-3

identified, 202-3n

letter from cited, 203n, 752

and Female Humane Charity School, 471, 475

Carroll, Daniel (of Duddington), 131, 190-1, 417n

Carroll, William, 681

carrots, 759

Carter, Edward, 581n

Carter, John, 522n

Carter, John, Jr., 521, 522n

Caruthers, John, 26, 27

Cary (b. 1785, TJ's slave), 34

Cary, Wilson Jefferson, 266n

Catahoula River, 554

Cathalan, Stephen, Jr., 189n, 494, 495n

Cathcart, James Leander, 163, 188, 189n, 477, 663-4

Catholic Church

in Pa., xlvi

in France, 194n

in Washington, D.C., 202-3

education, 202-3n

in Spain, 494

in Africa, 556

Irish, 671n

Catlett, George W., 744n

Catlett, Kemp, 581n

Caton, John

letter from cited, 753

cattle

for Tunisian minister, 148, 149n, 162

feed for, 326

in France, 461

in Europe, 706-7

Cayes, Saint-Domingue, 312-13

Cenas, Claudine

letter from cited, 754

census

returns for 1800 delayed, 19, 49, 255, 531

in Tenn., 19, 531, 532n

in Va., 49, 255, 570n

in Conn., 288n

expense of, 288n, 375n, 624n, 711n

in N.C., 288n

in S.C., 288n

shows population increase, 382, 507, 531-3, 545, 627, 643, 661

in N.J., 469n

in Md., 531, 532n

in Pa., 711n

Ceracchi, Giuseppe, 293, 294n, 482-4, 542

Ceylon, 398n, 715

chairs, 23-4, 137, 232

Chancellor, William, 46n

Chancognie, Simon Jude, 114-15, 258, 268

chandeliers, viii, 153

Chanlas. See De Chanlas, Monsieur

Channing, Walter, 595n

Chapman, John, 481n

Chaptal, Jean Antoine, 542n

Charles Emmanuel IV, Duke of Savoy and King of Sardinia, 714, 715n

Charleston, S.C.

Federalists in, 14n

Republicans in, 14n

attorneys, 42n

marine hospital, 53, 108

collector at, 53-4, 85, 713-14

Spanish consul at, 114, 115n

French prisoners at, 114-15, 268

election of 1800 in, 202

lighthouses, 202n

merchants, 202n, 257, 453n

custom house, 229n, 713-14, 739

and American Revolution, 257

British influence in, 257

and Jay Treaty, 257

navy agent at, 259n

revenue cutter at, 596n

banks, 602-4

anonymous letters from, 714n

Charlottesville, Va.

mail service to, from, 41

whooping cough in, 373

descriptions of, 462-3

travel to, from, 568-9, 581

Charlton, John, 46n

Chas, Jean

letter to, 203-4

TJ receives books from, 203-4

letter from cited, 203-4n, 750

wishes to visit U.S., 203-4n

R. R. Livingston carries letter to, 292n

Chastellux, François Jean de Bauvoir, Marquis de, 179-80

cheese, 461

chemistry, 212-13, 269, 542n

Cheriot, Henry

letter from cited, 755

Cherokee Indians

demand new negotiation site, 196n, 308, 402, 747n

land cessions sought from, 196n

murder of, 196n, 308, 747-8

send delegation to Washington, 308

inns on land of, 308n

road through lands of, 308n

consult with Hawkins, 325n

hold negative view of TJ's administration, 402-3

agent to, 403, 404n

trading houses, factories, 554

removal of, 559n

Chesapeake (U.S. frigate), 663, 668

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, 207n

chess, 81

Chew, Benjamin, 42

Chickasaw Bluffs, 196n, 518n

Chickasaw Indians, 196n, 403, 518n, 559n, 748n

China, 105n, 180

Chisholm, Hugh, 34

Chisman, Mount Edward

recommended, appointed to office, 53, 85, 86n, 89, 92, 112, 119, 127, 157-8, 169, 185-6, 216, 263

Choctaw Indians

agent to, 55, 86, 108, 403

proposed conference with, 196, 308, 324

trading houses, factories, 554

removal of, 559n

Chribbs, William, 392

Christian VII, King of Denmark, 111n

Church, Edward, 277

Church, Jonathan, 512-13

Cicero, 428, 429n

cider, 453-4, 588, 689-90, 734, 740

Cilley, Bradbury, 601

Cincinnati, Society of the, 69n

ciphers, 340n

"Citizen" (pseudonym)

letter from, 689

complains about bankruptcy laws in Mass., 689

"Citizen of Delaware" (pseudonym), 693n

Claiborne, Clarissa Duralde, 562n

Claiborne, Cornelia Tennessee, 733n

Claiborne, Elizabeth W. Lewis, 732, 733n

Claiborne, William C. C.

letters from, 17-19, 402-4, 732-4

prepares to assume governorship of Miss. Terr., 17-19, 402

and census in Tenn., 19, 532n

withdraws as candidate for Congress, 19, 402, 403-4n

rumored to have declined governorship, 154

recommends aspirants for office, 392

advises on Indian affairs, 402-4

as reference, 478

and DeLacy, 559n

and Workman, 670n

sends news of Miss. Terr. politics, 732-4

Clark, Bowling

letter from, 659-60

leaves TJ's employment, 21, 22n, 525

TJ's account with, 349, 350n, 375, 660, 757

letters to cited, 350n, 753, 754, 755

surveys Poplar Forest lands, 414, 419, 659

reports on harvest at Poplar Forest, 659-60

letters from cited, 752, 753, 754

Clark, Daniel

and Claiborne, 18, 670n

consul at New Orleans, 327, 560n

shipments for TJ, 454n

and DeLacy, 557

Clark, Jonas, 54, 57n, 85, 108, 158

Clark (Clarke), Elijah, Jr., 144

Clark (Clarke), Elijah (d. 1799), 144

Clarke, Samuel, 409-10

Clarkson, Matthew

bank director, 46n

letters from cited, 284n, 750, 751

resigns as loan commissioner, 284n, 518

as reference, 345

Claxton, Thomas

letters to, 204-5, 480

letters from, 23-4, 152-3, 466

and furnishings for Monticello, 23-4, 152-3, 204-5

and furnishings for President's House, 152-3, 391, 466, 469n, 480, 588n, 758

letter to cited, 153n, 753

account with TJ, 391

forwards letter to TJ, 400

Clay, Charles

letter from cited, 22n

recommends overseer to TJ, 22n

examines Poplar Forest lands, 659

Clay, Henry

letters from cited, 754, 755

Clay, Joseph (Pa.)

recommended for office, 23, 100-1, 102n, 118, 125, 148

declines consular appointment, 107, 157

as reference, 440n

Clayton, Solomon, 452n

Clérisseau, Charles Louis

letter from cited, 175n

clerks

Treasury Department, 55, 108, 170n, 284-5, 288-9n, 388n, 437-40, 477n, 570n, 629, 630n, 681, 700-1, 703, 705n, 706n

Navy Department, 60n, 703

bank, 102n, 700, 705n

War Department, 108, 703

Continental Congress, 165n

Pa. senate, 165n

applications for clerkships, 214, 479, 496

territorial, 229n

State Department, 311n, 370, 371n, 378, 379n, 445n

for D.C. commissioners, 372

illness among, 423-4

political sympathies of, 477n

House of Representatives, 479, 513

custom house, 481n, 713

revenue, 582

salaries, 582, 629, 630n, 705n

removal of, 700, 704n, 706n

offered bribes, 700-1, 702

Federalists as, 702, 703, 704n

postal service, 705n

Clermont-Ferrand, France, 461-3, 465n

Clinch River, 344n

Clinton, DeWitt

letter from, 283-4

member of council of appointment, 275n

recommends aspirants for office, 283-4

identified, 284n

opposes M. L. Davis's appointment, 311

and Iroquois resettlement, 316, 317n

Clinton, George

letter from, 447-8

as reference, 142

elected governor, 235n

removal policies of, 275n, 287

secretary for, 284n

and harbor fortifications at New York, 447-8, 688

letter from cited, 754

Clopton, John, 214

clover, 326, 707

Clymer, George

letter from, 610-11

seeks patent for pump, 610-11

identified, 611n

Clymer, George E., 610-11

Clymer, Henry, 118n

Clymer, Mary Willing, 118n

coal

ordered by TJ, 171, 232, 275-6, 375, 470

mining of, in Va., 233n

in France, 345n

Coalter, John

letter to, 409-10

obtains judgment against S. Clarke, 409-10

letter from cited, 410n, 754

Coates, Samuel, 46n

Cobb, Henry J., 325n

Cobbett, William, xlv

Cocke, William, 404n

cod, 134n

coffee

ordered by TJ, 83, 87, 118, 128

cargoes of, 134n

from Saint-Domingue, 312

Coffyn, Mr., 534

Cohen, Jacob J., 104n

Coiffier de Verseux, Henri Louis, Baron

Dictionnaire, 484n

coins, 15-16, 681-3, 692

Colbert, Brown (1785-1833, TJ's slave), 34

Colbert, Burwell (TJ's slave), 34, 35n

Coleman, Mary Littlepage, 473n

Coleman, Nathan

letter to, 486

letter from, 457-8

presents "Mammoth Veal" to TJ, 457-8, 479

thanked by TJ, 486, 513

Coleman, Robert S.

letter to, 491

letter from, 473

and L. Littlepage, 473, 491

identified, 473n

Coleman, William, 460n

Colles, Raymond, 134n

Collier, Thomas, 519n

Columbia, Bank of (Georgetown)

directors of, 44, 46n, 56n, 254, 400n, 545n

presidents of, 56n

TJ's account with, 128, 178-9, 283n

distrusted by Gallatin, 135n, 191n, 545-6n

cashier, 166

Madison's note with, 179

stockholders, 191

TJ predicts demise of, 399, 412, 545-6, 580

notes of, 412, 413n, 454, 545-6, 580

Columbia College, 190n, 284n, 662n

Columbian Centinel (Boston), 147n

Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus, 326

Comanche Indians, 555, 561n

commerce

one of four pillars of prosperity, 647

Complete Collection of All the Protests of the Peers in Parliament Entered on their Journals, Since the Year 1774 (House of Lords), 482-4

Complete Collection of the Lords' Protests (House of Lords), 482-4

Concise View of All the Most Important Facts which have Hitherto Appeared Concerning the Cow-Pox (Charles Rochemont Aikin), 490, 491n, 573, 698

Congregationalists, 409n, 516, 517n

Congress, U.S.

Confederation

and western land claims, 72

members, 172n

instructions to treaty commissioners, 244, 245-6n

journals of, 310

Continental

TJ as member of, 14

appoints TJ peace commissioner, 126n

clerks, 165n

and the Hope, 300, 301n

journals of, 310

commercial agent for, at New Orleans, 328n

members, 531n

House of Representatives

chamber, viii-ix

and Lehman's petition, 10-11

committees, 10-11n

temporary building for, 97, 132, 153, 167, 176

and spoliations by Spain, 407n

clerk of, 479, 513

and L'Enfant's petition, 567n

Legislation

relief of Lehman, 10-11n

exoneration from French treaties, 38, 39n

and District of Columbia, 47-8, 98, 99n

Indian cessions, 73

western land claims, 76

lighthouses, 91, 92n

Logan Act, 162, 163n

and Barbary states, 163, 588, 688

Marine barracks, 168, 172-3, 187n, 217

and Northwest Terr., 170n, 587n, 719

President may not forward petitions to, 201

court fee bills, 215, 216n

marine hospitals, 220

excise tax, 262

election reform, 289n

commissions busts of Washington, 293

compensation of collectors, 374n, 693n, 714n

appropriation for naval galleys, 488n

and Sterett's victory, 589n

naturalization, 618, 621n

communications from secretary of the Treasury, 623-4, 633-4, 635-6n, 645

construction of 74-gun ships, 640-1n, 646

and fortifications, 650n, 688

regulation of coasting trade, 711n

collection laws, 714n

and slave trade, 739-40

and the Sally, 743n

See also Alien Enemies Act (1798); Alien Friends Act (1798); Judiciary Act (1801); Peace Establishment Act (1801); Sedition Act (1798); Stamp Act (1797)

Public Opinion

proposal to reorganize, 247

president's communications should be by letter, 612

need to guard against misapplication of public money, 635

Senate

and L. Lehman's petition, 10-11n

and Convention of 1800, 105n, 188, 189n, 316, 501, 506, 519, 525, 609

Republicans gain majority in, 147, 269, 303, 324

and TJ's nominations, 299n, 327, 377n, 382, 539n

and Adams's nominations, 494n

secretary of, 513-14

may reject TJ's nominations, 538

L'Enfant's petition to, 567n

and Sedition Act, 613, 635, 652, 653-4n, 655-7

Congress (U.S. frigate), 668

Coningham, Cornelius

letter to, 611

letter from, 592

seeks government loan, 592, 611

identified, 592n

letter from cited, 592n, 754

Connecticut

elections in, ix, 169, 409n, 506, 519-20n

union of clergy and Federalists in, 33, 338

attorneys, 71

Wallingford, 71

Episcopalians in, 71n, 409n

Falkner Island lighthouse, 91-2, 118n, 492

Farmington, 117n

need for removals in, 147

Hartford, 169

Middletown collectorship, 260n

census, 288n

letters to, from the 12th Regiment, 338-9, 517

Lebanon, 339n

legislature, 339n, 475-6

militia, 339n, 475-6

physicians, 369

smallpox vaccination in, 369, 430

Baptists, 407-9

calls for disestablishment in, 407-9

Universalists, 409n

and American Revolution, 457n

marshal for, 475-6, 484-6, 691

Killingworth, 476n

emigrants from, 477-8

Whitneyville, 514n

newspapers, 519-20

Litchfield, 597-9

postmasters, 597-9

supervisor for, 598, 599n

circuit court cases in, 658

courts, 691n

See also Danbury Baptist Association; Federalists; New Haven, Conn.; Republicans

Connelly, John (Pa.), 100, 102n

Conrad, Frederic, 416n

Conrad & McMunn (Washington), 12n, 96

Constantinople, 163n, 341-2

Constellation (U.S. frigate), 663, 668

Constitution (U.S. frigate), 663, 668

Constitution of the United States

and Sedition Act, xi, 647-8, 652, 655-6

ratification of, 26n, 679n, 740n

and revenue collection, 264

Federalists threaten, 265, 528, 576

revision and amendment called for, 286, 289n, 314

oaths to uphold, 439

and use of nolle prosequi, 480-1

and citizenship, 559n, 649

signers of, 610n

and president's annual message to Congress, 612

and executive authority to call on departments for information, 634

declaring war, enacting peace, 642-3

freedom of the press, 656

TJ's opinion of, 708

Convention of 1800

ratification of, 56, 101, 105n, 161, 173-4, 176-8, 186-8, 189n, 191, 193-4n, 211-12, 216, 217, 228, 245n, 265, 268, 276, 291, 303, 311, 314-15, 316, 410-11, 492-3, 501-2, 506, 519, 525, 545, 593

spoliation claims, 105n, 186, 187-8n, 188, 189n, 211-12, 228, 268, 276, 316, 501-2, 519, 527

restitution of prizes, 146, 316, 410-11

impact of, on commerce, 492-3

proclamation of, 609

execution of, 609n

Cooch, William

letter from cited, 752

Cook, Johnson

letters from, 455-7, 473-4, 477-8

seeks back pay, 455-7

identified, 457n

reports on Ohio politics, 473-4, 477-8

Cook, Thomas Jefferson, 456

Cooke (Cook), John Travers, 386-7

cooks, 542-3

Coolidge, Joseph, Jr., 589n

Cooper, Thomas, 23n, 533n

copper, 587n, 596-7, 681-2

Corcoran, Thomas

letter from, 457

and pardon for T. Leach, 457

Corey, Isaac, & Sons (Newry), 274n

Corey, Trevor, 274n

corn, 659-60, 757

Corny, Marguerite Victoire de Palerne de, 189n

Corsica, 105n

Cosby, John L., 744n

cotton, 451, 518, 527, 535

cotton gin, 514-15, 662-3

Coulon, Paul, 56n

counterfeiting, 681-3, 692

counterpanes, 270

Courts, U.S.

Circuit

District of Columbia, 46n

and the Hope, 160n, 299-300

and Marchant's case, 302n

TJ's notes concerning cases of, 599n, 612, 658

District

admission to practice before, 335-6

Public Opinion

dominated by Federalists, 43, 147

court fees excessive, 215

statement of cases decided and pending, 620, 648

trial by jury, 620

reduction of, 628

need impartial method to summon juries, 635, 639, 648

Supreme Court

to save country from anarchy, 43

sessions, 43, 46n

cases, 46n, 160n

courts-martial, 513n, 756

Coutinho, Luís Pinto de Sousa, 246n

Coutts, Thomas, & Co. (London), 17

cowpox. See smallpox

Coxe, Charles, 65

Coxe, Charles D.

seeks consular appointment, 64-6, 126, 148, 154

letter from cited, 65n, 749

Coxe, Francis Sidney, 582-3, 584n

Coxe, John Redman, 490, 572, 604-5, 698, 710

Coxe, Rebecca Coxe, 65

Coxe, Rebecca Wells, 65

Coxe, Tench

letters from, 205-8, 298-9, 582-4

family of, 65, 126

seeks appointment, 205-8, 582-4, 653, 654n

defends TJ's removals, 263

memorandum on internal revenues, 264

forwards letter from J. Anderson, 298-9

as secretary of Pa. land office, 424n

as commissioner of the revenue, 583

Coxe, Tench, Jr., 582-3, 584n

Coxe, William, xlix

Coyle, John, 703, 706n

Crane, Silas, 365, 366n

Craven, John H.

leases land, 510, 745

letter to cited, 754

Crawford, William, 703

"Crazy Jane," 471, 472n

Creek Indians, 72-3, 554, 559n

Crèvecoeur, Michel Guillaume St. John de, 162n

Critta. See Hemings, Critta (1769-1850)

Crockett, Joseph, 155

Cromwell, Mr., 329n

Cromwell, Oliver, 730

Croudson, Samuel, 27-8

Cuba, 717n

Cumberland (British ship), 752-5

Cumberland River, 77

Cummings, Mr. (Pa.), 267

Cunha, John, 754

Cunningham, Noble E., xi-xii, 612

Currie, James

letters to, 174, 466-7

letters from, 93-4, 339-40

assists with arbitration, 93-4, 174, 339-40, 466-7

TJ sends vaccine matter to, 174, 279, 312n, 339

curtains, 153

Cutting, John Browne, 380, 383n

Cuvier, Georges, xlviii, 435n

Dale, Richard

commands Mediterranean squadron, 188n, 661n, 663

arrival at Gibraltar, 219n, 228, 277

instructions to, 240-1

departs from Gibraltar, 324-5

retained in service, 488

Dallas, Alexander J.

recommends aspirants for office, 57n, 260n

advises on appointments, 100, 102n

and Duane's sedition trial, 125, 148, 480, 652, 653-4n, 655-6

and the Harmony, 410, 420

and W. Patterson, 664

and inquiry into Latimer's conduct, 725-6

Dalton, Tristram

as bank director, 46-7n, 136n, 304

as D.C. commissioner, 46n, 97-100, 131-2, 208-9, 371-3, 450

encloses estimate of commissioners' debts, 371-3

Dana, Francis, 199

Danbury Baptist Association

letter from, 407-9

supports religious liberty, 407-9

identified, 409n

Dandridge, Bartholomew, Jr.

letter from, 312-13

seeks appointment, 312-13, 322

identified, 313n

Darrell, Edward, 54, 756

Davenport, William, 580

Davidson, James, Jr., 303-5, 399

Davidson, John, 232, 233n, 375, 400, 470n

Davidson, Samuel, 47-8

Davie, Mr. (S.C.), 262

Davie, William R., 75, 197n, 253n, 307

Davies, William, 348, 350, 357

Davis, Cornelius, 150, 152n

Davis, Isaiah, 416n

Davis, John, 160n, 299-301

Davis, John (author)

letter to, 258

letter from, 179-81

seeks to dedicate book to TJ, 179-81, 258

identified, 180n

writings, 180n

Burr forwards TJ's letter to, 692

Davis, Matthew L.

recommended, opposed for appointment, vii, 62, 143-4, 161, 204, 233-5, 237, 238, 272-5, 307, 311, 332, 333n, 753

visits Monticello, vii, 272-3, 286, 287, 289n, 307, 311, 314, 316, 340

relationship with Burr, 63-4n, 287

Oration, 234n

Davis, Thomas T.

letter from, 154-5

seeks appointment, 154-5

advises on appointments, 277

Davis, William (Boston)

letter from cited, 754

Davy. See Hern, David (b. 1784, Davy, TJ's slave)

Davy (b. 1785, TJ's slave), 34

Dawes, Abijah, 46n

Dawson, Mr., 331

Dawson, John

letter from, 105

returns to U.S., 101, 105n, 142, 385

forwards letter from Volney, 105

sends dispatches to U.S., 105, 161, 187n, 188, 193-4n, 217, 445n

carries letters, news to Europe, 141, 380, 381

proposed as peace negotiator, 173-4n

carries ratified convention to France, 178n

appointment of, criticized, 288

letter from cited, 473

letter to cited, 473n

Dawson, Martin

letter from cited, 753

Dayton, Jonathan

accused of misusing public funds, 55, 108, 437-41, 704n, 705n

and S. A. Otis, 514n

Deakins, Francis, 417n

Deakins, William, Jr., 46n

Deane (Continental frigate), 654

Dearborn, Dorcas Osgood Marble, 195

Dearborn, Henry

letters to, 83-4, 116-17, 215-16, 271-2

letters from, 74, 195, 254-5

absent from Washington, viii, 90, 275n, 330

advises on annual message to Congress, xi, 614-15, 622

and fortifications, 6n, 83-4, 195, 271-2, 309, 448n, 688n

advises on Mediterranean squadron, 74

family of, 74, 169, 170n, 195, 215, 216

and military contracts, 74, 116-17, 254-5

and Indian affairs, 76, 196-7, 307, 324, 325n, 404n, 696-8, 748n

forwards information, pamphlets, 86n, 600n

acting secretary of the navy, 168n

advises on appointments, 195, 227, 229n, 314, 440n

cases of Landais and Rowe, 215-16

as reference, 352

and Barraud's removal, 358

applications to, for appointments, 452

attends cabinet meetings, 488-9, 609

and Ellicott's map of southwestern U.S., 549n

and L'Enfant's claim, 564, 567n

method of communication with the president, 576-8

TJ praises, 577

conveys thanks to Lorimier, 599

and War Department appropriations and expenditures, 636n, 638n, 645

and Jordan, 726

debt. See United States: Economy; United States: Public Finance

De Butts, Elias, 711n, 739n, 742, 743n

Decatur, Stephen, Sr., 488

De Chanlas, Monsieur

letter from, 325-6

offers to manage TJ's farms, 325-6

letter from cited, 326n

Decisions of Cases in Virginia, By The High Court of Chancery (George Wythe), 466-7

Declaration of Independence, 6n, 15n, 165n, 610n

deeds, 310, 359-61, 379

DeLacy, John Devereux

letter from, 549-62

sends news, descriptions of southwestern territories, 549-62

identified, 559-60n

Delage de Volude, Nathalie. See Sumter, Nathalie Delage de Volude

Delaware

marshal for, 32-3

Kent Co., 69, 70, 428, 429n

elections in, 69-70, 147, 207n, 324, 427-9

need for removals in, 147

French consul for, 161n

attorneys in, 207-8n

governor, 427-9

legislature, 427-9

district attorney, 428

sheriffs, 428, 429n

Sussex Co., 428, 429n

and American Revolution, 429n

New Castle Co., 429n

circuit court cases in, 658

See also Federalists; Republicans; Wilmington, Del.

Delaware Indians, 599-600

Delaware River, 23n

Demerara, 702, 704-5n

Democratic-Republican societies, 275n

Democratic Society of the City of New-York, 275n

Den Helder, 239, 295

Denison (Dennison), Jabez, 594, 595n

Denmark

U.S. relations with, 13, 14n, 31, 148, 149n, 163n, 189n

armistice with Britain, 32n

prisoners of war, 39n, 110, 111n, 125

Denniston & Cheetham

letter from, 480-1

supports halt to Duane's sedition trial, 480-1, 543-4, 607

See also American Citizen and General Advertiser (New York)

Densley, Hugh, 95

Dent, George, 303, 330, 374, 426

Derieux, Justin Pierre Plumard

letter from cited, 756

Dering, Henry P., 52, 57n

Description topographique, physique, civile, politique et historique de la partie française de l'Isle Saint-Domingue (Médéric Louis Elie Moreau de St. Méry), 356

De Senectute (Cicero), 429n

desertion, 81n, 215, 216n, 219n

Dexter, Samuel, 447-8

Dickerson, Mahlon, 440n

Dickinson, John, 206

Dickson, William, 19n

Dictionnaire Biographique et Historique des Hommes Marquans de la Fin du Dix-Huitième Siècle (attributed to Baron Coiffier de Verseux), 482-4, 542

Diderot, Denis

Synonymes Français, 203

Didot, Pierre and Firmin, 20

Digges, Edward, 502-3

Digges, Elizabeth, 502

Digges, Maria (Molly)

letter from, 502-3

asks TJ for money, 502-3

identified, 503n

letters to, from cited, 503n

Digges, Susannah, 502

Digges, Thomas

letter to, 692

letter from, 681-3

forwards information on coins and counterfeiting, 681-3, 692

Dinmore, Richard, 487n

Dinsmore, Andrew, 11, 12n, 31

Dinsmore, James

and brother's account, 11

letters to, from cited, 756

Direct Tax (1798), 54, 628

Discorso del Signor Tommaso Jefferson (Philip Mazzei), 666, 667, 668n

Dissertation on the Freedom of Navigation and Maritime Commerce (William Barton), 610n

distilleries, 22n

District of Columbia

Rock Creek, ix, 131, 168, 209

streets and roads in, ix, 97, 131-2, 167-8, 172-3, 176, 208-9, 372, 449

commissioners, 46n, 113

U.S. circuit court, 46n

alterations to plan of, 47-8

letters to, from commissioners, 97-100, 129-30, 131-2, 167-8, 208-9, 371-3, 450

Maryland loan to, 97-100, 113, 129-30, 175-6, 208, 371-3

sale of lots in, 113, 129-30, 373, 384-5, 450

TJ on the functions of commissioners, 130

marshal for, 191n, 290

U.S. attorney for, 191n

education in, 203n

letter to commissioners cited, 203n, 750

communications between commissioners and the president, 297-8

survey of lots in, 348-9

estimate of commissioners' debts, 371-3, 384-5

superintendent of public buildings, 372

canals in, 373

James Creek, 373

Tiber Creek, 373

TJ's notes on commissioners' accounts, 384-5

divided into counties, 444

taxes, 444

and L'Enfant, 562-8

maps of, 564, 568n

commissioner of public buildings, 717n

See also Georgetown, D.C.; Washington, D.C.

Dixon, Roger, 552, 560-1n

Dobrée, Pierre Frédéric, 494, 495n

Dodge, Nehemiah

letter from, 407-9

supports religious liberty, 407-9

identified, 409n

Doll (b. 1757, TJ's slave), 35

Dolly (b. 1794, TJ's slave), 35

Dolton, Mr., 301-2

Donath, Joseph, 225, 676n

donkeys, 105n

Donnell, John, 469n, 665

Dorsey, Mr., 95

Dorsey, William H., 136n

Dougherty, Joseph

handles payments, 128

and delivery of TJ's carriage, 224, 270, 282, 328-9, 421

and E. Maher, 421n

hauls coal, 470n

stable accounts, 757-9

Douglas, George

letter from, 8-9

and engraving of Va. Capitol, 8-9

writings, 9n

D'Oyley, Daniel

advises on appointments, 13-14n, 32, 53

reports on S.C. politics, 100, 101-2n

recommended for office, 320n

drapery, viii

Drayton, John

letter to, 258-9

letter from, 114-15

appoints commissioner of Direct Tax, 54

and recognition of Chancognie, 114-15, 258-9

and return of French prisoners, 114-15, 259, 268

letter from cited, 756

Drayton, Stephen, 189n

Dresden, 237n

Driskell, James

letter from cited, 752

Duane, William

letter to, 41

forwards books to TJ, 20

recommends aspirants for office, 23n, 55, 57n, 108, 285

TJ advises on postal schedules in Va., 41

urges removals, 100

sedition trial of, 125, 148, 480-1, 543-4, 607, 613, 617, 651n, 652, 653-4n, 655-7

as reference, 326n

alleges misuse of public funds, 438, 440-1n, 700-1, 704n, 706n

printing and binding contract, 469n

evaluates political sympathies of government clerks, 477n

TJ pledges support for, 479

sends regards to TJ, 513

See also Aurora (Philadelphia)

Dublin, Ireland, 93

Ducarne de Blangy, Jacques Joseph, 194n

duels, 551, 560n, 701, 705-6n

Dufief, Nicolas Gouin

letter to, 542

letters from, 20, 482-4

bookseller, 20

offers books from Franklin's library, 482-4, 542

letter to cited, 483n, 753

letter from cited, 542n, 751

sends books to TJ, 542n

Dugnani, Antonio

letter from cited, 189n

Duhamel du Monceau, M.

Traité des arbres fruitiers, xlix

Duke, Henry

letter to cited, 752

Dunbar, William

letter from, 121-4

TJ recommends, 18

meteorological observations, 121, 124n

scientific pursuits, 121-4

Dunkirk, France, 65, 280

Dunlop, James, 190, 191n

Dunlop, John, 136n

Dunwoody's Tavern (Philadelphia), 118n

du Pont, Victor Marie, 464, 465n

du Pont de Nemours, Éleuthère Irénée, 74

Du Pont de Nemours, Pierre Samuel, 74, 448n

Duralde, Martin Milony, 121-2, 124n

DuVal, William, 104n

Dwight, Timothy, 369, 370n, 497

Dyson, Joseph, 759

Eagle (British brig), 132, 134n

Early, Joshua, 659

Eastern Branch. See Anacostia River

Easton, David, 82-3, 500

Easton, Sarah Harrison, 82, 83n

Eaton, William

dispatches from, 108, 109n, 162, 189-90n

charters vessel, 148, 149n, 162-3

consul at Tunis, 240

estimates marine force of Tunis, 664

eclipses, 423, 424n

economics, 341

Eddins, Samuel

seeks appointment, 112

letter from cited, 112n

Edgehill (Randolph estate), 373, 471, 578, 579

Edinburgh, 103n, 278n, 279n, 425n, 531n

education

legal, 144, 335-6, 670n

Catholic, 202-3n

of women, 471, 475

See also medicine

Edwards, Enoch

letters to, 155, 309, 429-30

letters from, 115-16, 181-2

TJ orders carriage from, viii, 115-16, 155, 181-2, 224, 282, 309, 429-30

and G. Stuart's portrait of TJ, 225, 282-3, 329

health of, 329

TJ's account with, 418

letter from cited, 755

Edwards, Frances Gordon, 181, 309, 429

Edwards, John, 229n

Edwards, Pierpont

letters from, 259-60, 484-6, 514-15

as reference, 71

family of, 229n

recommends aspirants for office, 259-60, 484-6, 511, 754

letters from cited, 260n, 511n, 754

recommends E. Whitney, 514-15

advises on appointments, 515

Edwin (b. 1793; TJ's slave), 34

Egypt

donkeys from, 105n

accounts from, 108, 192, 239, 295, 415

France attempts to reinforce, 194n

French army in, capitulates, 239n, 296, 297n, 415n

restored to Ottoman Empire, 395, 398n

pyramids, 426

Britain and France to evacuate, 714

Elam, Samuel

letter from, 593-5

and Spanish seizures of U.S. vessels, 593-5

identified, 595n

election of 1800

in Va., 185, 256

in S.C., 201-2

in Del., 207n

in N.Y., 233, 234n, 332

in New York City, 235n

in Md., 303n

in Miss. Terr., 553

in Vt., 686n

election of 1804, xi, 286

Elgar, John, 717n

Elgar, Joseph, Jr.

letter from, 715-17

seeks to acquire sample of serpentine, 715-17

identified, 717n

Elgin, Thomas Bruce, Earl of, 415

Eliza (sloop), 454n

Elk Island, Va., 321n

Elk Run Church (Fauquier Co., Va.), 568, 581

Ellery, Christopher

letter to, 309-10

letter from, 156-7

recommended for office, 4, 6n

and Geffroy letters, 6n, 87n, 156-7, 272, 309-10

elected to U.S. Senate, 78

letters from cited, 752

Ellery, William, 4, 5, 6n

Ellicott, Andrew

letters from, 106-7, 423-4, 548-9

as surveyor of Federal District, 47

advises on southwestern territories, 106-7

boundary surveys, 106-7, 249, 253n, 561n

Journal of Andrew Ellicott, 107n

astronomical research, 423, 424n, 548-9

appointed secretary of Pa. land office, 423-4

map of southwestern U.S., 423-4, 548-9

Ellicott, Sarah Brown, 549n

Ellsworth, Oliver, 173

Emory, Arthur, 451, 452n

Encyclopédie Méthodique, 356

engineers, 448n, 564, 567n

English Channel, 239

English language, 5n

Enquiry, Concerning the Liberty, and Licentiousness of the Press, and the Uncontroulable Nature of the Human Mind (John Thomson), 67-8

Enterprize (U.S. schooner), 219n, 588-9, 642, 663, 668n

Episcopal Church, 71n, 409n

Eppes, Elizabeth Wayles (Mrs. Francis Eppes, TJ's sister-in-law), 685n

Eppes, Francis (TJ's brother-in-law)

manages TJ's affairs, 453n, 524n

introduction to, sought, 684

family of, 685n

letters to cited, 754, 755, 756

letter from cited, 755

Eppes, Francis Wayles (TJ's grandson)

birth of, vii, 374n, 511n

health of, vii, 373, 419, 504, 510, 578, 579, 590, 690, 735, 744-5

in-laws of, 508n

nurses for, 580n

Eppes, John Wayles (TJ's son-in-law)

letter to, 418-20

letters from, 373-4, 503-4, 578-9

and smallpox vaccination, 278, 495, 572

purchases horses for TJ, 278n

sends news of family, work at Monticello, 373-4, 578-9

TJ gives Poplar Forest land to, 414-15, 418-20, 503-4, 510, 659

invited to Monticello, 419, 510

TJ's correspondence with, 471

TJ's affection for, 472, 511

family of, 685n

letter to cited, 754

letter from cited, 756

Eppes, Mary Jefferson (Maria, Polly, Mrs. John Wayles Eppes, TJ's daughter)

letter to, 510-11

letter from, 579-80

invited to Monticello, vii, 419, 510-11

health of, 373, 419, 504, 510-11, 735

invited to Washington, 471

wishes to spend more time with TJ, 579

reports on illness among Eppes, Randolph children, 579-80

Epsilon Piscium (star), 549n

Erie Canal, 284n

erosion, 707

Essay on the Liberty of the Press (George Hay), 136n

Essay on the Principle of Population (Thomas Robert Malthus), 532-3n

Essequibo, 705n

Essex (U.S. frigate), 219, 668

Essex Junto, 6n

Esther (b. 1796, TJ's slave), 35

Etruria, 694-5

Euler, Leonhard, 532n

Eulogium on the Death of Gen. George Washington (Samuel G. Bishop), 37n

Euphrates River, 105n

Europe

and neutral rights, 81, 241-6

republicanism in, 236, 295-6, 540-1

impact of peace on, 396-7, 707-8

population growth in, 533n

agricultural practices in, 706-7

merchants of, use American vessels, 728-31

timber markets in, 730

smallpox vaccination in, 736

Eustis, William, 352, 687

Evans, Lewis (Miss. Terr.), 553, 561n

Evans, Philip (b. 1790; Randolph slave), 34

Evans, William

letter to, 542-3

letter from, 569-70

and suicide of James Hemings, 542-3, 569-70

Evelina (b. 1797, TJ's slave), 35

Ewing, John, 213

Examination of the New-Haven Remonstrance with an Appendix, Containing the President's Inaugural Speech, the Remonstrance and Reply (Lucius Junius Brutus), 459, 460n

Examiner (Richmond), 233n

exequaturs, 148, 162, 163n, 258, 528n, 599

Fairbanks, Jason, 300, 301n

Fales, Elizabeth, 301n

Faris (Farras) (Albemarle Co.), 379, 380n, 413

"Farmer" (Levi Lincoln), 147n, 305-6

Farmer, Samuel, 726

Farmer of New Jersey; or, A Picture of Domestic Life (John Davis), 180n

Fay, David, 685

Fay, Joseph, 142

feathers, 270

Federal Gazette (Baltimore), 452n

Federalists

criticize absence of department heads, viii, 275n, 288, 315

return to Republican ranks, ix, 33, 45, 64, 70, 74-5, 85, 145, 146, 381, 399, 501, 521

in R.I., 3-5, 6n

clergy allied with, 4, 147, 338, 497, 501, 521

in Conn., 4, 33, 485-6, 519-20, 529, 597-9, 675n

in Mass., 4, 54, 56n, 146-7, 222, 305-6, 521

in N.H., 4, 601, 652-5

printers, newspapers, 4, 56n, 80, 126n, 146-7, 263n, 265, 288, 305-6, 324n, 338, 381-2, 399, 460n, 480-1, 519-20, 521-2, 598, 705n

support among, for TJ's administration, 4, 85

called Tories, British party, 4-5, 164, 236, 238, 529, 653n, 664

leaders irreconcilable, 4-5, 42-3, 45, 64, 70, 80, 145, 399

removal of expected, urged, 4-5, 6n, 13-14n, 42-3, 54, 55, 164, 234, 237, 238, 272-4, 318-19, 365-6, 481n

Essex Junto, 6n

monopolize public offices, 6n, 85, 145, 381

in S.C., 13-14n, 32, 100, 101-2n, 201-2

associated with monarchy, 21, 46, 85, 145, 146-7, 161, 236, 501, 701

renewed opposition by, expected, 32, 64

in Vt., 36, 265, 575n, 684-6

seek to retain offices, 36-7

called aristocrats, 42, 183, 478, 506

refuse to resign, 42

calls to sweep, from office, 42-3

judiciary dominated by, 43, 147

oppose foreigners, 43

lax departmental oversight by, 53-4

seized by frenzy, madness, 54, 56n, 310

removals would unite, 55

former Loyalists among, 62, 274n, 332, 481n, 601, 655, 679

in Del., 69-70, 207-8n, 427-9

appointment of, opposed, 85, 108

TJ considers most to be republicans, 85, 146

become cautious, prudent, 88, 497-8

in N.Y., 101, 275n, 675n

in Philadelphia, 118n

and restoration of the Berceau, 147n

offices their source of strength, 164

in Pa., 164-5, 184, 205

cannot be trusted, 173

and France, 173-4

in Va., 183, 256, 529, 570, 665

in D.C., 190

in N.J., 226, 365, 591n

in New York City, 236-7, 238

Constitution threatened by, 265, 528, 576

accused of waste, fraud in public spending, 276-7

in Ga., 288n

in Boston, 299

interfere with postal service, 331, 440n, 597-9, 619

in N.C., 389-90

seek to divide Republicans, 427

threaten, remove Republican subordinates, 439, 440n, 630n, 654n, 700-1, 703

in Ohio, 456, 473-4, 477-8

claim no removals made for political opinions, 459

removals destroy stability of public office, 460n

threaten, use economic reprisals, 474, 653n

in New England, 520-1

in Md., 529

misinterpret TJ's visits in Va., 529

in Miss. Terr., 553

as clerks, 702, 703, 704n

"Federal Republican" (pseudonym), 305-6

Female Humane Association (Baltimore), 471, 475

Fenner, Arthur, 4, 6n

Fenwick, Joseph, 101, 108

Ferdinand IV, King of Naples (and King of Sicily), 724-5

Fergusson, David

letters from, 51-2, 334-5

advises TJ on taxation, 51-2

identified, 52n

"Seven Friends," 52n, 335n

forwards petition, 334-5

Fernando Póo, Africa, 561n

Fero, David, Jr., 551-2, 560n

Ferrall, Patrick, 703, 706n

ferries, 224-5, 329, 590n

Fetter, Daniel, 228n

Fetter, George, 228n

Few, William

advises on appointments, 226, 287-8

carries letter to Gallatin, 440n

letter from cited, 753

figs, 12

Findlay, James, 392n

Finley, Samuel, 170n, 227

firearms, 10

fires, 259n

firewood, 580, 759

Fish, Nicholas, 101, 102n, 118, 272

Fisher, Caleb, 347

Fisher, James C., 46n

Fitch, Jabez G., 686n

Fitzgerald, John, 682, 683n

Fitzhugh, Henry, 569n

Fitzhugh, Nicholas, 569n, 581

Fitzhugh, Richard, 569n, 581

Fitzhugh, William, 569n, 581

FitzSimons, Thomas, 425n

Flagg, Samuel, Jr., 56n

Flamand, James, 24-5

Fleming, Col. John, 320, 446

Fleming, William

letter to, 320-1

letter from, 445-6

and Wayles estate, 320-1, 445-6

Florence, Italy, 538

Florida

attempt to introduce camels in, 105n

acquisition of, urged, 106

boundary of W. Fla., 106, 561n

Spanish militia in, 106

French interest in, 228, 669-70

map of, 423

and Indian trade, 559n

U.S. attorney for, 560n

settlement of emancipated slaves in, 669

U.S. occupation of, urged, 669-70

See also Pensacola, Fla.

flour, 95

Folsom (Folsome), Nathaniel, 601

Forbes, John Murray, 493-4, 498

Forfait, Pierre Alexandre, 194n

forgeries

letters, 6n, 156-7, 309

state certificates, 37n

ship registers, 236-8

Forman, Mr., 370

Forrest, Uriah

and Bank of Columbia, 44-5, 191n

reputation of, 44-5, 46n, 166, 190

and Maryland loan, 97-8, 113n, 129-30

suit against Hanson, 399-400, 479

Forsyth, Jacob, 481n

Forton prison, 675

Fossett, Joseph (1780-1858, Joe, TJ's slave), 34, 35n

fossils, 121-2, 124n, 433

Foster, Mr., 635

Foster, Dorothy Dwight, 520, 522n

Foster, Dwight, 520, 522n

Foster, Theodore

letter to, 260

letter from, 520-2

plans for annual publication, 260, 520

reports on New England politics, newspapers, 520-2

Fouché, Joseph, 193, 194n

Foulis Press (Glasgow), 542n

Foushee, John H., 279n

Foushee, William

letter from, 278-9

TJ sends vaccine matter to, 278-9, 312n

identified, 279n

letter to cited, 279n, 750

Fowler, Alexander, 499-500

Fowler, John, 14n, 155

Fox, Samuel M., 705n

France

Agriculture

olive trees, 105n

sheep, 105n, 463-4, 465n

"artificial" meadows, 325-6

dairy production, 461

Art

exhibited at Louvre, 538, 539n

Economy

coal, 345n

seeks to restore commerce, 535, 729

Foreign Relations

with Spain, 18, 535, 695n

with the Vatican, 194n

expeditionary force to Saint-Domingue, 395-6, 398n, 535, 539n

increasing influence of, 396

acquires Belgium, 535, 539n

territories gained in preliminary peace, 714-15

South American interests of, 720

Navy

captures British warships, 192, 194n

gunboats, 192, 194n

size, strength of, 509, 535

timber for, 730

Politics and Government

constitution, 296, 396-7, 495n, 536

list of banned émigrés, 344, 345n

not a republic, 378, 535-7

emancipation in French colonies, 528

Senate, 535

Code Civil, 708n

Science and Learning

source for books, 20

shipbuilding, 192, 194n

plaster of paris, 192-3

smallpox vaccination, 199, 490, 491n

engineers, 448n

weights and measures, 462, 465n

National Institute of Arts and Science, 465n

Society

Catholic church in, 194n, 536

U.S. Relations with

immigrants to U.S., 5n, 156, 216n, 325-6, 344-5, 368n

and Louisiana, 18, 228, 396, 507, 509, 527, 535, 540, 669-70, 695n

and naval prizes, 22, 38-9, 56, 57n, 79, 86, 88, 90, 108, 110, 111n, 125, 145-6, 158, 276, 498-9, 513n, 528n, 677

and exoneration from treaties, 38, 39n, 108, 228

and treaty of amity and commerce, 38-9, 105n, 111n, 228, 244, 245n, 420

French privateers in U.S. ports, 56, 57n, 79-80, 132, 134n, 154, 404

French role in American Revolution, 68-9

interference with U.S. shipping, commerce, 82-3n, 593-5

French consuls in U.S., 114-15, 161n, 258, 292, 562n

French prisoners in U.S., 114-15, 146, 147n, 259, 268, 513n

Americans in French service, 125

TJ offered passage on the Romulus, 125, 126n

French chargé d'affaires, 161-2n, 292

Federalists undermine relations, 173-4

and Florida, 228, 669-70

claims commission, 252n

U.S. minister to, 270-1

French attitudes toward U.S., 396, 537

and Saint-Domingue, 398n, 527-8

French as U.S. consuls, 494, 528

proposed American bank at Paris, 526, 528n

France seeks friendly relations with U.S., 540

resumption of trade, 540

French minister plenipotentiary, 609n

See also Convention of 1800

War with Britain and Second Coalition

preliminary articles of peace signed, ix, 193-4n, 385-6, 395-8, 401, 641-2, 687, 707-8, 714-15, 723, 734, 735, 736

and the Windsor, 39n, 110, 111n, 125

Austria capitulates, 192

in Egypt, 192, 194n, 239n, 415n

Portugal invaded, 192, 194n

potential expedition to England, 192, 297n

prospects for peace with Britain, 228, 295-7

treatment of neutral nations, commerce, 244

blockade of French ports, 280-1

invades Portugal, 442n

left bank of Rhine ceded to France, 535, 539n

occupation of Naples, 725n

Francis, Dorothy Willing, 118n

Francis, Thomas Willing, 118n

Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, 539n

Franklin, Benjamin

family of, 23, 102n

friendship with TJ, 23

and Le Ray de Chaumont, 65

and introduction of redbirds to France, 105n

as scientist, 200

commissioner in Paris, 245n

library of, 482-4, 542, 699

observations on population growth, 533n

Franklin, Deborah Read, 23n

Franklin; or, A Political, Agricultural and Mechanical Gazette, 487-8

Franklin, William Temple, 482, 483

Frederick (servant), 178

Frederick (ship), 281n

Frederick Academy, 387, 388n

Fredericksburg, Va., 41, 569

Frederick William III, King of Prussia, 396, 702

Freeman, John, 421n

Freemasons, 71n

freight, 232-3, 276n

French, George, 523

French Guiana, 194n

French language

spoken by U.S. consuls, consular candidates, 58, 59, 65n, 249, 250

spoken by office seekers, 197

French Revolution

impact of, 204n, 280, 397, 535-6, 564, 567n

refugees from, 325

Reign of Terror, 351, 397

support for, 459

Freneau, Peter

letter from, 261

and pardon for D. Hopkins, 41-2, 261, 391

Freneau, Philip, 533n

Freret, Nicolas

“Lettre de Trasibule à Leucippe,” 482-4, 542

Friends, Society of, 4, 324n, 425n

fruit

dried, 95, 96n

Fry, Michael

letter to, 486

letter from, 457-8

presents "Mammoth Veal" to TJ, 457-8, 479

identified, 458n

thanked by TJ, 486, 513

Fuller, Benjamin, 702

Fulton, Robert

experiments with submarines, 509-10

letter from cited, 510n, 755

and steamboat navigation, 560n

Fuqua, Daniel, 22n

Gaines's Tavern (Va.), 568

Gallatin, Albert

letters to, 31-3, 84-6, 117-18, 157-9, 216-17, 263, 314-15, 374-5, 420-1, 449, 580, 595-6, 606, 622, 655-7, 674, 740

letters from, 12-14, 41-2, 52-7, 91-2, 100-2, 107-9, 132-6, 168-70, 226-30, 272-5, 284-9, 329-30, 391-2, 404, 410-11, 467-9, 496-7, 570-1, 586-8, 596-7, 622-4, 626-30, 630-6, 652-4, 693, 711, 725-6, 738-40, 741-3

letter to cited, 416n, 750

letter from cited, 711n

Personal Affairs

residence in Washington, viii, 109, 133

family, 109, 133, 168, 170n, 188, 216, 266, 273, 283, 284n, 315

health of, 273, 496-7

returns to Washington, 330

and John Davis, 692

Politics

and M. L. Davis, vii, 272-5, 286, 287

and election of 1804, xi, 286

and S.C. appointments, 12-14, 53-4

admiration for, 43, 183

criticism of, 43, 222, 703

urges moderation in removals, 55, 272-3, 316

as reference, 180

and ratification of the Convention of 1800, 228

observations on Pa. and N.Y. politics, 285-7

suggests amending the Constitution, 286, 314

Secretary of the Treasury

advises on appointments, ix, 52-7, 84-6, 100-2, 107-9, 117-18, 120, 133, 157-9, 169, 170n, 216, 226-30, 263, 284-9, 314, 374-5, 467-9, 496-7, 570-1, 580, 622

method of communication with the president, x, 576-8, 586, 595-6, 596-7, 606

advises on annual message to Congress, xi, 613, 614-15, 617, 622-4, 626-30, 630-6

collectors and collectorships, 13, 693, 713, 725-6

sends abstracts of Treasury warrants, 13, 14n, 31, 54, 56n, 86, 100, 102n, 117, 133, 135n, 169, 216, 227, 229n, 288, 329-30, 374-5n, 469n, 570-1n, 587-8n, 597, 606, 711n, 738n

and pardon for D. Hopkins, 41-2, 84, 86n, 109, 158-9, 261-2

appointment of, commended by Federalists, 43

and Bank of the U.S., 43, 132, 133-4n, 135-6n, 603, 604n, 606, 731-2

marine hospitals, 52-3, 57n, 84-5, 107-8

applications to, for appointments, 52n, 55, 57n, 195, 230n, 260n, 288, 289n, 290, 330, 333n, 665

and delinquent accounts, 53, 57n, 108, 109n, 133, 134-5n, 169-70, 226, 317, 374, 467, 587n

and internal taxes, 54, 693

and repayment of Dutch loan, 54, 227-8, 288n, 597n, 623

reappointment of W. P. Gardner and A. Campbell, 55, 86, 108, 158, 284-5, 314, 437, 439, 440-1n, 449, 702, 704-5n

and the Beguine, 57n

and Indian affairs, 76, 696-7

and Geffroy letters, 90

and lighthouses, 91-2, 133, 135n, 159, 738

naval prizes in neutral ports, 108, 132-3, 134n, 158

and Mediterranean affairs, 108-9

and Bank of Columbia, 135n, 191n, 545-6n

issues circulars, 169-70, 216, 606n

and Northwest Terr., 170n, 587n

and orders for the Boston, 211, 216

and land office fees, 230n

and Barraud's removal, 358

and the Harmony, 404, 410-11, 420-1

and B. Rittenhouse's application, 416n

attends cabinet meetings, 488-9, 609

correspondence with C. Pinckney, 538

TJ praises, 577

and T. Coxe, 584

explains routine Treasury correspondence, 586-8

and revenue cutters, 596, 653n

and J. Nourse's accounts, 622-3, 674

discharge of public debt, 623-4, 627-9, 632

estimates revenue and expenditures, 623-4, 626-30, 631-3, 645, 693

difficulty of gaining thorough knowledge of his department, 629

reduction of civil list, 633

communications with Congress, 633-4, 635-6n

misapplication of public money, 635

Memorandum on Reporting of Expenses, 636-8

and postage on newspapers, 650n

and Duane's sedition trial, 652, 655-7

and New Hampshire Bank, 652-3

and conduct of McLane, 693

and the Sally, 711, 738-40, 740, 741-3

Gallatin, Albert Rolaz, 168, 170n, 188, 216, 273, 315

Gallatin, Catherine, 170n, 315

Gallatin, Hannah Nicholson, 86, 170n, 273, 315

galleys, 488

Gallois, Jean Antoine, 730

Gálvez, Bernardo de, 327

Gamble, James, 57n

Ganteaume, Honoré Joseph, 192, 194n

Gantt, Edward

letters to, 170-1, 321

letters from, 102-3, 230-2, 289-90, 430

and smallpox vaccination, vii, 47, 89, 91, 102-3, 166, 312, 604-5, 698

identified, 103n

TJ sends vaccine matter to, 120, 121n, 170-1, 230-1, 289-90, 311, 321, 495, 573

letter to cited, 121n, 750

and J. Barnes, 179

Waterhouse sends vaccine matter to, 198, 231

recommends R. Parrott, 290

as reference, 364

as attending physician at President's House, 383

forwards Mitchill's "Memorandum," 430

Gantt, Thomas T., 371

Gardiner, John

letter from, 543

proposal for a ship company, 543

Gardiner, William (Baltimore)

letter to, 264

letter from, 197

seeks appointment, 197, 264

Gardner, William (N.H.), 263n, 654

Gardner, William P.

letter from, 699-706

seeks appointment, 55, 86, 108, 158, 284, 314, 702

reimbursement of moving expenses, 289n

exposes delinquent Treasury accounts, 439, 440n

defends his conduct to TJ, 699-706

visits Washington, 702, 704n

identified, 705n

Garland, Hudson M.

letter from cited, 756

Garonne River, 325, 461

Garrett, Alexander, 232, 349, 350n, 375, 757

Gaston, Mr. (S.C.), 262

Gates, Horatio, 311

Gavino, John, 219n

Gazette de Leide (Leyden Gazette), 295-6

Gazette of the United States (Philadelphia), 154n, 480-1, 607, 693

"Geffroy, Nicholas" (pseudonym)

letter to, 87

letter from, 3-6

reports Federalist abuses in R.I., urges removals, 3-6, 83-4, 90

identified, 5n

letter from cited, 6n, 749

letters declared forgeries, 6n, 156-7, 271-2, 309-10

TJ requests further information from, 87

Gelston, David

collector at New York City, 13, 135n, 237n

recommends M. L. Davis, 234n, 274n

relationship with R. Rogers, 236-7

member of Democratic Society, 275n

reputation of, among merchants, 291-2

and beacon at Sandy Hook, 738

General Greene (U.S. frigate), 548n, 668

Genesee River, 695, 697

Genet, Edmond Charles, 244, 246n

Geneva, 199, 672

geology, 716-17

geometric progression, xi, 531-3, 545, 643

George III, King of Great Britain, 294n

Georgetown, D.C.

banks, 44, 46n, 546n

physicians, 119n

roads in, 131, 172

Federalists in, 190

merchants, 190, 289n, 546n

collector at, 191n, 288, 289n, 290

post office, 218n

smallpox vaccination at, 278, 289-90, 311

booksellers, 356n

ferry at, 590n

See also District of Columbia

Georgetown College, 203n

George Washington (U.S. ship), 13, 163-4

Georgia

collection of internal revenues in, 54

seeks Creek cessions, 72-3

Tallassee Co., 73

governors, 144n

militia, 144n

Republicans in, 145, 288n, 324

attorneys, 288n

Federalists in, 288n

marshal for, 288n

U.S. attorney for, 288n

Brunswick, 366-7, 368n

postmasters, 367, 368n

smuggling, 367

courts, 368n

Glynn Co., 368n

galleys in, 488n

commissioner of loans, 570, 580

circuit court cases in, 658

See also Savannah, Ga.

Georgia, University of, 71, 73n

German language, 79, 80n

Germans

in Pa., 79, 80n, 513

Germany, 236, 396, 706-8, 715

Gerry, Elbridge

and Létombe, 61

as reference, 142

letter from cited, 316n, 754

recommends W. R. Lee, 316n, 754

and Short, 463, 465n

Gerryites, 516

Gerry, Samuel R., 108, 109n, 586, 587n

Getz, Mr. (Lancaster, Pa.), 523-4

Gibbon, Edward, 346n

Gibbs, George, 595n

Giberson (Gilbertson), Gilbert

letter from cited, 752

Gibraltar

Tripolitan vessels at, 219, 228, 277, 325, 389, 415, 630-1, 639

U.S. squadron arrives at, 219, 228, 277, 303, 324-5, 630-1

consul at, 219n

American vessels touch at, 406, 425, 593-5

Spain declares blockade of, 406, 407n, 425, 488, 507, 545, 593-5

Gibson, Patrick, 103-4

Gibson & Jefferson

letter to, 349-50

handle TJ's business affairs in Richmond, 23-4, 127-8, 179n, 225, 270, 328, 349-50, 659, 757

collect payments, handle transactions for Short, 128

and sale of TJ's tobacco, 171n

letter to cited, 350n, 750

letter from cited, 749

See also Jefferson, George

Giles, Aquila, 101

Giles, William Branch

letter from, 344-5

recommends A. Tubeuf, 344-5, 377

character of, defended, 701

Gillespie, James, 390

Gillette, Agnes (b. 1798, Aggy, TJ's slave), 35

Gillette, Barnaby (b. 1783, TJ's slave), 34

Gillette, Edward (b. 1760, Ned, TJ's slave), 35

Gillette, James (b. 1796, TJ's slave), 35

Gillette, Priscilla (b. 1794, Scilla, TJ's slave), 35

Gilliam, Lucy Skelton, 321n, 753

Gilliam, Robert, 320-1, 753

Gilmanton Rural Gazette (Gilmanton, N.H.), 37n

Gilpin, George

forwards items to TJ, 282, 283n, 437n

letter from cited, 749

letter to cited, 750

girandoles, viii, 153

Girard, Stephen, 65

Gist, Major (Ky.), 77

Glasgow, 82

glass, 12, 30, 95, 225, 676n

Glass, The (Cherokee chief), 196n, 308, 748n

Glendy, John, 183, 184n, 350-1, 406, 426

Glenn, Noble W., 325n

Godwin, William, 346n

Goforth, William, 392n

gold, 343n

Golden, Abraham, 394-5, 590

Goldsborough, Charles W., 447n

Good Hope, Cape of, 395, 715

Goodrich, Elizur, 80, 80n, 600n

Gordon, Ambrose, 288n

Gordon's Tavern (Gordonsville, Orange Co.), 569

Gore, Christopher, 160n

Goupy, J. B., 368n

Graham, Mr. (Richmond coal dealer), 232

Graham, John, 80, 189, 190n, 218, 311, 340

Graham, William, 433-4, 435-6n

Graham, William H.

letter from cited, 756

Grand Turk (ship), 219n

Granger, Francis, 505, 506n

Granger, Gideon

letters to, 404-5, 449, 528-9

letters from, 504-6, 511, 515, 584-5

as reference, 71

offered Treasury appointment, 404-5

letters from cited, 405n, 511n, 750, 754

offered, accepts postmaster generalship, 449, 504-6, 511, 515, 528-9, 584-5, 607

political influence of, 476n, 505

advises on appointments, 486, 675n

family of, 505, 506n

recommends aspirants for office, 511n, 754

Granger, John Albert, 505, 506n

Granger, Mindwell Pease (Mrs. Gideon Granger), 505, 506n

Granger, Ralph, 505, 506n

Grant, Hary

letter from, 452-3

forwards letter from C. Pinckney, 452-3

identified, 453n

grates, 152, 466, 480

Gray, Vincent, 43, 46n

Great Britain

Agriculture

horses, 105n

wheat prices, 280-1

seeds, 707

Economy

roads, 155

merchants, 281n

packet lines, 543

and Indian trade, 559n

and slave trade, 561n

copper, 587n, 682

coinage, 681-2

manufacturing, 682

scarcity of timber, 730

Foreign Relations

with Denmark, 32n

with Russia, 32n

and Barbary states, 78

with Spain, 111n

with Portugal, 192, 194n, 246n, 442n

influence in Mediterranean, 341

dwindling influence in continental Europe, 396

and West Indies, 396

Laws

principles of neutral rights, 81, 244

admiralty courts, 163, 333n, 367, 402n, 545, 547, 548n

dower rights, 363n

common law, 655

Navy

enters Baltic, 192

naval action near Algeciras, 192, 239, 407n

warships captured by France and Spain, 192, 194n

deserters from, 219n

and smallpox vaccination, 231

blockades French ports, 280-1, 406, 407n

off Dutch coast, 295, 297n

attacks French ships at Boulogne, 297n

size of, 509

timber for, 730

Politics and Government

Parliament, 482-4

terms of preliminary peace condemned, 714-15

Science and Learning

smallpox vaccination, vii, 231, 490

public health, 425n

U.S. Relations with

interference with U.S. shipping, 10, 280-1, 367, 401, 402n, 546-8

and naval prizes, 37-9, 56, 57n, 79, 80-1, 86, 90, 108, 110-11, 124-5, 153-4, 158, 404

immigrants to U.S., 51, 52n, 180n, 356n, 451, 595n

and French privateers in U.S. ports, 56, 57n, 79-80, 677

opens Mediterranean bases to U.S. Navy, 74, 663

slowness of replies by British ministry, 80-1

and extraditions, 81-2n

secretary of U.S. legation, 144n, 237n

use of fraudulent ship registers by British, 236-8

resolution of debt claims, 506-7, 519, 525, 545, 615, 628, 630, 635n, 660

and Florida, 557

share of U.S. funded debt, 672

refuses to issue exequatur, 705n

and removal of condemned slaves from Va., 719

War with France

preliminary articles of peace signed, ix, 193-4n, 385-6, 395-8, 401, 641-2, 687, 707-8, 714-15, 723, 734, 735, 736

and the Windsor, 39n

defense against French invasion, 192, 194n, 297n

and Egypt, 192, 239, 415n

may threaten Portuguese colonies, 192

prospects for peace, 228, 239, 295-7

peace with northern powers, 239

Greenleaf, James, 401, 402n

Gregorie, John, 279-80

Gregory of Tours, 462, 465n

Grenada, W.I., 82n

Grenville, William Wyndham, Lord, 715n

Griffin, Burgess

hired as overseer at Poplar Forest, 21-2, 525, 659-60

letter to cited, 507n, 755

letter from cited, 756

Griffin, Cyrus, 72, 73n

Griffing, Joseph, 492n

Griffith, Dennis

letter from, 411-12

theory for calculating longitude, 411-12

Grigsby, Joseph, 27-8

Grove, William Barry, 376

Guadeloupe, W.I., 134n

Guerard, Robert G., 109n

guilders, 228

Guinea, Gulf of, 561n

Guion, Isaac, 551, 560n

Gulf of Mexico, 106

gunboats, 192

gunpowder

manufacture of, 74

ordered by TJ, 118, 137, 171

for dey of Algiers, 148, 163

price of, 171

gypsum, 707

Habersham, Joseph

letter to, 209-10

letters from, 291, 330-1

as postmaster general, 77-8

offered new appointment, 169, 209-10, 216, 288, 291, 307, 330

declines appointment, 330-1, 405n

resigns as postmaster general, 334, 364, 374, 460, 529

college classmates of, 516

and Litchfield postmastership, 598-9

Haden, George, 383n

Hagner, Peter, 703, 706n

Halifax, Nova Scotia, 134n

Hall, David, 427-9

Hall, Edward (Marine officer), 218n

Hall, John (Del.), 702

Hall, John (Marine officer), 218n

Hamburg, Germany

firearms imported from, 10n

consul at, 82, 83n, 500

smallpox vaccination at, 199

rags imported from, 214

Hamilton, Alexander

as secretary of the Treasury, 26n, 634

and Alexandria collectorship, 43, 46n

as opposition leader, 101, 460n

and American neutrality, 111n

and the Hope, 160n

attends Annapolis Convention, 206

praises R. Rogers, 333n

visits Pearce's factory, 451

advises on Washington's annual address, 614

and fortification of New York harbor, 688n

and beacon at Sandy Hook, 738n

Hamilton, William, 42

Hamilton & Wilkinson (Nassau), 546-7

Hammell, William

petition from, 492

seeks appointment, 492

Hammer, Frédéric L., 351-2

Hammond, Abijah, 46n

Hammond, George, 368n

Hammuda Bey (of Tunis)

letter to, 240-1

jewels for, 148, 189-90n

requests cannon from U.S., 148, 149n, 162, 189

TJ affirms peace and friendship with, 240-1, 265

See also Tunis

Hampden-Sydney College, 499n

hams, 137, 171, 406

Hancock, Mr., 404, 410-11, 420

Hand, Edward, 164, 165n

Hannibal, 319n

Hannibal (British ship-of-war), 192

Hanover, Germany, 295, 296n

Hans, Mr., 42

Hanse, Conrad

letter from, 421

builds carriage for TJ, 115, 116, 181-2

account with TJ, 182, 224, 270, 282-3, 309, 328-9

sends new harness to TJ, 421

Hanson, Samuel

letter to, 321-2

letter from, 42-7

seeks cashier's appointment, offers political advice, 42-7

Bank of Columbia cashier, 128

TJ recommends, 166-7, 303-5, 321-2, 399, 479

recommended by J. T. Mason, 223

seeks appointment as treasurer, 321

dismissed as cashier, 399-400

Forrest's suit against, 399-400, 479

Beckley promises clerkship to, 513

Hardware River (Albemarle Co.), 310

Hare, Charles Willing, 301n

Harmony (British sloop), 404, 410-11, 420, 677

harnesses, 115, 224, 282, 283n, 421

Harper, Robert Goodloe

Letter, 521, 522n

Harris, Charles, 288n

Harrison, Jesse, 599-600

Harrison, Richard

and restoration of W. P. Gardner and A. Campbell, 108, 158, 284-5

and settlement of delinquent Treasury accounts, 133, 134-5n

rumored resignation of, 364

offered appointment as treasurer, 405n

Harrison, Robert Hanson, 82, 83n

Harrison, William Henry, 599, 600n

Harvie, John, 373

Haskel, Michael, 516

Hastings, Seth, 306n

Haswell, Anthony

letter to, 265

publisher of Vermont Gazette, 37n

seeks printing contract, 265

Hatheway, Mr. (Vt.), 685

hatmakers, 256

Havana, Cuba, 138n, 388n, 534, 547-8

Hawker, William

letter from cited, 753

Hawkesbury, Robert Banks Jenkinson, Baron, 281n, 297n, 386n, 398n, 507n

Hawkins, Benjamin

letters to, 305, 307-8

letters from, 196-7, 518

appointed Indian commissioner, 75, 305n, 307

forwards correspondence with Dearborn, 196-7

correspondence with E. Trist, 305, 518

and treaty negotiations, 307-8, 402, 518n

arrives at Southwest Point, 325

as Creek agent, 403

observations on cotton's impact on the South, 518

and murder of Cherokee woman, 748n

hay, 758

Hay, George

letter from, 136

borrows book from TJ, 136

Essay, 136n

identified, 136n

Heard, John

confusion over appointment of, 101, 102n, 117, 118n, 622

advises on appointments, 226, 314

Heath, Robert Jones, 703

Heath, William

letter from, 315-16

recommends W. R. Lee, 315-16, 754

Helder, Den. See Den Helder

Helmbold, George

seeks contract to print laws in German, 79, 80n

letter from cited, 749

Hemings, Betsy (1783-1857, Eppes slave), 34, 579, 580n

Hemings, Critta (1769-1850), 34, 35n, 579, 580n

Hemings, Elizabeth (Betty), 580n

Hemings, James

suicide of, viii, 542-3, 569-70

Hemings, James (b. 1787, Jamy, TJ's slave), 34

Hemings, Mary, 580n

Hemings, Sally, 580n

hemp, 746n

Henderson, Archibald, 376

Henderson, Bennett (d. 1793), xlvi-xlvii, 342, 343n, 360-1, 379n, 413, 454, 580-1, 743-4

Henderson, Charles, xlviii, 342, 343n, 361, 413n, 455n, 581n

Henderson, Elizabeth (daughter of Bennett Henderson), 744n

Henderson, Elizabeth (Mrs. James L. Henderson), 743-4

Henderson, Elizabeth Lewis (Mrs. Bennett Henderson), xlvii, 362-4, 413n, 546n, 581n, 744n

Henderson, Isham, xlviii, 342, 343n, 360-1, 413n, 455n, 581n

Henderson, James L., xlviii, 342, 343n, 360, 379, 380n, 413n, 455, 581n, 743-4

Henderson, John, 171, 343n, 361n, 362, 380n, 413, 454, 455n

Henderson, Sally (Sarah). See Kerr, Sarah (Sally) Henderson

Henderson, Samuel, 416n

Henderson, William, 343n

Henderson, William (Pa.), 23n

Henderson & Connard, 360-1, 743

Henderson lands

TJ purchases, xlvi, 342-4, 412-14, 454-5

plat of allotments of, xlvi-xlviii, 382 (illus.)

dower lands, xlvii, 362-4, 413n, 454, 581n, 743

mill seat, xlvii, 343n, 361n, 362, 363n, 379-80, 413, 454, 455n, 581n, 743

statement of accounts regarding, 343-4n

deeds for purchase of, 359-61, 380n, 413, 743-4

division of, 361n, 363n, 379-80, 412-13, 580-1

form of deeds for purchase of, 379

Henry, Patrick, 344n, 663n

Hepburn, Alexander, 354n

Hepburn, Samuel, 444n

Hercules Courtney (ship), 594-5

Hern, David (b. 1784, Davy, TJ's slave), 35

Hern, Indridge (b. 1797, TJ's slave), 35

Hern, Isabel (1758-1819, TJ's slave), 35

Hern, Moses (b. 1779, TJ's slave), 34

Hern, Patty (1781-1806, TJ's slave), 35

Hern, Thrimston (b. 1799, TJ's slave), 35

Hern, Thruston (b. 1795, TJ's slave), 35

herring, 134n

Hessian fly, 678

Heth, Henry, 232, 233n, 375, 400, 470

Heth, William, 278n

Heyward, Thomas, Jr.

letter from, 14-15

introduces J. Huger, 14-15

identified, 15n

Higginbotham, David

carries letter for TJ, 28, 96

enters trade with J. Watson, 28

commissioner regarding Henderson lands, 380n

payments to, 400

letter to cited, 400n, 754

letters from cited, 755, 756

Highland (sloop), 542n

Hill, William Henry, 390

Hillhouse, James, 4, 5, 492n

Hilliard, William, 522n

Hindman, William, 269n

Hinman, Elisha

letter from, 674-6

seeks to retain command, 674-6

identified, 675n

hippopotamus, 122

Hirzel, Hans Caspar

Rural Socrates, 605

Histoire Politique et Philosophique de la Révolution de l'Amérique Septentrionale (Jean Chas and Citoyen Lebrun), 203

Historia Ecclesiastica Francorum (Gregory of Tours), 465n

hogs, 660

Holland. See Netherlands

Holland, Nathaniel, 347

Holland Land Company, 695

Hollingsworth, Zebulon, 739, 742-3n

Holmes, Isaac, 53

Holy Roman Empire, 297n

Homans, Benjamin

letter from, 57-60

recommends I. C. Barnet, 57-60, 248

identified, 60n

Homberg, Veuve, & Homberg Frères (Le Havre), 189n

Homer, 542n

Hooe, James H., 66n

Hook, Josiah, 195

Hooke (Hook), Robert, 122, 124n

Hope (brig), 219n

Hope (Danish brig)

lawsuit regarding capture and release of, 124, 126, 159-60, 163, 299-301

Hopkins, David (S.C.)

letter from, 261-2

seeks pardon, 41-2, 84, 86n, 109, 158-9, 261-2, 391

identified, 262n

letter from cited, 262n, 751

thanks TJ, 262n

Hopkins, Esek, 674, 675n

Hopkins, James

letter to, 310

deed for limestone lands, 310

horses

Arabian, 105n

wild, 122, 124n

hire of, 224, 270, 328-9

aged, 270

TJ purchases, 278n, 375

offered to TJ, 318-19, 399

descriptions of, 319

lame, 373, 504

Chickasaw colts, 375n

falls from, 500

horse racing, 500

Indian, 555-6

expense of keeping, 582

for cavalry, 637

"Hortensius" (George Hay)

An Essay on the Liberty of the Press, 136n

hospitals

marine, 52-3, 57n, 84-5, 107-8, 219-21, 335n, 357-8, 358n, 449

for insane, 503n

during American Revolution, 531n

smallpox, 681n

Houdon, Jean Antoine, 484n

House, George, 675n

Howell, David, 4, 5n, 80, 82n, 756

Hubbard, James (b. 1783, Jame, TJ's slave), 34, 35

Hubbard, Philip (1786-1819, Phill, TJ's slave), 34

Hudson River, 433

Huger, John, 14-15

Hughes, Wormley (1781-1858, TJ's slave), 34

Hull, William

recommends aspirants for office, 229n, 754

letter from cited, 754

Humboldt, Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander, Baron von, 716, 717n

Humphreys, David

as Indian commissioner, 72, 73n

recalled, 381, 383n, 495n

and Irujo's recall, 393n

and blockade of Gibraltar, 407n, 595n

recommends H. Preble, 493-5

Madison forwards letter from, 677

Hunter, William, 368n

Huntington, Jedediah, 91, 92n

Hurt, John

letter from, 182-3

introduces W. Baynham, 182-3

identified, 183n

Hutton, Richard

letter from, 451

seeks favor from TJ, 451

Hyde, Elisha, 476n

Iatan Indians. See Comanche Indians

Île de France (Mauritius), 65n

immigrants

French, 5n, 156, 216n, 325-6, 344-5, 368n

Dutch, 10

Scots-Irish, 26n

British, 51, 52n, 180n, 356n, 451, 595n

rights and naturalization, 52n, 549, 559n, 612-13, 618, 620-1, 639, 648-9, 670n

taxation of, 52n

from Nova Scotia, 59

to Spanish territories, 75

Scots, 82

Irish, 93, 184n, 349n, 350-1, 350n, 357, 376n, 440n, 559n, 592n, 670n

health of, 350n, 357

to Washington, D.C., 543

Italian, 724, 725

Inaugural Address (1801)

ideals presented in, ix

Federalists misinterpret, 139

reprinted, 180n, 385, 386n, 460n, 476-7, 666, 667, 668n

references to, 338

reactions to, in Europe, 385, 477

praise for, 476-7, 515-16, 574

Independent Chronicle (Boston), 415n, 681n

Independent Gazetteer (Worcester), 306n

India, 180, 200, 395

Indian affairs, U.S.

negotiations with southern tribes, 72-3, 75-6, 78n, 196-7, 307-8, 324, 325n, 402-4, 518n, 615, 630, 747-8

land cessions sought from, 75-7

treaties, 76, 78n

and evacuation of military posts, 76-7

roads through Indian territory, 76-7, 518n

attacks on whites by Indians, 77

western land claimed by Indians, 78-9n

resettlement of, 316, 317n, 559n

superintendents, agents, 403

trading houses, factories, 554, 697n

appropriations for, 632

acculturation of, 642

federal stipends to, 695

See also Cherokee Indians; Chickasaw Indians; Choctaw Indians; Creek Indians; Seneca Indians

Indians

accused of murder, 77, 345n, 599-600

beliefs, 122

sign languages, 122, 124n

presents for, 308, 599, 600n

in N.Y., 434

whites captured by, 445n

art, antiquities of, 454n

in Louisiana Terr., 554-5, 561n

and Spain, 555

horses, 555-6

compared to Africans, 556

descriptions of, 556

religious practices, 556

weapons, 556

trade with, 559n

migration of, 600n

removal of condemned slaves to lands of, 719

Indridge. See Hern, Indridge (b. 1797, TJ's slave)

Ingersoll, Jared, 586, 652, 653n, 738n

Ingraham, Nathaniel G., 546, 548n

Inkle, Thomas, 557, 562n

Inquiry into the Causes and Effects of the Variolæ Vaccinæ, or Cow-Pox (Edward Jenner), 425n, 698, 699n

insurance, 103-4, 406, 593-5

Ireland

immigrants from, 93, 184n, 349n, 350-1, 357, 376n, 440n, 559n, 592n, 670n

Kilmainham prison, 93n

rebellion of 1798, 93n, 351

Ulster, 184n

kinepox in, 199-200

Celtic language, 200

consuls to, 274n

Newry, 274n

high mortality rates, 350, 357

Catholics in, 670n

iron, 16, 93n, 682, 716, 717n

Iroquois (Six Nations) Indians, 316, 317n, 695, 697

Irujo, Carlos Martínez de

letter from, 392-3

family of, xlv

recalled by Spain, xlv

retained as Spanish minister to U.S., xlv, 392-3, 599

portrait of, xlv-xlvi, 382 (illus.)

and the Santa Escolastica, 111n

and C. W. Peale's petition to collect specimens, 435, 436n

Irujo, Sarah (Sally) McKean

marriage of, xlvi

portrait of, xlvi, 382 (illus.)

family of, 393

Irwin, Mr., 664

Irwin, James, 392

Isabel. See Hern, Isabel (1758-1819, TJ's slave)

Isabel (1800-1822, TJ's slave), 35

Isabel Maria, Princess (Portugal), 442n

Islam, 219n

Israel, Israel, 285, 289n, 438, 440-1n, 700, 704n

Israel, Joseph (Del.), 429n

Israel, Samuel, 438, 441n

Italian language, 197, 476-7, 724, 725

Italy, 694, 715

Izard, George

letter from, 175

carries letters to TJ, 175

identified, 175n

Izard, Ralph, 175n

Jackson, Andrew, 324n

Jackson, David, 11, 12n, 534n

Jackson, Elizabeth Willing, 118n

Jackson, Henry (United Irishman), 93

Jackson, James

advises on appointments, 53, 54, 72, 85, 133, 159, 226, 288, 314

as political leader, 144n

Jackson, William, 102n, 117-18

Jamaica, 674, 752, 753, 754, 755

Jame. See Hubbard, James (b. 1783, Jame, TJ's slave)

James. See Gillette, James (b. 1796, TJ's slave)

James (b. 1795, Jamy, TJ's slave), 35

James River Company, 128, 137

Jamy. See Hemings, James (b. 1787, Jamy, TJ's slave); James (b. 1795, Jamy, TJ's slave)

Jarvis, Benjamin, 195, 227, 314

Jarvis, Leonard, 227, 726n

Jaucourt, Louis de

Synonymes Français, 203

Jay, John, 236, 275n, 447-8, 663n

Jay Treaty

and naval prizes, 38, 39n, 79, 110, 125, 134n, 154, 158, 159n

opposition to, 59, 459, 461n, 519

support for, 59, 519

expiration of, 228, 230n, 276

and neutral rights, 244, 246n

impact of, on party formation, 257

and debt claims, 506-7, 519, 545, 615, 628, 630, 635n, 660

American claims under Article 7, 507

Jefferson, Anna Scott (Nancy, TJ's niece), 34, 346n

Jefferson, George

letters to, 87, 118-19, 171, 210, 275-6, 375, 470

letters from, 103-4, 137, 171, 232-3, 405-6, 487, 676

handles shipments for TJ, 87, 103-4, 118-19, 137, 171, 210, 232-3, 275-6

handles TJ's business affairs in Richmond, 103-4, 171, 233, 275-6, 339, 375, 676

collects payments, handles transactions for Short, 137, 171

and sale of TJ's tobacco, 171, 232, 710

letters from cited, 171n, 276n, 750, 754

advises on freight rates, 232-3

tobacco for D. Ross settlement, 405-6, 470, 487, 676

T. M. Randolph indebted to, 414

See also Gibson & Jefferson

Jefferson, Martha (Patty) Wayles Skelton (Mrs. Thomas Jefferson), 320-1, 685n

Jefferson, Thomas

Agriculture

exchanges seeds, plants with friends, xlix, 351, 454n, 588, 666, 667

peach cultivation, 354n, 666, 667

views on, 647

See also Poplar Forest (TJ's estate); tobacco

Architecture

handsome design no more expensive than ugly, 218

Business and Financial Affairs

orders carriage from Philadelphia, viii, 115-16, 128, 155, 181-2, 224-5, 270, 282, 309, 328-9, 429-30

orders plaster of paris, 11, 31, 83, 95, 103, 128, 171, 178

buys mirrors, 12, 96

seeks overseer for Poplar Forest, 21-2

transfers business to new trading house, 28

lime and limestone, 31, 310

orders glass tumblers, 31, 95

account with D. Ross arbitrated, 93-4, 174, 339-40, 375, 405-6, 453, 466-7, 470, 487, 676

payment of insurance premium, 103-4

pays taxes, 104n, 349-50

orders gunpowder, 118, 137, 171

urged to purchase stocks, 128

orders hams, 137, 171, 406

orders coal, 171, 232, 233n, 275-6, 375, 470

account with Hanse, 182

orders porter, 210

newspaper subscriptions, 233, 355, 356n

buys horses, 278n

and Wayles estate, 320-1, 445-6, 726

pays for bookbinding, 355-6

covers obligation for T. M. Randolph, 414

orders cider, 453-4, 588, 689-90, 734, 740

expects to be clear of debt, 677-8

buys corn, 757

buys oats, 758

See also Barnes, John; Gibson & Jefferson; Henderson lands; Jefferson, George; Monticello; Peyton, Craven; Shadwell (TJ's estate)

Character and Image

as successor to Washington, 21

accused of racism, 126n

too reliant on Republican principles, 139

will accept no gifts while in public office, 294n, 426

will unite the country, 385

friend to arts and science, 424, 716

enemy to commerce, 651-2

Correspondence

writes more at Monticello than Washington, vii-viii, 260

receives anonymous letters, 3-6, 6n, 246-7, 359, 364, 575-6, 689, 752, 755

forwards letters, 7-8

uses caution, disguise in writing, sending letters, 19, 87, 145

advises Duane on postal schedules, 41

too busy to write often, 87, 666-7, 677, 735

official vs. unofficial correspondence, 241-2

with D.C. commissioners, 297-8

with heads of departments, 571, 576-8, 586, 595-6

letters of introduction requested from, 684

See also Summary Journal of Letters

Governor of Virginia

and Gálvez, 328n

Inauguration

descriptions of, 180n

Law

and rights of neutral vessels, 81, 86, 90, 108, 609-10, 649

opposes excessive court fees, 215

use of nolle prosequi, 543-4

Library

books obtained for, 12, 20, 95, 310, 406, 426, 491n, 533n, 542, 605, 698-9, 708n, 723

works on moral philosophy, 20

books borrowed from, 136, 346

book subscriptions, 283n, 356, 489

cookbooks, 355

letter cases, 355

music books, 355

pays for bookbinding, 355-6

catalog of books, 356n

offered books from Franklin's library, 482-4, 542

scrapbooks, 589n

books on finance, 626n

Minister to France

offered passage on the Romulus, 125, 126n

meets various people, 142

negotiates treaties, 245n

returns to U.S., 381

Nailery

slaves at, vaccinated, 35n

nailrod and iron stock for, 226n

account with S. Clarke, 409-10

new nailery to be built, 579

Opinions

on slave trade, x, 740

avoids determining hypothetical cases, 80-1, 86, 90, 132

unreliability of newspapers, 81, 86, 90, 260

enemy to waste and extravagance, 90

private passengers on public vessels, 125, 126n

opposes tributes and douceurs, 162-3

public vs. private character, 166-7

American Revolution an example to the world, 203

impact of popular opinion, 203

U.S. an agricultural nation, 240

peaceable coercion preferable to war, 244

on servants, 421n

family the source of happiness, 471, 510-11

on Washington society, 511

loan of public funds to individuals, 611

burden of debt, 677-8

Constitution the "collected wisdom of our country," 708

Patronage and Appointments

difficulty of making appointments and removals, ix, 32, 33n, 146

moderate approach toward, 12, 32, 85, 117, 145, 146-7, 265, 381-2, 501, 618-19

sends blank commissions, 26, 88, 227

relies on friends, congressmen for advice on, 27, 30, 32, 85, 89, 92, 347

and postal appointments, 30, 612, 619

and appointment of Joel Lewis, 32

removals due to misconduct and delinquency, 53, 57n, 89, 92, 118, 119, 195n, 223n, 263n, 317, 366n, 374, 381, 601, 655, 686n

reappointment of W. P. Gardner and A. Campbell, 55, 86, 108, 158, 284-5, 314, 449

reduction of useless offices, 55, 86, 644

and "midnight appointments," 80, 252n, 300-1n, 371n, 618-19

Republicans entitled to share of offices, 80, 85, 145, 146, 317, 618, 686n

and "electioneering" by Federal officers, 85, 601

will not appoint Federalists, 85, 108, 580

reappoints Republicans, 86, 158, 263n, 654n

cabinet unanimous on removal policy, 146

judiciary removals, 147, 619, 686n

and Barraud's removal, 221n, 358

principles regarding removals, 263n, 381-2, 459, 612, 618-19

can only appoint offices of first grade, 264

offers advice to office seekers, 264

promises printing contracts, 265, 392n

geographic balance sought, 426, 488, 508

and W. Sargent's removal, 501-2

maintains silence on all applications, 530, 687-8

notes on patronage, 601

diplomatic appointments, 619

See also New Haven, Conn.

Personal Affairs

suicide of James Hemings, viii, 542-3, 569-70

assembles household staff, 7, 24-5, 31, 66-7, 83, 89-90, 543n

made executor of L. Littlepage, 17, 491

friendship with Franklin, 23

private secretary, 31, 395n

seeks portrait of S. Adams, 115

health of, 119, 133, 216-17

friendship with J. Page, 157-8

orders wine, 165, 226n, 255, 317, 348, 568, 588-9, 723, 756

makes recommendations, 166-7, 303-5, 321-2, 350-1, 377-8, 399-400, 479, 662-3

receives liqueurs and sweetmeats, 282, 283n

receives sculpture, statuary, 292-5, 454n, 588, 689, 741

expense of outfit in Washington, 414

gives Poplar Forest land to sons-in-law, 414-15, 418-20, 503-4, 510, 658, 677-8

receives model of Egyptian pyramid, 426

Madisons reside with, at President's House, 471

sends gifts to grandchildren, 471, 677

strangers ask for money, 475, 724-5

inquires about G. Morris's silver service, 492

lacks free time, 677

See also President's House

Political Theories

neutral rights, ix, 86, 90, 241-6, 266, 276, 382, 420

freedom of the press, 67-8n

application of presidential pardons, 84

both parties are republican, 85, 146, 147, 399

function of D.C. commissioners, 130

economy in public expense, 162-3, 217-18, 276-7, 382, 644-5

on entangling foreign alliances, American isolation, 216, 217, 265, 268, 316, 382

states' rights, 259

amending the Constitution regarding elections, 314

term limits for foreign missions, 381

militia preferable to standing army, 628, 639, 643-4, 645

strength of republican government, 708-9

Politics

potential successors to, xi, 286

fears divisions among Republicans, 85, 118, 146, 427, 607

Federalist leaders incurable, isolated, 145, 146-7, 399, 501

anticipates "concert of action" with Congress, 147

absence from Washington criticized, 288, 315

pledges support for Duane, 479

receives newspapers from Federalist printers, 519-20

and rumored removal of federal arms from Springfield, 521, 522n

need to assemble phalanx of talents and virtue, 528-9

supports the rights of aliens, 612-13, 618, 620, 639, 648-9

See also Federalists; Republicans

Portraits

by R. Peale, 128

by Stuart, 225, 226n, 282-3, 329

by Polk, 388n

President

assembles cabinet, viii, 528-9

and D.C., ix, 129-30, 167-8, 172-3, 175-6, 217

and departure of R. R. Livingston, ix, 216, 217, 218, 270-1, 276, 314-15

and peace in Europe, ix, 734, 735

and removal of condemned slaves from Va., ix-x, 718-22

communications with heads of departments, x, 571, 576-8, 586, 595-6

and the Sally, x, 711, 738-9, 740, 741-3

halts prosecutions under Sedition Act, xi, 480-1, 543-4, 607, 613, 616-17, 640, 647-8, 650, 652, 653-4n, 655-7

relations with Spain, xlv, 392-3, 488, 545

and Geffroy letters, 3-6, 83-4, 87, 89, 90, 156-7, 271-2, 309-10

salary, 11, 12n, 96, 178-9, 225, 226n, 288n, 469n, 588n

granting of passports, 13, 31

and warrants drawn on Treasury, 13, 31, 86, 90, 100, 102n, 117, 133, 135n, 169, 216, 218n, 227, 229n, 288, 324, 325n, 329-30, 374-5n, 447n, 469n, 512n, 570-1n, 587-8n, 595-6, 597, 606, 738n

calls for reconciliation and harmony, 64, 85, 145, 146-7, 382, 399, 501, 619, 639

and the Windsor, 80-1, 86, 124-5, 158

relations with Great Britain, 80-2, 86, 163

issues pardons, 84, 86n, 109, 158-9, 216n, 261n, 391, 457n

and funding of marine hospitals, 84-5

and naval prizes, 86, 90, 108, 111n, 124-5, 158, 159n

and lighthouses, 91-2, 118n, 159

demands quarterly accounts from collectors, 109n

and Stillman musket contract, 116-17

and the Hope, 124, 126, 159-60, 163, 299-301

and Duane's legal trials, 125, 148, 480-1, 543-4, 607, 650n, 652, 653-4n, 655-7

and letters of credence, 125, 126n, 270-1

and Prussia, 126

capture and restoration of the Berceau, 145-6

reduces diplomatic establishment, 157, 159n, 382, 507, 519, 644

relations with France, 161, 258-9

and Blicher Olsen's exequatur, 162, 163n

and Barbary affairs, 162-3, 240-1, 265, 474, 588, 642-3

orders navy vessels to Mediterranean, 163, 240, 422, 638-9, 642

and Bank of the U.S., 191n, 602-4, 606, 732n

communications with Congress, 201, 612

signs commissions, 218n, 346n, 422-3n, 668n

and Northwest revenue district, 264

and Indian affairs, 307-8, 324, 642, 695-8, 747-8

receives "Mammoth Veal," 457-8, 479, 486, 513

military reductions, 488, 600n, 640-1n, 644, 645-6, 688, 734

cabinet meetings, 488-9, 595-6, 609

and British debt claims, 506-7, 519, 525, 545

and Marine barracks, 512n

rearrangement of judiciary system, 620, 648

discharge of public debt, 622, 623, 624-6, 628, 672-3, 734

repeal of internal taxes, 643-4

and misapplication of public funds, 644-5

and conduct of McLane, 693n

See also Convention of 1800

Religion

accused of atheism, 33n, 281, 408

decries religious intolerance, 147

expects no mercy from clergy, 147

supports church construction, 202-3

Scientific Interests

smallpox vaccination, vii, xlix, 8, 34-5, 47, 89, 91, 118-19, 120-1, 166, 170, 174, 178, 198, 213, 230-1, 277-8, 278-9, 311-12, 318, 321, 339, 369, 472, 490, 495-6, 572-3, 604-5, 680-1, 698, 709-10, 722-3

road construction, ix, 155, 168n, 496, 523, 568-9, 581-2

calculates population increase of U.S., xi, 382, 507, 531-3, 545, 643

receives Indian artifacts, 454n, 588, 689

defends New World animals, 458, 486

interchangeable parts, 600n, 662-3

calculates annual payment on national debt, 624-6

Secretary of State

visits Newport, R.I., 5, 6n

Report on Negotiations with Spain (1792), 72, 73n

instructions regarding American neutrality, 111n, 158, 621n

suggests term limits for foreign missions, 381

visits Pearce's factory, 451

and L'Enfant's plan for Washington, D.C., 567n

advises Washington on annual address, 614

and establishment of the Mint, 682, 692

Slaveholder

smallpox vaccination for slaves, vii, 34-5, 47, 89, 91, 118-19, 120-1, 166, 170, 174, 178, 213, 278, 369, 490, 495-6, 572-3

and removal of condemned slaves from Va., ix-x, 718-22

manumits James Hemings, 543n

health of Poplar Forest slaves, 660

opinion of slave trade, 740

Travels

between Monticello and Washington, vii, viii, 9, 30, 84, 86, 111n, 119, 152, 161, 205, 215, 217, 218, 270, 305, 325, 350, 389, 399, 471, 510-11, 569n, 581-2

refuses to summer on tidewater, 315

must visit Monticello "by stealth," 471, 510-11

visits to Monticello misinterpreted by Federalists, 529

lists stages and distances to Charlottesville, 568-9

lists travel expenses from Monticello and Washington, 757

Vice President

alleged to have supported Federalist policies, 43-4

Writings

Circular to the Heads of Departments, x, 571, 576-8

List of Inoculations, 34-5

executive order on revenue districts, 55, 57n

works dedicated to, 179, 180n, 258, 523-4, 609-10

Notes on D.C. Commissioners' Accounts, 384-5

notes on cabinet meetings, 488-9, 609

list of navy captains, 488n

Calculation of Population Increase, 531-3

Notes on John Morton, 534

Notes on Actions for the War Department, 599-600

Notes on Circuit Court Cases, 599n, 612, 658

Notes on Consultation with Robert Smith, 599n, 612, 668

Notes on the Bank of the United States and Internal Revenues, 599n, 602-4, 612

Notes on the Funded Debt, 599n, 612, 672-3

Notes on Patronage in New Hampshire, 601

Calculation of Annual Debt Payment, 624-6

Draft of Message to Senate regarding Sedition Act, 656

Proclamation Offering Reward for Murderers of a Cherokee Woman, 747-8

See also Annual Message to Congress (1801); Declaration of Independence; Inaugural Address (1801); Manual of Parliamentary Practice. For the Use of the Senate of the United States; New Haven, Conn.: TJ's reply to merchants of; Notes on the State of Virginia

Jenkins, Elisha, 62

Jenner, Edward

develops smallpox vaccine, vii, 200

Inquiry, xlix, 425n, 698, 699n

sends vaccine matter to Waterhouse, 8, 89, 170, 174, 278, 495, 572

receives gold medal, 231

advises on vaccination methods, 369-70

Origin of the Vaccine Inoculation, 430

Jenny (daughter of Bagwell, TJ's slave), 35

Jerry (b. 1777; TJ's slave), 35

Jerusalem, 478

Jessie (brigantine), 82n

João, Prince Regent of Portugal

letter to, 441-2

consul general of, 137, 267

family, 441-2

identified, 442n

letters to, from cited, 442n

Joe. See Fossett, Joseph (1780-1858, Joe, TJ's slave)

John (b, 1753, TJ's slave), 34

John (b. 1785, Bedford John, TJ's slave), 34

John Adams (U.S. frigate), 668

Johnny (Delaware Indian), 599-600

Johns, Kensey, 428

Johnson, Charles, 460

Johnson, Joshua, 682

Johnson, Thomas de Mattos

recommended, appointed collector, 53, 54, 85, 226, 229n, 288

settlement of predecessor's accounts, 374n

Johnston, Charles, 757

Johnston, Peter, 501

Johnston, Samuel, 46n, 459

Jones, Edward (N.C.), 469n

Jones, Edward (Treasury clerk), 630n, 703, 706n

Jones, Evan, 549-50, 560n

Jones, Meriwether

letter from cited, 112n

recommends aspirants for office, 112n

as reference, 214

TJ's subscription to the Examiner, 233

Jones, Thomas, 185, 186n

Jones, Walter, 267

Jones, William (mariner), 111n

Jones, William (Pa.)

recommends aspirants to office, 65

advises on appointments, 100-1, 102n

as reference, 440n, 609, 705n

letter from cited, 756

Jordan, Melatiah, 726

Jordon, John, 83n

Joucherez, A., 758

Jouett, John, Jr., 14n

Journal of Andrew Ellicott, Late Commissioner on Behalf of the United States (Andrew Ellicott), 107n

Judiciary Act (1801), 27, 620

Julien, Honoré, 759

juries, 620, 635, 639, 648

"Juris Consultus" (pseudonym), 480-1, 607n

Kant, Immanuel, 708

Karankawa Indians, 561n

Kelsall, John, 547, 548n

Kemp, John

letter from cited, 749

Kentucky

marshal for, 14n, 155n

Washington Co., 21

Republicans in, 74-5

descriptions of, 75

immigrants to, 75, 78n, 183n, 190n, 363n, 446n

seeks Indian cessions, 75-7

postal service in, 77-8

lands in, claimed by Indians, 78-9n

Eddyville, 78n

Big Bone Lick, 121

attorneys, 155

elections in, 155

supervisor for, 170n

newspapers, 392n

and smallpox vaccination, 472, 523

circuit court cases in, 657, 658n

Keppel, Augustus, 293, 294n

Ker, David

letter from, 376-7

seeks appointment, 376-7

identified, 376-7n

Kerr, John R., 342, 359-60, 454

Kerr, Sarah (Sally) Henderson, xlvii, 342, 343n, 359-60, 380n, 413n, 581n

Kerr (Ker), James (Philadelphia), 440n

Kersey, William, 551, 560n

Keteltas, Abraham, 337

Keteltas, William

letters from, 345-6, 518-19

as reference, 10

seeks appointment, 337-8, 345-6

recommends T. Bailey, 518-19

Key, John, 757

Key, Joshua

letters to, from cited, 752

Kilgore, Charles, 229n

Killen, William, Jr.

letter from cited, 753

Kilty, Charles, 387, 388n

Kimball, Hazen, 370, 371n, 378, 379n, 703

Kin (King), Mathias

letter from, 351-2

forwards letter, requests seeds, 351-2

identified, 351-2n

Kindred, Edward, 137n

Kindred, Thomas, 137

kinepox. See smallpox

King, Mr. (plasterer), 49-51, 95

King, Nicholas

letter from, 657

as surveyor, 349n

sends drawing to TJ, 657

King, Robert, Sr., 349

King, Rufus

minister to Great Britain, 138-9, 178n

and blockade of French ports, 280, 281n

secretary to, 313n

negotiates settlement of British debt claims, 506-7, 519, 545, 615, 628, 630, 635n, 660

King's College, 661n

Kirby, Ephraim

letters from, 33, 484-6, 597-9

forwards "Brutus" essay, 33

as reference, 71

recommends aspirants for office, 484-6

reports abuse of postal service by Federalists, 597-9

Kirby, William

removal of, 53, 89, 92, 119, 126

appointment of, 186n

Kittera, John Wilkes, 263n

Knox, Henry, 3, 89, 195n, 567n, 614, 663n

Knox, Samuel, 387-8

Koasati Indians, 561n

Kosciuszko, Tadeusz, 50n

Lacci, Dr., 199

Ladd, John G.

letter to, 740

letter from, 746

receives shipments for TJ, 734, 740, 746

identified, 740n

Ladies Association of Philadelphia, 23n

Lafayette, Marie Adrienne Françoise de Noailles, Marquise de, 69n, 201

Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de

and Poirey, 69n, 201

letter from cited, 189n

patron of J. E. Caldwell, 253n

as reference, 344n

La Forest, Antoine René Charles Mathurin de, 161, 292, 396, 397, 535

Laird, John, 190-1

La Luzerne, Anne César, Chevalier de, 125, 126n

Lamb, John

letter from cited, 754

Lancaster Journal, 263n

Landais, Philip

claim on War Department, 215-16

letters from cited, 215n, 753

land speculation, 352n, 402n, 560n, 565, 568n

Lane, Samuel, 717n

Langdon, John

advises on appointments, 54, 56n, 85, 601, 675n

offered, declines secretaryship of the navy, 78

presents L'Enfant's petition, 567n

as bank president, 653n

as reference, 653n

as superintendent of navy yard, 654

letter from cited, 754

Langdon, Woodbury, 601

Laocoon (sculpture), 538, 539n

La Rochefoucauld, Alexandrine Charlotte Sophie de Rohan-Chabot, Duchesse de, 383, 461, 465n

La Rochefoucauld d'Enville, Louis Alexandre, Duc de La Roche-Guyon et de, 378

La Salle, Robert de Cavelier, Sieur de, 561n

Latimer, George

letter from, 741

removal of, sought, 57n, 725-6

as Federalist partisan, 102n

collector at Philadelphia, 404

and the Harmony, 410-11

receives sculpture for TJ, 741

identified, 741n

Latrobe, Benjamin Henry, 412n, 559-60n, 717n

Lavinia (Randolph slave), 34

law

and neutral rights, 37-9, 110, 241-6, 609-10

and smallpox inoculation, 47

court fee bills, 215, 216n

revenue, 261-2

intestate estates, 343n

dower rights, 362-4, 454, 455n, 581n

guardianships, 455n

nolle prosequi, 480-1, 543-4, 607n, 617, 640, 650, 653n

books, 489

naturalization, 612-13, 618, 620-1, 639, 648-9

inconsistent application of, 620

quarantine, 624n

common law, 655

bankruptcy, 689

Law, Thomas, 190, 191n, 417n

Lawrence, James, 422n

Lawson, Alexander, 9

Lazaria (b. 1791, TJ's slave), 35

Leach, Thomas, Jr., 457

Leake, John G., 46n

Lear, Tobias

letter from, 322-3

commission refused by Toussaint, 125, 126n

forwards liqueurs and sweetmeats to TJ, 283n, 437n

and Dandridge, 312-13, 322

and relocation of seat of government on Saint-Domingue, 322-3

Leclerc, Victoire Emmanuel, 398n, 528, 539n

Ledyard, Isaac

letter from, 233-4

recommends M. L. Davis, 233-4

forwards pamphlet, 234n

letter from cited, 234n, 750

Ledyard, John, 234n

Lee, Arthur (Norfolk), 354-5, 570

Lee, Charles, 43, 46n

Lee, Henry, 391

Lee, John (Me.), 195, 227, 229n

Lee, Richard Evers, 355n

Lee, Silas, 195

Lee, William (1772-1840)

appointed commercial agent, 58-60, 248, 251, 252n, 664

commission forwarded to, 540, 541n

Lee, William, Sr., 59

Lee, William R.

letter from, 352

seeks appointment, 315-16, 352, 498, 686, 754

identified, 352n

Leghorn (Livorno), Italy, 188, 189n, 341, 406, 476, 541, 664n

Le Havre, France, 188, 252n, 280-1

Lehman, Lyon

letter from, 10-11

seeks refund of duties, appointment, 10-11

Leib, Michael, 440n, 609, 705n

Leiden, University of, 103n, 425n

Leiper, Thomas

letter from, 710

and TJ's tobacco crops, 710

Leipzig, 237n

Leith, Scotland, 453n

Lemaire, Étienne

hired as steward of President's House, viii, 7, 24-5, 50, 66-7, 83, 89-90, 178, 225, 270, 436

wages, 7, 66-7, 437n

and President's House accounts, 128, 437n, 757-9

and Maher, 421n, 422n

L'Enfant, Pierre Charles

letter from, 562-8

and plan of Federal District, 47-8

dispute with D.C. commissioners, 562-8

letter from cited, 567n

Lenox, Peter, 450n

Le Ray de Chaumont, Grace Coxe, 65

Le Ray de Chaumont, Jacques, 65

Le Ray de Chaumont, Jacques Donatien, 65, 298

Leslie, Robert

letter from, 15-16

experiments with casting coins, 15-16

Létombe, Philippe André Joseph de

letters from, 6-7, 24-5, 28-30, 60-1

finds steward for TJ, 6-7, 24-5, 66, 83

returns to France, 7, 28-30, 114

TJ bids farewell to, 28-9

seeks passage on the Boston, 60-1, 125

and the Berceau, 146

forwards letter, 341

Letter from Robert Goodloe Harper, of South Carolina, to His Constituents (Robert Goodloe Harper), 521, 522n

Letter to His Grace the Duke of Portland (James Workman), 670-1n

“Lettre de Trasibule à Leucippe” (Nicolas Freret), 482-4, 542

Lettsom, John Coakley

letter from, 424-5

sends pamphlet to TJ, 424-5

identified, 425n

Leucippus, 482-3

Levant, 341-2

Levy, Moses, 57n

Lewis (b. 1788, TJ's slave), 34

Lewis (ca. 1760-1822, TJ's slave), 35

Lewis, Charles (son of Charles Lilburne Lewis)

letter from, 346

seeks to borrow books, 346

identified, 346n

Lewis, Charles Lilburne (TJ's brother-in-law)

family of, 346n, 546n

financial support from TJ, 545

letter from cited, 753

Lewis, Joel, 32-3, 69

Lewis, Lucy Jefferson (Mrs. Charles Lilburne Lewis, TJ's sister), 346n

Lewis, Matthew G., 472n

Lewis, Meriwether

letter from, 183-4

receives pamphlets, 86n

and character of A. Fowler, 183-4

classification of army officers, 215-16n

advises on appointments, 314

as reference, 357

servant of, 394-5

salary of, 418

TJ's private secretary, 650n

Lewis, Nicholas

letter to, 453

letter from, 524

and sale of TJ's Elk Hill tobacco, 453, 524

identified, 453n

Lewis, Randolph (TJ's nephew), 346n

Lewis, Thomas (Cherokee agent), 403, 404n

L'Experience (French privateer), 154n

Liberty (ship), 237-8n

Liberty in Louisiana (James Workman), 670n

Library of Congress

librarian, 592n

licenses

to retail wine and spirits, 602, 604n

Liebenau (Liebnau), H. Frederic

letters from cited, 754, 755

lighthouses

in Conn., 91-2, 118n, 492

in Va., 112n, 127n

superintendence of, 133, 135n, 159

in N.H., 135n, 159

in N.Y., 135n, 159

in S.C., 202n

proposed taxes to support, 335n

expense of, 375n

appropriations for, 624n

at Sandy Hook, 738

Lilly, Gabriel

family of, vaccinated, 34

cares for TJ's pecan trees, 504

letters from cited, 504n, 590n, 754, 756

letters to cited, 504n, 754, 755, 756

overseer at Monticello, 745

Limagne, France, 462, 463

lime, 3, 31, 193, 373, 745

limners, 387

Lincoln, Benjamin

removal of, expected, 5

and W. Watson, 53, 56n

and the Beguine, 57n, 132, 134n

as Indian commissioner, 72, 73n

and the Windsor, 110, 159n

receives circular, 169n

and B. Jarvis, 195

asked to investigate S. R. Gerry, 587n

and revenue cutters, 596n

Lincoln, Levi

letters to, 145-7, 159-60, 650-1

letters from, 88, 299-301, 305-6, 497-9, 651-2

absent from Washington, viii, 129, 275n, 420, 497, 616

advises on appointments, ix, 56n, 146-7, 498

advises on annual message to Congress, xi, 612, 615-17, 650-2

and D. L. Barnes, 6n

acting secretary of state, 30, 189n, 383n, 493, 495n

reports on Mass. politics, 54, 56n, 305, 497-9

and the Berceau, 88, 145-6, 147n

writes "Farmer" letters, 147n, 305-6, 498

and the Hope, 159-60, 163, 299-301

reports account of kinepox, 199

opinion on land office fees, 227, 229-30n

as reference, 352

applications to, for appointment, 388n

family of, 498, 499n

and the Sally, 739, 740

Lincoln, Martha Waldo, 498, 499n

Lincoln, William, 498, 499n

Lingan, James M.

and Bank of Columbia, 46n

as surety for Maryland loan, 98

resigns as collector, 289n, 290

letter from cited, 754

Linn, James, 33n, 117, 118n

liqueurs, 282, 283n, 602, 604n, 643

Lisbon

consul at, 101, 118, 125, 148, 157, 159n, 277, 498, 541

Lisle, Peter. See Murad Rais (Peter Lisle)

Lispenard, Anthony

letter from, 234-5

recommends M. L. Davis, 234-5

identified, 235n

Little, George, 513n

Little Egg Harbor, N.J.

calls to remove collector at, 365-6

letter from Republican citizens of, 365-6

Littlepage, John Carter, 473, 491

Littlepage, Lewis

letters from, 17, 706, 712

TJ as executor for, 17, 491

and R. S. Coleman, 473

arrives in Washington, 706

leaves for Philadelphia, 712

Livermore, Edward St. Loe, 80, 601

Livingston, Brockholst

letter from cited, 143-4n, 750

recommends M. L. Davis, 143-4n

Livingston, Edward

letter to, 543-4

letter from, 607

and Lehman, 10

appointed U.S. attorney, 33n

and Létombe's departure, 61

advises on appointments, 101

recommends ship seizures, 237-8n

and M. L. Davis, 272, 274-5n, 307

letter from cited, 274-5n, 750

family of, 289n

and TJ's order to halt prosecution against Duane, 543-4, 607

appointed mayor of New York, 544n

and Batture case, 670n

Livingston, Edward Philip, 62-3, 64n, 161

Livingston, Elizabeth Livingston, 63, 64n

Livingston, Gilbert, 324n

Livingston, John, 326

Livingston, John R., 249

Livingston, Philip, 62-3

Livingston, Robert (1708-1790), 664n

Livingston, Robert R.

letters to, 161-2, 241-6, 377-8

letters from, 62-4, 291-2, 393-4

prepares to depart for France, ix, 7, 29, 60-1, 63, 125, 161, 187, 188n, 211, 216, 217, 218, 266, 268, 291-2, 306, 394, 447n, 452, 535

and TJ's opinion on neutral rights, ix, 241-6, 266, 393-4

advises on appointments, 62-4, 161, 275n, 291-2

letter from cited, 63n

and negotiations with Prussia, 126

instructions to, 217n, 245n, 266-7, 288, 291, 311, 314-15, 316, 340, 370-1, 378

receives commission, letter of credence, 217n, 266-7, 270-1, 276, 291, 370-1

appoints claims commissioners, 252n

letter to cited, 271n

political influence in N.Y., 287

appointed minister to France, 288, 609n

family of, 289n, 664

travel party of, 292n

use of ciphers by, 340n

salary, 371n, 570n

carries letters for TJ, 377, 382

TJ recommends individuals to, 377-8

deafness of, 382

purchases silver plate from G. Morris, 492

and Convention of 1800, 527

Livingston family, 287

Livy, 179, 180n, 319n

Llewellin, Samuel, 218n

Lloyd, James, 277

Locatelli, John Baptist, 293, 294n

Locke, John, 346n

Logan, George, 162, 163n

Loire River, 461

London, 15, 341, 401, 682, 705n

London Gazette, 715n

Longbothom, B. T.

letter from, 717-18

seeks TJ's acquaintance, 717-18

identified, 718n

Treatise on Dentistry, 718n

Long Island, battle of, 338n

longitude, 411-12, 549n

L'Orient (Lorient), France, 249, 371

Lorimier, Louis, 599-600

Louis Ferdinand (of Prussia), 293

Louis I, King of Etruria, 694-5

Louisiana

ceded to France by Spain, 18, 228, 340, 396, 507, 509, 527, 535, 540, 669-70, 695n

boundary of, 106

fossils found in, 121-2, 124n

immigration to, 144n

and American Revolution, 328n

C. Pinckney's instructions regarding, 340

French plans to colonize, 527, 535

descriptions of, 553-5

Indians in, 554-5, 561n

settlement of emancipated slaves in, 669

U.S. occupation of, urged, 669-70

legal system, 670n

U.S. acquisition of, 670n

Louis of Parma, 436n, 695n

Louis XIV, King of France, 81

Louis XVIII, King of France, 714, 715n

Louvre (Paris), 538, 539n

Lowndes, Francis, 417n

Lowry, Thomas, 101, 469n

Loyalists. See American Revolution

Lucas, John B. C., 184

lucerne (alfalfa), 326

Ludlow, Daniel

letter from cited, 143-4n, 750

recommends M. L. Davis, 143-4n

family of, 180n

and grounding of the Boston, 446

Lufborough, Nathan, 726n

lumber, 527

Lunéville, Treaty of, 192, 295, 296n, 297n, 539n

lupine, 326

Lyman, Cornelius, 756

Lyman, William, 511, 754

Lynchburg, Va., 487, 488n

Lyon, James

letter from, 487-8

plan for establishing country newspapers, 487-8

Lyon, Matthew

letter from, 74-9

and election of 1800, 33n

advises on Indian affairs, 74-9

moves to Ky., 78n

Lyons, Peter

letter to, 726-7

debt to Edmund Randolph, 380-1, 383n

and settlement of Wayles estate, 726-7

identified, 727n

McCall, Archibald, 46n

McClary (McCleary), Michael, 601n

McClenachan, Blair, 57n

McComb, John, Jr., 91-2

MacCreery, William, 495n

McDonogh, Thomas, 111n

McDowell, James, 525

McDowell, Sarah Preston, 525

McGuire, William, 551, 560n

McHenry, James, 10n, 195, 445n

McHoy, Mr., 559

Mackay, Adam, 367, 368n

McKean, Thomas

letter from, 64-6

Irujo's father-in-law, xlvi, 393

and Pa. politics, 64

advises on appointments, 64-6

election of, 184

patronage practices, 202

Republican support for, 424

McKeanites, 553

as reference, 609, 705n

McKee, John (mariner), 134n

McKeen, Levi

letters from, 323-4, 331-3

recommends Bailey, 323-4, 331-3

identified, 324n

Mackel, Samuel, 759

McKnight, Washington, 406, 407n

McLane, Allen, 693

Maclure, Alexander

forwards letter and books to TJ, 708n

letter from cited, 750

McLure, Brydie & Co., 28

Maclure, William

letter from, 706-8

observations on European agriculture and economy, 706-8

letter from cited, 708n

sends pamphlets to TJ, 708n

McLurg, James, 46n

McMillan, William, 392n

McNeill, Daniel, 56n, 187, 268n, 291, 446-7, 488, 661

Macon, Nathaniel

letter from, 347

and J. P. Williams, 347

letter from cited, 347n, 750

recommends aspirants for office, 467, 468n

and Wilmington collectorship, 496-7

McPherson, William, 102n

McRee, Griffith J., 132, 134n, 159n, 389, 390n, 468n

Maddux, John W.

letter from, 21

declares support for TJ, 21

Madeira

consul at, 148, 154, 754

to be restored to Portugal, 714

See also wine

Madison, Dolley Payne Todd

visits Monticello, 79, 81, 374n

returns to Washington, 389

resides at President's House, 471

invited to dine with TJ, 677

Madison, James

letters to, 36, 80-2, 88-9, 124-6, 162-4, 265-6, 276-7, 316-17, 571, 621-2, 638, 712

letters from, 79-80, 94, 110-11, 148-9, 153-4, 266-7, 306-7, 311, 340, 378-9, 677

Constitutional Convention

attends Annapolis Convention, 206

Personal Affairs

note with Bank of Columbia, 179

and Hurt, 183

health of, 217, 263, 265, 266, 277, 306-7, 614, 677

executor of father's estate, 378-9

returns to Washington, 378-9, 389, 497

residence in Washington, 471, 472n

college classmates of, 516

purchases wine, 568

Politics

absence from Washington criticized, viii, 273, 275n

and removal of condemned slaves from Va., x, 712, 721n

and Habersham, 330-1

essays on emigration and population, 533n

character of, defended, 701

President

appointments, 252n, 254n

Relations with Jefferson

invited to, visits Monticello, 36, 110-11, 209, 216, 217, 263, 266, 268, 374n

TJ advises on road conditions, 36

forwards letters to Monticello, 94, 216

potential successor to TJ, 286

resides at President's House, 471

travels with TJ, 529

invited to dine with TJ, 677

Secretary of State

method of communication with the president, x, 576-8

TJ sends draft of circular to, x, 571

advises on annual message to Congress, xi, 613-15, 617, 621-2, 638

sends Claiborne's commission, 17

and A. Moore's appointment, 27

valedictory letter to Létombe, 29

and warrants drawn on Treasury, 31

advises on appointments, 32-3n, 69, 80, 148, 162, 209-10, 306-7, 316

and naval prizes in U.S. ports, 39n, 79-80, 81, 110-11, 124-5, 153-4, 159n, 677

and census of 1800, 49, 532n

publication of laws in German, 79, 80n

and Geffroy letters, 88-9

and Barbary affairs, 148-9, 162-4, 189-90n

impressment of the George Washington, 163-4n

instructions for R. R. Livingston, 217n, 245n, 266-7, 276, 291, 306, 311, 340, 371n, 378

and Barraud's removal, 221n

applications to, for appointments, 253n, 307n, 313, 333n, 388n, 392n, 417n, 559n, 591n, 737

TJ forwards letters to, 265-6

and the Hope, 301n, 677

and Norton, 302

receives consular reports, 322-3

and C. Pinckney, 340, 378, 538

and Irujo, 393n, 599

and blockade of Gibraltar, 407n, 425n, 488n

and the Harmony, 410-11n, 677

forwards letters to prince regent of Portugal, 441-2n

attends cabinet meetings, 488-9, 609

and British debt claims, 507n

and Whitney, 514n

and J. Morton, 534n

TJ praises, 577

and T. Coxe, 584

revises system for expenditures, 629, 630n

and Duane's sedition trial, 653-4n

circular on circuit court cases, 658n

and W. P. Gardner, 704n

Madison, Bishop James

visits Madison, 267

recommends Barraud, 268

letter from cited, 268n

and T. P. Smith, 269-70

Madison, James, Sr., 378, 379n

Madrid, 239, 494n

Magellan, Ferdinand, 105n

magnetism, 716-17

magnolias, 352n

Magruder, William B., 46n

Maher, Edward

letter from, 421-2

leaves TJ's service, 421-2

identified, 421-2n

payments to, 758

Mahican Indians, 600n

Maine

Knox's estate in, 3

St. George River, 3

Kennebunk collectorship, 54, 57n, 85, 108

timber from, 87

Portland, 154n

Penobscot collectorship, 195, 227, 229n, 230n, 314

Republicans in, 195

U.S. attorney for, 195

circuit court cases in, 658

Frenchman's Bay collectorship, 726n

Malta

British naval base at, 74, 663

donkeys from, 105n

descriptions of, 124n

restored to Knights of St. John, 395, 398n, 714

Maltbie, Jonathan, 675

Malthus, Thomas Robert, 532-3n

"Mammoth Veal"

presented to TJ, 458, 479, 486, 513

Manhattan Company, 62, 143

Manual of Parliamentary Practice. For the Use of the Senate of the United States (Thomas Jefferson), 501

manufacturing

of paper, 214

cotton, 451

muskets, 514n, 599-600, 662-3

and principle of interchangeable parts, 514n, 600n, 662-3

one of four pillars of prosperity, 647

hemp, 746n

mustard, 746n

manure, 247

maps

of southwestern U.S., 106-7, 423-4, 548-9

of Federal District, 564, 568n

marble

Carrara, 293-4, 482-3

March, John

account with TJ, 355-6, 418

identified, 356n

Marchant, Elihu, 301-2

Marchant, Sarah Norton, 301, 302n

Maria I, Queen of Portugal, 442n

Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria, 297n

Marie Antoinette, Queen of France, 297n

Marines, U.S.

barracks for, 167-8, 172-3, 187, 211, 217, 417-18, 512

officers' commissions, 218n

resignations from, 512-13

appropriations for, 637

Marks, Anna Scott Jefferson (Mrs. Hastings Marks, TJ's sister)

TJ's affection for, 419

letter to cited, 752

Marks, Peter S., 551, 560n

Marseilles, France, 59, 251, 494

Marsh, Amos

letter to, 708-9

letter from, 574-5

congratulatory address from, 574-5

identified, 575n

letter from cited, 575n, 751

thanked by TJ, 708-9

Marsh, Daniel, 118n, 693

Marshall, Andrew

letter from, 442-4

criticizes St. Clair, 442-4

identified, 444n

Marshall, John, 46n, 493, 494n

Martin, Thomas, 135n, 159n, 263n

Martinique, W.I., 160n, 395

Mary (ship), 60n

Maryland

elections in, 22, 147, 169, 223, 269, 273, 303, 324, 529, 684, 686n

Harford Co., 22

Charles Co., 83n

legislature, 97-8, 99-100n, 384

loan to D.C. commissioners, 97-100, 113, 129-30, 175-6, 371-3

Bladensburg, 109n

Frederick, 168, 387, 388n

Calvert Co., 223

Frederick Co., 223

Prince George's Co., 223, 289-90, 444

ferries, 225, 328

Havre de Grace, 225, 270, 328

Oldtown, 228n

roads in, 270

smallpox vaccination in, 289-90

courts, 335-6, 452n

U.S. district court, 336

Portuguese vice consul in, 349n

Nottingham collectorship, 364, 711, 738, 743n

medical societies, 384n

presidential electors, 384n

inspectors of revenue in, 388n

Presbyterians in, 388n

maps of, 412n

too many federal appointees from, 426, 508

Montgomery Co., 444, 717n

taxes in, 444

Queen Anne's Co., 451, 452n

registers of wills, 451, 452n

Anne Arundel Co., 499

census in, 531, 532n

French consul for, 562n

circuit court cases in, 658n

agriculture, 706

smuggling, 711

Brookeville, 717n

surveyors, 717n

U.S. attorney for, 739, 742-3n

admiralty court, 743n

See also Baltimore, Md.; Federalists; Republicans

Maryland (U.S. sloop)

ordered to give passage to T. Paine, 125, 126n

returns to U.S., 173, 174n, 175n, 176, 187n, 188, 189, 216, 263, 268, 394, 445n, 587n

Mason, Mr. (Georgetown, D.C.), 289-90

Mason, George, 224n, 387n

Mason, John (Georgetown merchant), 46n, 191, 223-4, 290

Mason, John Thomson

letters from, 223-4, 387-8, 444

as bank director, 136n, 191n

as attorney, 144

Notes on Candidates for Bank Director, 190-1

recommends aspirants for office, 223-4, 290, 387-8

as reference, 386

letter from cited, 388n, 750

sends tax estimates, 444

Mason, Mary Elizabeth Armistead, 519, 520n

Mason, Mary Thomson, 387n

Mason, Stevens Thomson

letter to, 519-20

and S.C. appointments, 12, 13-14n, 31, 53

C. Pinckney sends regards to, 398, 538

TJ sends newspapers, foreign news to, 519-20

and Miss. Terr., 553

and W. P. Gardner, 700

Mason, Thomson, 224n

masons. See Freemasons

Massac

customs district, 391-2

Massac, Fort (Illinois), 77, 560n

Massachusetts

union of clergy and Federalists in, 4

Plymouth collectorship, 53, 56n, 221-3

Marblehead collectorship, 108, 587n

roads in, 155

U.S. attorney for, 160, 687n

courts, 160n, 299, 689

privateers from, 160n

heat wave in, 198

kinepox reported in, 199, 430

Massachusetts Medical Society, 199

paper manufacturing in, 214

smuggling in, 222

Dedham, 300, 301n

Martha's Vineyard, 302n

postmasters, 302n

elections in, 305, 498

newspapers, 305-6

Worcester, 305-6

Salem and Beverly collectorship, 315-16, 352, 498

legislature, 498

attorneys in, 516, 517n

Congregationalists in, 516, 517n

Marblehead, 516

Brookfield, 520-1

Springfield armory, 521, 522n

Stockbridge, 521, 522n

circuit court cases in, 657

hospitals, 681n

smallpox vaccination in, 681n

American Revolution in, 686

bankruptcy laws in, 689

See also Boston; Federalists; Republicans

Massachusetts Spy (Worcester), 147n, 306n

Massena, André, 528

Masten, John, 435n

mastodon

C. W. Peale's painting of exhumation of, xlviii-xlix, 382 (illus.)

remains discovered in Hudson Valley, 107, 430-6, 699

Matagorda Bay, 555, 561n

mathematics

geometric progressions, xi, 531-3, 545, 643

logarithms, 531-3, 625

Mathews, Mr. (Nassau attorney), 547

Matilda (slave of Randolph Lewis), 346n

Matlock, Timothy

letter from, 164-5

reports on Federalists in Pa., 164-5

identified, 165n

mattresses, 205

Maurepas, Lake, 106

Maximilian Franz, Elector of Cologne, 295, 296-7n

Maxwell, Robert

letter to, 30

removed as postmaster, 30

Mazzei, Philip

letters from, 353-4, 666-8, 694-5

exchanges seeds, plants with TJ, 353-4, 666, 667

prints Italian translation of inaugural address, 666-7

seeks U.S. position in Italy, 666-7

finances of, 666-8

reports arrival of king of Etruria, 694-5

Mease, James

letter from, 341-2

seeks appointment, 341-2

medals, 231, 599, 681, 683n, 702

Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of the State of Maryland, 384n

medicine

rheumatism, 52n, 334

mental illness, 74, 170n, 195, 406, 407n, 442n, 502-3

seasoning, 75, 77, 350, 357

hygiene, 77

surgeons, 93, 183n, 358n

medical schools, education, 103n, 200, 278n, 279n, 490, 491n, 531n, 605, 698

physicians, 103n, 119n, 198-9, 252n, 278n, 279n, 289n, 369, 592n, 684-5

anatomists, 183n

eyesight, 197, 383-4

medical societies, 199, 384n

chicken pox, 200, 578

diarrhea, 297

autumnal diseases, 318

ruptures, 334

importation, cost of drugs, 341

head inflammation, 346n

strokes, 348

fraud, unethical behavior by physicians, 369

deafness, 382

fevers, 433

childbirth, 498

influenza, 500

invalids, 505

midwives, 510, 511n

gout, 513, 523

worms, 590

epilepsy, 694-5

dentists, 718n

See also hospitals; smallpox; whooping cough; yellow fever

Mediterranean Sea

Mediterranean passes, 13, 14n, 31

British navy bases in, 74

navy squadron sent to, 74, 108-9, 163, 187, 188n, 211, 240, 277, 422, 638-9, 663-4

squadron arrives at, 219, 228, 303, 630-1, 638

U.S. trade in, 341-2, 593-5, 630-1, 638-9, 642, 664

Britain to withdraw from, 398n, 714

Meeks, Richard, 383n

Meeks, William, 383n

Meigs, Return Jonathan, 403, 404n, 456, 473-4, 748n

Melinda (b. 1787, Eppes slave), 34

Mello e Castro, João de Almeida de, 442n

"Memorandum on the Vaccine Disease" (Samuel L. Mitchill), 430

Menou, Jacques François de Boussay, Baron de, 296, 297n

Mercer, Mr., 11

Mercer, John (Va.)

letter from cited, 755

Mercer, John F.

letter to, 529-30

letter from, 499

invites TJ and Madison to visit, 499, 529-30

Mercer, Sophia Sprigg, 499, 530

Mercury and New-England Palladium (Boston), 146-7, 519, 521, 598

Meredith, Margaret Cadwalader, 172

Meredith, Samuel

letter to, 210

letter from, 172

warrants issued on, 56n, 169n

resigns as treasurer of the U.S., 169, 172, 209-10, 216, 223, 253, 281-2, 303, 307, 321, 330, 364, 530, 571-2

identified, 172n

letter to cited, 572n, 751

commission on Seneca annuity, 696-8

Merrick, Pliny, 521

Merry, Anthony, 295, 297n

"Metempsychosis Doctrine, in a Limited Sense, Defended" (Isaac Story), 516-17

Mexican Association, 670n

Mexico, 122, 561n, 717n

Michaux, François André, 352n

Michilimackinac

collection district, 13, 31

microscopes, 198

Middleton, James R., 218n

Mifflin, Jonathan, 705n

militia

fines for non-service, 246

preferable to standing armies, 645

milk, 757, 759

Milledge, John

advises on appointments, 53, 85, 133, 226, 229n, 287-8, 314, 570, 580

recommends E. Clark, Jr., 144n

Miller, Henry, 263n

Miller, John, Jr., 46n

Miller, Lillian B., xlviii

Miller, William

commissioner of the revenue, 91, 92n, 101, 117, 133, 135n, 159n, 584n

mills

Warren, 22n

Somerville's, 568

Poindexter's, 659

See also Henderson lands

Mills, Jared, 409n

Millspaw, Peter, 435n

Milton, Va.

creation of, xlvii

and Henderson lands, xlvii, 343n, 360-1, 363n, 379, 380n, 581n, 743

merchants, 28

roads to, from, 36

post office, 41, 173, 510

shipments received at, 171, 210, 361n

tobacco sent from, 232

whooping cough in, 373

demand for firewood in, 580

mineralogy, 212

Minor, John, Jr.

letter from cited, 755

Minorca, 199, 714

Mint, U.S.

coining process at, 15

treasurer of, 135n, 375n, 597n

salaries of officers, 375n

applications for appointment in, 416n

rumored to be discontinued, 530

copper for, 587n, 596-7

expense of, 628

establishment of, 682

mirrors

ordered by TJ, 12, 96

Mississippi River

as transportation system, 77

Spanish settlements along, 106

Dunbar studies, 121

maps of, 423

defense of, 562n

French interest in, 670

Mississippi Territory

relations with Spain, 17-18

politics, 18, 732-3

descriptions of, 121, 550

U.S. attorney for, 149n, 162

governor of, 154

collection of internal revenues in, 264

immigrants to, 376, 377n

salaries in, 376

courts, 376-7, 550-1, 552, 560n, 734n

trade with New Orleans, 549-50

military in, 550-2, 550-3, 734n

Adams Co., 553, 561n

attorney general, 553

election of 1800 in, 553

Federalists in, 553

Republicans in, 553

sheriffs, 553, 561n

code of laws, 733

legislature, 733-4

See also Adams, Fort; Claiborne, William C. C.; Natchez

Missouri River, 553-4

Mitchell, John (Georgetown)

letters from cited, 750

Mitchell, Nathaniel, 428

Mitchill, Samuel Latham

and New York City Republicans, 235n

"Memorandum on the Vaccine Disease," 430

and New York Mineralogical Society, 716

letter from cited, 753

Mobile, W. Fla., 106, 557, 561n

molasses, 134n

Molly (servant), 178

Molly (ship), 594-5

Moniteur (Paris), 527

Monitor (Litchfield, Conn.), 519-20

Monroe, James

letters to, 662-3, 718-22

letters from, 354-5, 683

and removal of condemned slaves, ix-x, 683, 712, 718-22

recommends aspirants for office, 59, 354-5, 478, 496

travels between Albemarle and Richmond, 81, 110-11

and Hay, 136n

and I. C. Barnet, 249-50, 252-3n

View, 253n

applications to, for appointment, 298-9n

Albemarle Co. property, 309

letters from cited, 355n, 750

as reference, 356, 357n

and J. H. Purviance, 445n, 683

secretaries for, 445n

advises on appointments, 494n

service in the American Revolution, 502

TJ recommends Whitney to, 662-3

Monroe, John

letter from, 727-8

seeks loan to open tavern, 727-8

Monticello

M. L. Davis visits, vii, 272-3, 286, 287, 289n, 307, 311, 314, 316

renovation and expansion of, vii, 735, 745

smallpox vaccination at, vii, xlix, 34-5, 47, 89, 91, 118-19, 120-1, 166, 170, 174, 178, 198-9, 213, 277-8, 369, 472, 490, 495, 572-3, 681n, 698

TJ invites family to, vii, 266n, 419, 510-11

various visitors to, vii, 79, 93, 94, 501n, 745

TJ's correspondence from, vii-viii, 31, 260

groceries and supplies for, 11, 12, 30-1, 83, 87, 95-6, 103, 118, 137n, 171, 210, 225

plastering, 11, 31, 49-51, 83, 95-6, 178, 373, 579, 691

glass for, 12, 95, 225, 676n

TJ invites friends to, 21, 27, 36, 81, 110-11

furnishings for, 23-4, 137, 152, 181, 232-3, 270

biannual visits to, planned by TJ, 26n, 305, 315, 471

architectural ornaments for, 30-1, 95, 127, 418

cellars, 96n

dining room, 96n, 418

insurance of, 103-4

Madison visits, 209, 216, 217, 263, 266, 268, 374n

De Chanlas offers to take charge of, 325-6

peach cultivation at, 354n

masons at, 373, 579, 735, 745

octagonal chamber, 373, 374n

study, 414

descriptions of, 462-3

too many visitors, interruptions at, 471, 510-11

pecan trees at, 504

James Hemings as cook at, 543n

kitchen, 543n

nursery, 579

wings, 579

catalog of artwork at, 657n

sash weights for, 754

See also Jefferson, Thomas: Nailery; Jefferson, Thomas: Travels

Montmollin & Herron (Savannah), 368n

Moore, Andrew

letters to, 26, 49

letters from, 27, 255

appointed marshal, 26, 27, 32, 49, 255, 371

identified, 26n

health of, 27n

prepares census return, 255, 570n

as reference, 356

Moore, Duncan, 390

Moore, Thomas (Va.), 726

Morale de Jésus-Christ et des Apôtres; ou, La Vie et les Instructions de Jésus-Christ, 20

Moran, Joseph

leaves Monticello to work at Milton, 579, 678

masonry work at Monticello, 691, 735, 745

letter to cited, 752

Moreau de St. Méry, Médéric Louis Elie

Description, 356

Morgan, Daniel, 26n

Morgan, Jacob, 416n

Morgan, William, 758

Morphy, Diego, 114, 115n

Morris, Gouverneur

letter to, 544-5

letters from, 492-3, 660-1

and naval prizes, 158

offers silver service to TJ, 492, 544-5

and Convention of 1800, 492-3

comments on foreign, domestic affairs, 660-1

Morris, Richard Valentine, 488

Morris, Robert

and D.C. land speculations, 113n, 384, 401, 402n

bankruptcy of, 565, 568n

and Seneca annuity, 695-7

Morris, Thomas, 695

Morton, George C., 534, 547-8

Morton, John

resigns as consul, 388n, 534n

TJ's notes on, regarding Warren mission, 534

Möser, Justus, 294, 295n

Moses. See Hern, Moses (b. 1779, TJ's slave)

Mountflorence, James Cole, 174n, 463

Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel

forwards letter to TJ, 252n

letter from cited, 252n, 751

appoints T. Coxe, 582, 584n

mules, 105n

Mumford, Paul M., 4, 5n, 6n

Munroe, Thomas, 373

Munsee Indians, 600n

Murad Rais (Peter Lisle), 219, 228, 277, 303, 325

murder

by Indians, 77, 344, 345n, 599-600

of Indians, 196n, 308, 747-8

executions for, 301n

by thieves, 345n, 377

attempted, 547-8, 551-2

unpunished, 553

duelists accused of, 705n

reward for apprehending, 747-8

Murray, Alexander, 488

Murray, William Vans

dispatches from, 80

and ratification of Convention of 1800, 105n, 173-4, 186-8, 189n, 211-12, 216, 217, 265, 276, 306, 315, 316

commission for, 266-7

secretary to, 313n

music

books, 355

muskets, 116-17, 254-5, 662-3

Mustafa Baba, Dey of Algiers

writes to bashaw of Tripoli, 108, 109n

impressment of the George Washington, 163-4

Dale's instructions regarding, 241n

See also Algiers

mustard, 746n

Mutual Assurance Society, 104n

nails, 682

Nantes, France, 371, 494, 495n, 526

Naples, 714, 724-5

Natchez, 76, 196n, 308n, 553, 558, 560n, 732

National Aegis (Worcester), 306, 521-2

National Gazette (Philadelphia), 533n

National Intelligencer (Washington)

prints TJ's reply to New Haven merchants, 46n

prints list of Bank of the U.S. branch directors, 136n

reports news from overseas, 189n, 219n, 589n, 715n

reports on smallpox vaccination, 430, 472

National Magazine, or Cabinet of the United States (Georgetown), 487-8

Natural Bridge, Va., 179, 180n

natural history, 435, 436n

naturalization, 612-13, 618, 620-1, 639, 648-9, 671n

Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris, 355, 356n

naval stores, 535

Navy, U.S.

warrants drawn on Treasury by, 14n, 31, 90-1, 101n, 104, 218n, 324, 325n, 375n, 447n, 512n, 570n, 711n

chief clerk of, 60n, 447n, 703

British open Mediterranean bases to, 74, 663

sends squadrons to Mediterranean, 74, 108-9, 187, 188n, 219, 240, 277, 303, 422, 630-1, 638-9, 642, 645-6, 663-4, 668

search for secretary, 78

abuses, improprieties in, 83-4, 89

applications for commissions, 93, 746, 754

warehouses for, 187n

arsenals and magazines, 217-18, 512n

contract with J. Lloyd, 277

officers' commissions and warrants, 324, 325n, 422-3n, 668n

inspectors of naval stores, 389

galleys, 488

reduction of, 488, 624n, 628, 632, 634, 639, 640-1n, 644, 646, 661n

need to strengthen, 509-10

courts-martial in, 513n

and Warren mission to Veracruz, 534

yellow fever in, 534

appointment of navy agents, 601n

accountant of, 628-9, 636, 703

navy yards, 634, 637, 641n, 646

appropriations and expenditures for, 637, 693

clothing, 637

docks and wharves, 637, 641n

medical expenses, 637

pay for navy, 637

construction of 74-gun ships, 639, 640-1, 646, 651

expense of maintaining frigates in service, 641n

and American Revolution, 654, 674-6

arrangement of, for 1802, 668

vessels laid up, 668

letters from cited, 668n, 751, 754, 755, 756

six percent stocks, 672-3

naval architecture, 698-9, 722

timber for, 698-9, 730

See also Marines, U.S.; Peace Establishment Act (1801); Smith, Robert

Neail, James

letter from cited, 754

Ned. See Gillette, Edward (b. 1760, Ned, TJ's slave)

Nelson, Horatio, 295, 297n, 725n

Nelson, John, 226

Nelson, Stephen S.

letter from, 407-9

supports religious liberty, 407-9

identified, 409n

Netherlands

immigrants from, 10

U.S. debt to, 14n, 54, 101n, 227-8, 229n, 276, 288n, 330n, 374n, 375n, 469n, 570-1n, 588n, 597n, 623, 672, 731, 738n

and neutral rights, 81, 111n

prisoners of war, 125

bills of exchange on, 229n, 288n, 330n, 374n, 375n, 469n, 570-1n, 588n, 597n, 738n

U.S. treaty of amity and commerce with, 244, 245n

descriptions of, 295

and slave trade, 561n

agriculture in, 707

France to acquire, 714

See also Amsterdam; Batavian Republic

Neue Philadelphische Correspondenz, 80n

neutrality, league of armed, 31, 32n, 191-2

neutral rights

TJ's opinion on, ix, 81, 124-5, 241-6, 609-10, 641-2

naval prizes in neutral ports, 37-9, 56, 57n, 79, 81, 86, 90, 108, 110-11, 124-5, 132-3, 134n, 153-4, 158, 247

privateers in neutral ports, 56, 57n, 79-80

R. R. Livingston's opinion on, 393-4

need strong navy to protect, 509-10

works on, 523-4, 609-10

misrepresenting foreign vessels as American-owned, 621n, 649

Neutral Rights; or, An Impartial Examination of the Right of Search of Neutral Vessels Under Convoy (J. F. W. Schlegel), 81, 82n

Neville, John, 184

New, Anthony, 183

New and Universal Gazetteer; or, Modern Geographical Dictionary (Joseph T. Scott), 267

New Calabar, 556, 561n

New England

Republicans in, 4

religion in, 78

kinepox reported in, 199

Federalists in, 520-1

newspapers in, 521-2

subordinated to southern, Virginia interests, 522n

importance of commerce to, 652

Newfoundland, 199

New Hampshire

union of clergy and Federalists in, 4

Concord, 37n

newspapers, 37n

postmasters, 37n

physicians, 369

smallpox vaccination in, 369

marshal for, 601

supervisor, 601, 652-3, 655

banks, 652-3

Sons of Liberty in, 654n

U.S. attorney for, 655n

circuit court cases in, 658

See also Federalists; Portsmouth, N.H.; Republicans

New Hampshire Bank, 652-3

New Haven, Conn.

TJ's reply to merchants of, ix, 4, 6n, 31, 33n, 42-3, 54-5, 56n, 57n, 64, 69-70, 79, 80, 80n, 85, 88, 100, 118, 138, 146, 169, 234, 272, 459, 460n, 574

Remonstrance of the Merchants of, 4-5, 6n, 42-3, 80n, 146, 459, 460n, 478

New Jersey

New Brunswick surveyorship, 84, 86n, 107, 157, 226

marshal for, 101, 102n, 117, 162

Trenton, 115-16

Perth Amboy collectorship, 118n, 693

need for removals in, 147

French consul for, 161n

Federalists in, 226, 365, 591n

Republicans in, 226, 365, 590-1

Elizabeth, 248, 252n, 253n

and American Revolution, 249

physicians, 252n

Presbyterians in, 253n, 499n

elections in, 365, 591

Burlington Co., 365n

postmasters, 365n

shipbuilding, 365n

Tuckerton, 365n

Sandy Hook, 448n, 738

census in, 469n

attorney general, 591n

governor, 591n

circuit court cases in, 658

See also Little Egg Harbor, N.J.

New Jersey, College of (Princeton)

graduates of, 103n, 516, 517n, 575n, 662n

president of, 497, 499n

New London, Conn.

Falkner Island lighthouse, 91-2

carpenters, 92n

Fort Trumbull, 592n

Newman, John

forwards pamphlets, 86n

letter from cited, 86n, 749

chief clerk of the War Department, 325n

Newman, Morris, 422n

Newman, Timothy, 534n

Newman, William (midshipman), 325n

New Orleans

consul at, 18, 327-8, 549-50

and U.S.-Spanish relations, 18, 106-7, 550

trade of, 549-50

Newport, R.I.

coffeehouses, 3

harbor defenses, 3-4, 6n, 83-4, 87, 88, 90, 157, 195, 271-2, 309

collector at, 4, 6n

TJ and Washington visit, 5, 6n

jewelers, 5n, 156

watchmakers, 5n, 156

merchants, 6n, 593-5

postmaster, 156-7

insurance companies, 593-5

Newport Insurance Company, 593-5

newspapers

Federalist, viii, 4, 56n, 80, 126n, 146-7, 263n, 265, 288, 305-6, 324n, 338, 381-2, 399, 460n, 480-1, 497, 519-20, 521-2, 598, 705n

Republican, 37n, 265, 306, 356n, 392n, 480, 521-2, 598, 703

delivery of, 41

TJ urged to disseminate information through, 55, 86

British gather information from, 57n

German, in Pa., 79, 80n

unreliability of, 81, 86, 90, 260

European, 189

seek printing contracts, 265, 392n

printing presses, 611n

postage on, 616, 643, 649-50n, 651

British, 715

Newsum, William

recommended by T. Newton, 568

letter from cited, 568n, 756

Newton, Isaac, 123, 701

Newton, Thomas

letters to, 89, 317, 588-9, 734

letters from, 126-7, 127, 347-8, 350, 357-8, 453-4, 568, 689-90

advises on appointments, 86n, 89, 126-7, 317, 347-8, 350, 449

reseals letter to TJ, 127

supplies wine to TJ, 348, 568, 588-9

sends news, observations from Norfolk, 357-8

forwards plants and curiosities, 453-4, 568, 588, 689

TJ orders cider from, 453-4, 588, 689-90, 734, 740

introduces W. Newsum, 568

Newton, Thomas, Jr., 169, 226

New York

U.S. attorney for, 33n

Sag Harbor collectorship, 52

supervisor, 56n, 101, 102n, 204, 323-4, 332

comptroller, 62

attorneys, 71, 337

lighthouses, 92n

need for removals in, 147

French consul for, 161n

Cayuga collectorship, 227, 314

elections in, 233, 234n, 286-7, 324n, 332

boundary, 249, 253n

Council of Appointment, 273, 275n, 337-8

legislature, 275n, 284n, 332

marshals for, 275n

commissioner of loans, 283-4, 323-4, 332-3, 345, 518

governors, 284n

Clintonians, 287

physicians, 289n

secretary of state, 289n

merchants, 324n

postmasters, 324n

Poughkeepsie, 324n

Quakers in, 324n

agriculture in, 326

Dutchess Co., 331-3

courts, 337-8, 518

American Revolution in, 337n

and Indian affairs, 434, 695-8

debt to U.S., 448n

land speculation in, 568n

circuit court cases in, 658

weights and measures in, 679

See also Federalists; Republicans

New York (U.S. frigate), 668

New York City

naval officer at, vii, 62, 63n, 100, 143, 204, 233-4, 234-5, 236-7, 238, 272-5, 291-2, 316, 323-4, 331-3, 481n

trade of, 28, 550

as center of finance, 54

merchants, 62-3, 96, 238n, 249, 291-2, 481n, 548n

architects, 92n

city hall, 92n

collector at, 100, 159, 236-7, 275n, 291, 713-14, 755

physicians, 103n

lighthouses, 135n, 159, 738

publishing, 152n

banks, 229n, 375n, 602-4

custom house, 235-7, 481n

surveyor at, 235-7

breweries, 235n

elections in, 235n

Republicans in, 235n, 236-7, 238, 272-5, 284n

Federalists in, 236-7, 238

fraudulent ship registers at, 236-8

harbor defenses, 238, 447-8, 688

Governor's Island, 238n

Democratic Society, 275n

mayors, 284n, 544n

political influence of, 285-6

council, 568n

post office, 572n

revenue cutter at, 596n

growth of, 631

navy yard at, 641n

New-York Evening Post, 460n

New York Mineralogical Society, 716

New-York Missionary Magazine, and Repository of Religious Intelligence, 152n

Nicholas, John, Jr. (clerk of Albemarle County Court), 744n

Nicholas, Philip Norborne, 93-4, 112

Nicholas, Wilson Cary

letters to, 21-2, 92, 506-7

letters from, 112, 525

sells plantations, property, 21, 22n

recommends overseer to TJ, 21-2, 525

letter from cited, 22n, 749

advises on appointments, 86n, 92, 112, 525

as reference, 356

C. Pinckney sends regards to, 398, 538

as congressman, 455n

TJ sends copy of ratified convention, foreign news to, 506-7

Nicholson, James, 235n, 283-4

Nicholson, James Witter, 170n

Nicholson, John, 113n, 384, 401, 402n

Nicholson, Joseph H., 452

Nicholson, Maria, 168, 170n

Nicholson, Samuel, 488

Niemcewicz, Julian Ursin

forwards letter from L. Littlepage, 712n

letter from cited, 712n, 751

Niger River, 561n

Nixon, Jacob

letter from, 93

seeks appointment, 93

identified, 93n

Nolan, Philip, 122, 124n

Nones, Benjamin

letter from, 608-9

seeks appointment, 608-9

Norfolk, Va.

marine hospital, 53, 108, 219-21, 357-8, 449

aldermen, 81n

physicians, 93n

packet service to, from, 95, 453, 454n, 689-90

climate, 127, 453

trade of, 127

common council, 127n

smallpox vaccination in, 312

collector at, 348

health of, 350, 357, 453

Irish in, 350, 357

attorneys, 355n

banks, 355n, 602-4

Republicans in, 355n

courthouse, 357

population, 357

prisons, 357

revenue cutter at, 596n

navy yard at, 641n

bottlers, 689

Norman's ford (Rappahannock River), 568

Norris, Mr., 453

Norris, Kezia

letter to, 475

letter from, 471

and plan for charity school, 471, 475

North America, Bank of, 101, 102n, 172n, 702

North Carolina

collection of internal revenues in, 54

attorneys, 71, 662n

New Bern, 71

Freemasons in, 71n

migrants to Ky. from, 75

western land claims, 76

lighthouses, 92n

and camels, 105n

Republicans in, 145, 389-90

census, 288n

Presbyterians in, 376n

Lumberton, 377n

elections in, 389-90

Federalists in, 389-90

Brunswick Co., 390

claim on U.S., 447n

marshal for, 459, 460n

opposition to Jay Treaty in, 459, 461n

Edenton, 459-61

Albemarle Sound, 460n

American Revolution in, 460n

galleys in, 488n

revenue inspectors in, 655n

circuit court cases in, 658

weights and measures in, 679

Bertie Co., 679n

legislature, 679n

and ratification of the U.S. Constitution, 679n

physicians, 685n

See also Wilmington, N.C.

North Carolina, University of, 377n

Northwest Territory

supervisor for, 169, 170n

collection of internal revenues in, 170n, 264

receiver of public monies, 170n, 227, 392n

register of land office, 170n, 227, 229n

revenue inspectors, 227, 229n

Erie collectorship, 229n

Symmes purchase, 391-2

marshal for, 392n

U.S. attorney for, 392n

postmasters, 443, 444n

survey and division of townships in, 587n

removal of condemned slaves to, 719, 721n

See also Ohio

Norton, Beriah

letter from, 301-2

seeks pardon for son-in-law, 301-2

identified, 302n

Notes on the State of Virginia

description of Natural Bridge, 179, 180n

republication of, 351n

New World animals defended in, 458, 486

on population growth, 533n

description of medicinal springs, 728n

Nourse, Joseph, 622-3, 674, 705n

Nourse, Michael, 373

Nova Scotia, 59, 193, 251

Nuevo León, 553-4, 561n

oak, 352n

Oakley, John, 190-1

oaths, 700

oats, 758

O'Brien, Richard, 108, 109n, 163-4, 705n

Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind, Peopling of Countries, &c. (Benjamin Franklin), 533n

Observations on the Cow-Pock (John Coakley Lettsom), 424-5

Observations on the Progress of Population (William Barton), 533n

"Observer & Friend to Justice" (pseudonym)

criticizes Simons, 713-14

Ocmulgee River, 73

Odenheimer, Philip, 458n

Odier, Louis, 199

Oelrichs, Arnold

letter from, 292-5

sends sculpture to TJ, 292-5, 741

identified, 294n

Ogden, Aaron, 302

Ohio

Chillicothe, 170n, 227, 229n

Cincinnati collectorship, 227, 229n, 314

legislature, 229n, 392n, 473-4

collection district, 277

Belmont Co., 443-4

Pultney, 443-4

St. Clairsville, 443-4

Federalists in, 456, 473-4, 477-8

Marietta, 456, 474, 476n

Republicans in, 456, 473-4, 477-8

elections in, 473-4

Washington Co., 474n

immigrants to, 476n, 477-8

See also Northwest Territory

Ohio River, 75, 433

oil, 134n

Oliveras y Foris (Havana)

letter from cited, 755

olive trees, 105n

Olivo, Pierre, 559

Olney, Jeremiah, 6n

Opelousas, La., 121, 124n, 346n

Orange Court House, Va., 41, 569

oranges, 454n, 568

Oration, Delivered in St. Paul's Church, on The Fourth of July, 1800 (Matthew L. Davis), 234n

Oration, on the Anniversary of the Independence of the United States of America. Pronounced at Worcester, July 4, 1801 (Isaac Story, Jr.), 516

Origin of the Vaccine Inoculation (Edward Jenner), 430

Orleans Territory, 190n, 670n

Ormesson, Henri François de Paule IV Lefevre d', 326

ornaments

architectural, 30-1, 95, 127, 418

orphans, 452n

Orr, Benjamin Grayson, 80, 83n, 500

Osgood, Samuel, 54, 56n, 102n, 332

Osmont, Lewis

letter from, 366-8

seeks TJ's assistance, 366-8

identified, 368n

Osnabrück, Germany, 294n

Otis, Harrison Gray, 46n, 80, 299, 300-1n

Otis, Samuel A., 514n

Otto, Louis Guillaume

rumored as new French minister to U.S., 161, 292, 397

TJ's opinion of, 161, 292

as French chargé d'affaires, 161-2n

as French peace negotiator, 295, 297n, 386n, 398n

and Louisiana, 396, 535

Ottoman Empire, 396, 398n, 415n

Ouachita River, 554, 558

overseers, 21-2, 525

Oxley, William, 136n

packet ships, 95, 453, 454n, 543, 689-90

Page, John

advises on appointments, 53, 85, 108, 157-8, 226

TJ's opinion of, 85, 157-8

and removal of condemned slaves from Va., 722n

Page, Mann

letter from cited, 755

Paine, Thomas

letter from, 191-4

offered passage in the Maryland, 125, 126n

plan for power generation, 189n

sends news of Europe, 191-4

suggests gunboat invasion of Britain, 192, 194n

recommends French plaster of paris, 192-3

works of, 346n

painters, 372

Palfrey, William, 251, 253n

Palladium. See Mercury and New-England Palladium (Boston)

Palyart, Ignatius

letter to, 267

letter from, 137-8

plans leave of absence, 137-8, 267

identified, 138n

Panchaud, Isaac, 417n

Panegyricus (Pliny the Younger), 25n

pans, 758

Panton, Leslie & Co., 559n

Pantops (Eppes estate, Albemarle Co., Va.), 418-20, 504, 510

Paoli, Pasquale, 293, 294n

paper, 214, 370

Papers, in Relation to the Official Conduct of Governour Sargent (Winthrop Sargent), 733n

pardons

petitions for, 41-2, 84, 215, 261-2, 301-2, 457

granted by TJ, 84, 86n, 109, 216n, 261n, 391, 457n

Paris

consuls, commercial agents at, 252n, 382

preliminary peace announced at, 385-6, 395

plan to establish an exchange at, 526, 528n

Louvre, 538, 539n

Paris, Treaty of (1763), 106

Parker, Daniel, 189n

Parker, Jeremiah, 46n

Parker, Thomas, 41, 42n

Parliamentary Debates, 482-3

Parliamentary or Constitutional History of England, 482-4, 542

Parnassian Shop, Opened in the Pindaric Stile (Isaac Story, Jr.), 517n

Parrott, Richard

seeks appointment, 288, 289n, 290

letter from cited, 289n, 750

parsley, 759

Parsons, Enoch, 485-6

parties, political

criticism of, 18

and political "Trimmers," 45-6

based on fluctuating majorities, 55

office hunters rely on, 55

impact of Jay Treaty on, 257

Pascal, Blaise, 461, 465n

passports, 13, 14n, 31, 528n, 557, 704n

patents, 426n, 514, 610-11, 662

Paterson, William (N.J.), 301-2

Patterson (revenue boat), 365

Patterson, Catharine Livingston, 664n

Patterson, John (Demerara), 704-5n

Patterson, John (Pa.), 664

Patterson, Robert, 124n, 213, 412n, 423, 424n

Patterson, Samuel, 705n

Patterson, William (N.Y.), 371, 664

Patton, Robert

and letter for T. T. Tucker, 530-1n, 572n

letter to cited, 530-1n, 751

letter from cited, 572n, 751

Patty. See Hern, Patty (1781-1806, TJ's slave)

Patuxent River, 711n, 738-9

Paul, Thomas

letter from cited, 755

Paulen, John, 434

Payne, Anna, 81, 82n, 265

Payne, Michael, 459-61

Peace and Plenty (ship), 13, 14n, 31

Peace Establishment Act (1801), 639, 641n, 646, 661n, 663

peaches

sent by Mazzei, xlix, 666, 667

Venus peach, xlix, 382 (illus.)

varieties of, 353-4

at Monticello, 354n

Peale, Charles Willson

letter from, 430-6

designs treadmill wheel, xlviii, 431, 433-4, 435n

and mastodon skeleton, xlviii-xlix, 107, 430-6, 699

painting of mastodon exhumation, xlviii-xlix, 382 (illus.)

museum, 434, 436n

seeks specimens in S. America, 435, 436n

and Louis of Parma, 695n

children of, vaccinated, 710

Peale, Rembrandt, xlviii, 128, 434, 436n, 699

Peale, Rubens, 436n

Pearce, William, 451

Pearson, Lawrence, 418n, 512

pecans, 351, 352n, 454n, 504

Peirce, Charles, 522n

Peirsoll, Jeremiah, 703

Pendleton, Edmund, 380-1, 383n

Penniman, Jabez, 37n

Pennsylvania

Catholics in, xlvi

Germans in, 79, 80n, 513

Lancaster, 79, 549n

newspapers, 79, 80n, 263n

Reading, 79

need for removals in, 147

French consul for, 161n

legislature, 164, 172n, 416n, 457-8, 740n

Lancaster Co., 164-5

attorneys, 165n

clerks, 165n

inspectors of the revenue, 165n

master of the rolls, 165n

Wayne Co., 172n

elections in, 184, 457-8, 740n

militia, 184

"Neville connection," 184n

land office, 206, 207n, 423-4

Presbyterians in, 213n

Wright's ferry, 225

Germantown, 352n

Montgomery Co., 416n

and American Revolution, 477n

too many federal appointees from, 508

supervisor for, 584n

circuit court cases in, 658

agriculture, 706

census in, 711n

and ratification of U.S. Constitution, 740n

See also Federalists; Republicans

Pennsylvania (ship), 741

Pennsylvania, Bank of, 700, 705n

Pennsylvania, University of, 213, 341, 490, 491n, 698

"Pennsylvanian" (Tench Coxe), 263

Pensacola, Fla., 106, 557

Perot, Elliston and John, 530n

Perry, Reuben

carpenter at Monticello, 735

letter from cited, 756

Peter, Thomas, 46n, 136n

Peters, Abigail Willing, 118n

Peters, Richard, 118n

Peters & Johnson (Baltimore), 723

Petit, Mr., 203n

Peyton, Craven

letters to, 412-14, 507-8, 545-6

letters from, 379-80, 454-5, 580-1

purchases land for TJ, xlvi, 342-4, 359-61, 412-14, 454-5, 743-4

reports on division of Henderson lands, xlvi-xlvii, 363-4n, 379-80, 580-1

Declaration of Trust with TJ, 342-4

payments to, 400, 412, 454, 545-6, 580

and lease of Shadwell fields, 455, 507-8, 580

family of, 546n

supplies firewood, 580

Peyton, Jane Lewis (Mrs. Craven Peyton), 343n

Philadelphia

artists, 9

silversmiths, goldsmiths, 15

Ladies Association, 23n

naval officer at, 23n, 57n, 102n, 583

Republicans in, 23n, 100-1, 102n, 457-8

cabinetmakers and upholsterers, 24n

newspapers, 41, 80n

as center of finance, 54

collector at, 55, 57n, 100-1, 102n, 664, 740n

custom house, 55, 57n, 100-1, 102n

purveyor of public supplies, 57n

French in, 65

merchants, 65, 96, 102n, 172n, 425, 594-5

Germans in, 80n

surveyor at, 102n

roads to, from, 115-16

Federalists in, 118n

taverns, 118n

Portuguese consul general at, 138n

bills of exchange drawn on, 275-6

yellow fever, 304

banks, 374n

observatory at, 424n

trade of, 425, 550

manufacturing in, 451

butchers, 457-8

stage lines to, from, 486n

fortifications, 567n, 634

post office, 572n

collector of internal revenues, 582-4

smallpox vaccination in, 604-5, 698, 710, 736

medical education in, 605

growth of, 631

arsenals, 636n

navy yard at, 641n

ironmongers, 676n

as market for tobacco, 710

Philadelphia (U.S. frigate), 219, 303, 325, 668

Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce

letter from, 425

protests the blockade of Gibraltar, 425

Phill. See Hubbard, Philip (1786-1819, Phill, TJ's slave)

Phillips, Gabriel

letter from, 458-61

recommends M. Payne, 458-61

"Philopoemen" (pseudonym)

letter from, 359

criticizes TJ's removal policies, 359

Philosophical Magazine (London), 122, 716, 717n

Philosophical Transactions (Royal Society of London), 699

Philosophie de Kant (Charles François Dominique de Villers), 708n

philosophy, 708

Pichon, Louis André

and recognition of commercial agents in U.S., 114-15, 258

and naval prizes in U.S. ports, 125

and French prisoners in U.S., 259n

seeks refund of duties, 586, 587n

and proclamation of Convention of 1800, 609

Pickens, Andrew

letter to, 307-8

appointed Indian commissioner, 196, 197n, 305n, 307, 316

and Indian treaty negotiations, 307-8, 402, 518n

Pickering, Timothy

dispute with Irujo, xlv

accused of misusing public funds, 55, 437-41, 635, 636n, 704-6n

and the Hope, 160n, 300, 301n

and Seneca annuity, 695-6

Pierce, John, 263n

Pigalle, Jean Baptiste, 482-4

Pike, Zebulon, 551, 560n

Pilgrim (U.S. privateer), 160n

Pinckney, Charles

letters from, 239, 295-7, 395-9, 534-9, 540-1

advises on S.C. appointments, 12, 14n, 31-2, 53, 85, 86n, 100, 102n, 319

arrives in Europe, 53, 239, 295

correspondence with Madison, 80, 398n

cost of diplomatic outfit, 101n

as reference, 252n, 253n

and pardon for D. Hopkins, 261

sends news, observations from Europe, 295-7, 534-9, 540-1

family of, 296, 297n

revised instructions for, 340, 378

use of ciphers by, 340n

reports signing of preliminary peace treaty, 395-9

and blockade of Gibraltar, 406, 407n, 488n

Grant forwards letters from, 452-3

wishes to remain in Europe, 537-8, 541

fears nomination will be rejected, 538

Pinckney, Frances Henrietta, 297n

Pinckney, Mary Eleanor, 297n

Pinckney, Thomas, 73, 681-3, 692, 695n

Pinkney, William, 445n

Pintard, Lewis Searle, 148

piracy, 125, 711

Pisces (constellation), 549n

Pitt, William, 395

plasterers

at Monticello, 11, 31, 49-51, 83, 95-6, 178

at President's House, 66-7, 96n

wages for, 96n

at Madisons' house, 471

plaster of paris

ordered by TJ, 11, 31, 83, 95, 103, 128, 171, 178

French superior to American, 192-3

Platt, Jeremiah, 142

Pliny the Younger, 25, 180n

Poems Written at Coosohatchie, in South Carolina (John Davis), 180n

poetry, 516, 517n, 677

Poindexter, Mr., 659

Poinsett, Joel R., 94n, 125, 126n

Poirey, Joseph Léonard, 68-9, 201

Political Essays (James Workman), 670-1n

Political Intolerance, or The Violence of Party Spirit; Exemplified in a Recent Removal from Office (Winthrop Sargent), 501-2, 733

Polk, Charles Peale, 387-8

Pollock, Oliver

letter from, 326-8

seeks appointment, 326-8

claim presented to Congress, 328n

Pontchartrain, Lake, 106

Poole, England, 281n

Pope, Piercy Smith, 560n

Poplar Forest (TJ's estate)

overseers, 21-2, 350n, 525

land from, given to T. M. Randolph and J. W. Eppes, 414-15, 418-20, 503-4, 510, 659, 677-8

in marriage settlement of Martha Jefferson Randolph, 415n

TJ visits, 589n

harvest at, 659-60

hogs at, 660

slaves at, 660

population

rates of increase, 382, 507, 531-3, 545, 627, 643

study of, 532-3n

Port-au-Prince, Saint-Domingue, 312-13, 322-3

porter, 118, 137n, 210

Porterfield, Charles, 502

Port Républicain. See Port-au-Prince, Saint-Domingue

Portsmouth, N.H.

lighthouse at, 135n, 159

collector at, 159, 653

newspapers, 522n

revenue cutter at, 596n

naval officer, 601

navy agent, 601

harbor defenses, 634

navy yard at, 641n, 654

banks, 652-3

Portugal

prospects for peace with France and Spain, 108

consul general in U.S., 137-8, 267, 349n

U.S. legation to, discontinued, 157, 159n, 507, 519

South American colonies, 192, 720

treaty with France, 192, 194n, 398n

U.S. relations with, 244, 245-6n, 441

accounts from, 295

royal family, 441-2

invaded by France, 442n

minister to Great Britain, 442n

African colonies, 556

and preliminary peace treaty, 714

See also Lisbon

Portuguese language, 197

postal service

distrusted, 7-8, 87, 127, 145, 221-2, 396, 597-9, 612, 619

unsealed letters, 7-8, 127, 305

schedules, efficiency of, 29, 41, 49, 77-8, 79, 94, 153, 173, 188, 211, 214, 216, 217, 218, 266, 273, 305, 412, 507, 510, 677, 735

improvement, reorganization of, 30, 330n

postmasters, 30, 37n, 142, 156-7, 186n, 228n, 302n, 324n, 357n, 365n, 367, 368n, 443, 444n, 597-9, 649-50n

proposed post office tax, 52n, 335n

removals in, expected, 55

postmaster general, 77-8, 303n, 330-1, 334, 364, 374, 449, 460, 504-6, 511, 515, 528-9, 754

wages for private messengers, 266

and Federalists, 331, 597-9, 619

postage on newspapers, 616, 643, 649-50n, 651

income from, 632, 643, 649-50n

commissions for postmasters, 649-50n

clerks, 705n

potatoes, 759

Potsdam, 237n

Potts, John, 82n

Powell, James

replaced as collector, 53, 133, 226, 314, 693

delinquent accounts of, 374

Power, Nicholas, 324n

Preble, Edward, 488, 489n, 494n

Preble, Henry

letter from, 493-5

seeks appointment, 493-5

identified, 494n

Prentiss, Charles, 282n

Presbyterians

in Va., 184n, 350

in Pa., 213n

in N.J., 253n, 499n

in N.C., 376n

in Md., 388n, 407n

in N.Y., 407n

President (U.S. frigate), 219, 668

President's House

bedrooms, viii, 66-7, 152

construction, alterations to, viii, 66-7, 152-3, 372, 384

furnishing of, viii, 12, 14n, 66-7, 152-3, 205, 270, 391, 469n, 544-5, 588n, 758

servants at, 7, 24-5, 31, 178, 335, 421, 422, 437n

keys for, 11

stable and household accounts, 12n, 395n, 437n, 470, 757-9

appropriations for, 48

drawing room, 66-7

plastering, 66-7, 96n

physician at, 103n, 383

grates, 152, 466, 480

fence, 372

ice house, 372

dinners held at, 437n

groceries and supplies for, 437n, 757, 759

Madisons temporarily reside at, 471, 472n

images of, 657n

See also Jefferson, Thomas: Personal Affairs; Lemaire, Étienne; Rapin, Joseph

press, freedom of, 67-8, 656

Preston, Francis, 307, 316

Preston, James Patton

letter from, 356-7

seeks appointment, 356-7, 525

identified, 357n

Prevost, John B.

letter from cited, 143-4n, 750

recommends M. L. Davis, 143-4n

Price, Richard, 626n

Pride, John, 701, 705n

Priestman, William, 440-1n

printing presses, 611n

Priscilla (d. 1830, Randolph slave), 34

prisms, 123

prisoners of war

seize British vessel, 39n, 110, 111n, 124-5, 158

French, in U.S., 114-15, 259, 268

agents for U.S., 250, 253n

privateers

in U.S. ports, 56, 57n, 79-80, 111n, 132-3, 134n, 158, 404, 677

American, 160n, 249

Spanish, 494n, 593-5

French, 594

Continental, 674-5

prizes, naval

and neutral ports, 37-9, 56, 57n, 79, 81, 86, 90, 108, 110-11, 124-5, 132-3, 134n, 153-4, 158, 247, 404, 677

restitution of, 145-6, 276, 316

U.S. cargoes aboard, 404, 410-11, 420

French Council of Prizes, 528n

taken to the W. Indies, 546-8

Proceedings Relative to the Danish Brig Hope, and Cargo (William Bingham), 160

Projet de Code Civil, Présenté par la Commission Nommée par le Gouvernement, le 24 Thermidor An 8, 708n

Prospect of Exterminating the Small Pox, Part II (Benjamin Waterhouse), 200n

Provence, France, 105n

Providence, R.I., 4, 6n, 521, 522n

Providence Gazette, 522n

Providence Journal, and Town and Country Advertiser, 521, 522n

prunes, 12

Prussia

U.S. treaty of amity and commerce with, 111n, 126, 244, 245-6n

and Holy Roman Empire, 297n

increasing influence of, 396

Pulis, Joseph

letter from cited, 755

pumps, 430-1, 435n, 610-11

Purdie, George, 137

Purviance, John H.

letter from, 444-5

carries dispatches from France, 173, 174n, 188, 194n

forwards books to TJ, 444-5, 463

identified, 445n

letter from cited, 445n, 753

carries letters from Short, 463

Purviance, Robert, 445n, 587n

Purviance, Samuel, 445n

Putnam, Rufus, 586, 587n, 738n

Puy de Dôme, France, 461-3, 465n

pyramids

model of, sent to TJ, 426

Qaramanli, Yusuf, Pasha and Bey of Tripoli

dey of Algiers writes to, 108, 109n

declares war on U.S., 188, 189n, 240, 638, 642

See also Tripoli

Quakers. See Friends, Society of

quarantines, 52n, 81n, 247, 624n

Quarrier, Alexander, 84n, 119n, 478, 496

Quarrier, Samuel

letter from, 119

seeks military appointment, 83, 84n, 195, 496

letters from cited, 84n, 752, 755

and rumor of TJ's poor health, 119

identified, 119n

imprisoned for debt, 478-9

Rachael (b. 1776, TJ's slave), 35

Ragusa. See Sicily

Rainbow (brig), 236-8

rainbows, 123

raisins, 12

Raleigh (Continental frigate), 654, 674, 675n

Rambouillet, France, 464, 465n

Randall, Paul Richard, 189n

Randolph, Anne Cary (Mrs. Thomas Mann Randolph, Sr.), 266n

Randolph, Anne Cary (TJ's granddaughter)

health of, vii, 589, 590, 677, 690-1, 735, 744

TJ's affection for, 415, 472, 678, 735

TJ sends gifts to, 471, 677

affection for TJ, 691

Randolph, Cornelia Jefferson (TJ's granddaughter)

health of, vii, 579, 589, 590, 677, 690-1, 735, 744

vaccinated, 34

TJ's affection for, 415, 472, 678, 735

affection for TJ, 691

Randolph, David Meade

letter from, 279-80

and census of 1800, 49

recommends J. Gregorie, 279-80

letter from cited, 280n, 749

letter to cited, 280n, 753

Randolph, Edmund

as attorney general, 160n, 614

as reference, 214

letters from cited, 214n, 753, 755

and Short's salary, 380, 383n, 463

letters to cited, 753, 755, 756

Randolph, Ellen Wayles, II (TJ's granddaughter)

letter to, 734-5

letter from, 589

asks TJ for books, vii, 589, 677, 734-5

health of, vii, 579, 590, 677, 690-1, 734, 735, 744

vaccinated, 34

TJ's affection for, 415, 472, 678, 735

TJ sends gifts to, 471

identified, 589n

affection for TJ, 691

Randolph, Jane Cary, 508n

Randolph, John (of Roanoke), 218n

Randolph, Martha Jefferson (Patsy, Mrs. Thomas Mann Randolph, TJ's daughter)

letters to, 471-2, 735

letters from, 590, 690-1

invited to Monticello, vii

in-laws of, 266n

TJ's affection for, 415, 472, 511, 678

Poplar Forest lands given to, 415n

invited to Washington, 471

TJ wishes to spend more time with, 471-2

returns to Edgehill, 579

and family's health, 590, 690-1, 735

health of, 690-1

letter from cited, 755

Randolph, Thomas Eston, 507-8, 580

Randolph, Thomas Jefferson (TJ's grandson)

TJ's affection for, 415, 472, 678, 735

health of, 590, 677, 690-1, 735, 744

affection for TJ, 690

Randolph, Thomas Mann (TJ's son-in-law)

letters to, 414-15, 677-8

letter from, 744-5

and D. Ross, 94, 339

and smallpox vaccinations, 278, 495, 572

cares for TJ's affairs at Monticello, Shadwell, 319, 346n, 507, 524, 745

indebted to G. Jefferson, 414

TJ gives Poplar Forest land to, 414-15, 419, 659, 677-8

and family's plan to visit Washington, 471

TJ's affection for, 472, 511, 735

family of, 508n

letters from cited, 590n, 678n, 755, 756

wheat harvest of, 659

health of, 690

and family's health, 744-5

Randolph, Thomas Mann, Sr., 266n

Randolph, Virginia (sister of Thomas Mann Randolph), 265, 266n

Randolph, Virginia Jefferson (TJ's granddaughter)

birth of, vii, 266n

health of, vii, 579, 589, 590, 677, 690-1, 735, 744

TJ's affection for, 415, 472, 678, 735

Randolph, William (TJ's uncle), 508n

Ranger (brig), 302n

Rapin, Joseph

letters to, 89-90, 436-7

letter from, 66-7

leaves TJ's service, viii, 7, 11, 24-5, 31, 50, 66-7, 83, 89-90, 96, 225, 436-7

TJ's account with, 67n, 90, 282, 283n, 418, 436-7

steward of the President's House, 95

and President's House accounts, 128, 178, 757

Rapine, Conrad & Co. (Washington, D.C.)

letter from, 489

seeks book subscription from TJ, 489

identified, 489n

Rapine, Daniel, 489n

Rathbone, John, 274n

Raynal, Guillaume Thomas François, Abbé de, 105n

Read, George, Jr., 428, 693n

Read, Jacob, 46n

Read, James, 467-9, 622, 653n, 655, 656n

Read, John K., 81-2n

Red River, 554, 558

Reeve, Tapping, 598

Reily, John, 392n

religion

involvement of clergy in politics, 33, 147, 338, 497, 521

in New England, 78

religious publications, 152n

clergy encourage smallpox vaccinations, 199

clergy considered an unproductive profession, 246

benefits of, to society, 335n

separation of church and state, 388n, 407-9

deism, 429n

salaries for ministers, 516

atheism, 520n

as means to promote civilization, 556-7

See also Jefferson, Thomas: Religion

Remembrancer, or Impartial Repository of Public Events (John Almon), 482-4

Remsen, Henry

letter from, 143-4

recommends M. L. Davis, 143-4

Reports of Adjudged Cases in the Court of Common Pleas (Sir John Willes), 489

Republican Gazette (Concord, N.H.), 37n

republicanism

considered speculative and theoretical, 9

Federalists oppose, threaten, 43, 64, 236, 438

return of government to principles of, 55, 385, 399

Federalists and Republicans both republicans, 85

in Europe, 236, 295-6, 535-7, 540-1

France not ready for, 378, 535-7

strength of, as form of government, 708-9

Republicans

expect appointments, ix, 4-5, 6n, 13-14n, 43, 55, 57n, 64, 100-1, 139, 146, 234, 237, 238, 272-4, 318-19, 331-3, 381-2, 481n

former Federalists return to, ix, 33, 45, 64, 70, 74-5, 85, 145, 381

in New England, 4

in R.I., 4, 6n, 78, 324

entitled to fair share of offices, 4-5, 55, 70, 85, 145, 146, 317, 381, 618-19

in S.C., 13-14n, 100, 101-2n, 118, 145, 147, 201-2, 257

in Philadelphia, 23n, 57n, 100-1, 102n, 457-8

in Conn., 33, 169, 338-9, 476n, 484-6, 505-6, 515, 519-20, 597-9, 675n

accused of atheism, deism, 33n, 338, 520n

in N.H., 37n, 498, 601, 652-4

printers, newspapers, 37n, 265, 306, 392n, 480, 521-2, 598, 703

seek to sweep Federalists from office, 42-3, 85, 272

called anarchists, disorganizers, 43, 655n

in Mass., 54, 56n, 146-7, 305-6, 498, 516

urge moderation in removals, 55, 85, 202, 272-3, 288n, 319-20, 381

in Del., 64, 69-70, 147, 427-9

divisions among, 64, 85, 100, 101-2n, 118, 146, 184, 285-7, 427, 607, 639, 640

in Pa., 64, 184, 285, 286, 424

encourage arts and manufactures, economy in government, 70

in Ky., 74-5

in Vt., 78, 147, 506, 684-6

in N.Y., 100-1, 143n, 272-5, 285-7, 323-4, 331-3, 607

feel unappreciated by TJ, 102n

few merchants among, 102n

in Va., 112, 120n, 145, 256, 317, 347-8, 355n

in Ga., 145, 288n, 324

in Md., 145, 147, 223, 269, 286, 303

in N.C., 145, 389-90

and politics of removals, 145, 228-9n, 263n, 320n, 381

gain control of Congress, 147, 269, 303, 324, 501

reappointed by TJ, 158, 263n

in Me., 195

in N.J., 226, 365, 590-1

in New York City, 235n, 236-7, 238, 272-5, 284n

artisans as, 256

and election of 1804, 286

lack confidence in Burr, 286-7

in Boston, 299

in Norfolk, 355n

artists as, 388n

in Tenn., 402

subordinates threatened, removed by Federalist superiors, 439, 440n, 630n, 654n, 700-1, 703

in Ohio, 456, 473-4, 477-8

in Richmond, 496

in Miss. Terr., 553

and naturalization laws, 639

threatened with economic reprisals by Federalists, 653n

and France, 654n

in Baltimore, 664

revenue cutters, 488n, 596, 653n, 654, 675-6

rewards

for murderers, 747

Reynolds, Charles, 383n

Reynolds, James, 440n

Reynolds, Michael, 218n

Reynolds, Sir Joshua, 293, 294n

Reynolds family (Albemarle Co., Va.), 581n

Rhine River, 535, 539n, 706-7

Rhode Island

Quakers in, 4

U.S. attorney for, 4, 5n, 80, 82n

courts, 5n

U.S. district court, 5n, 80

reputation as healthy, 14

legislature, 78, 595n

Portsmouth, 595n

circuit court cases in, 658

bankruptcy laws in, 689n

See also Newport, R.I.; Providence, R.I.; Republicans

Rhode Island, College of (Brown University), 409n

Rhode-Island Republican (Newport), 5n, 6n

Rhodes, William, 706n

Rhodes Hotel (Washington, D.C.), 706n

rice, 15n, 527, 535

Richards, John, 11, 12, 31, 95, 225

Richards, John (Pa. legislator)

letter from cited, 416n, 751

recommends B. Rittenhouse, 416n

Richardson, Jacob, 156-7

Richardson, Jacob, Jr., 156-7

Richie, Robert, 312-13

Richmond, Va.

artists, 9

coachmakers, 84n, 496

militia, 84n, 496

smallpox vaccination, 174, 278, 279n, 311, 339, 340n

coal dealers, 232, 375

newspapers, 233

U.S. circuit court at, 302n

postmaster, 357n

financial markets in, 400, 412

price of tobacco at, 406, 710

collector at, 412

merchants, 412

Republicans in, 496

Virginia Manufactory of Arms, 663

Rind, William A., 282n

Rio Grande River, 561n

Riom, France, 462

Rittenhouse, Benjamin

letter from, 415-16

seeks appointment, 415-16

Rivanna River, xlvii, 581n

roads

poor condition of, 36

through Indian territory, 76-7, 308n, 518n

turnpikes, 115-16, 155

cost of constructing, 116, 131, 155, 167-8, 209, 372

gravel, 176

new, 496, 523, 581-2

private, 569, 581

Robbins, Ephraim

letter from, 407-9

supports religious liberty, 407-9

Roberts, Henry

letter from, 335-6

seeks admission to the bar, 335-6

Roberts, Michael, 283n

Roberts & Jones (Philadelphia)

TJ's account with, 226n, 283, 329, 676n

letter to cited, 753

letters from cited, 754, 755

Robertson, Mr., 659

Robertson, James (Tenn.), 403, 404n

Robeson (Robinson), Thomas, 390, 468-9

Robespierre, Maximilien François Marie Isidore de, 351

Robins, Ezekiel, 274-5n

Robinson, Anthony

and TJ's account with D. Ross, 94, 339-40, 375, 467, 470, 757

Robinson, Benjamin, 684, 685n

Robinson, David, 685

Robinson, Moses

letter from, 684-6

sends news of Vt. politics, 684-6

Rochambeau, Donatien Marie Joseph de Vimeur, Vicomte de, 535, 539n

Rochambeau, Jean Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, Comte de, 539n

rockfish, 542

Rodgers, John

carries dispatches from Europe, 186, 187n, 188, 211

delivers box of books for TJ, 406, 426

not retained in the navy, 488

Rodney, Caesar A.

letter from, 69-70

and R. Maxwell, 30

opposes appointment of Joel Lewis, 32-3, 69

sends news of Del. politics, 69-70

Rogers, Mr. (Albemarle Co.), 373

Rogers, Hezekiah, 703, 706n

Rogers, John H., 498

Rogers, Nathaniel, 601, 655

Rogers, Richard

calls for removal of, 62, 100, 101, 234, 236-7, 238, 272-4, 316, 323, 332, 481n, 609

summary of service, 333n

Romaye, Mr., 335

Romulus (French frigate), 125, 126n

Roosevelt, Nicholas J., 560n

Rose, Henry

letters to, 495-6, 568-9

letters from, 472, 523, 581-2

requests information on smallpox vaccination, 472, 495-6, 523

and layout of new road, 496, 523, 569, 581-2

TJ sends list of stages and distances, 568-9

Rose, Robert H., 79, 80

Rose, Samuel

letter from, 365-6

calls to remove W. Watson, 365-6

roses, 6n

Ross, David

arbitration with TJ, 93-4, 174, 339-40, 375, 405, 453, 466-7, 470, 487, 676

letter from cited, 754

Rotch, Francis, 189n

Rousseau, Jean Jacques, 346n, 482-4, 542

Rousselet, Nicholas, 705n

rowboats, 693

Rowe, John

seeks pardon, 215-16

letters from cited, 216n, 753

Royal Academy of Arts (London), 293, 294n

Royal Order of Carlos III, xlv

Royal Society of London, 124n, 699

Royce, Stephen, 409n

rum, 335n, 674

Rural Œconomy (Arthur Young), 605n

Rural Socrates; or an Account of a Celebrated Philosophical Farmer, Lately Living in Switzerland, and Known by the Name of Kliyogg (Hans Caspar Hirzel), 605

Rush, Benjamin

letter from, 736

director of Bank of the U.S., 42

recommends aspirants for office, 253n

treasurer of the Mint, 375n, 597n

and smallpox vaccination, 698, 710, 736

Six Introductory Lectures, 736

Russell, David (1758-1843, son), 36-7

Russell, David (b. ca. 1731, father), 36-7

Russell, Elijah

letter from, 36-7

seeks to have brother continued in office, 36-7

identified, 37n

Russia, 32n, 396, 398n

Rutgers, Henry, 274n, 275n

Rutherford, William, 46n

Rutledge, John, Jr., 6n, 157

saddles, 556

sainfoin, 326

St. Bernard Bay, 555, 561n

St. Clair, Arthur, 230n, 443-4

Saint-Domingue, W.I.

removal of condemned slaves to, x, 720

commercial agents at, 125, 126n, 253n, 312-13, 322, 401, 402n

U.S. relations with, 125, 126n

constitution of, 126n, 527

French prisoners sent to, 259n

coffee from, 312

sugar from, 312

seat of government relocated, 322-3

trade with, 345n

French expeditionary force to, 395-6, 398n, 527-8, 535, 539n

yellow fever at, 539n

See also Toussaint-Louverture

St. Francis River, 554

St. Marks, Fort, 106

St. Mary's Seminary, 203n

St. Petersburg, Russia, 154

St. Vincent, Ill., 77

Salamanca, Spain, xlv

Sally (b. 1792, TJ's slave), 35

Sally (schooner)

suspected of engaging in slave trade, x, 711, 738-9, 740, 741-3

Salonica, 341

saltpeter, 74

Sands, Joshua, 100, 135n, 159n

Sandy (b. 1789, Eppes slave), 34

San Ildefonso, Treaty of (1800), 695n

Sans Pareille (French privateer), 82n

Santa Escolastica (Spanish armed vessel), 110, 111n, 125

Saratoga, battle of, 26n

Sardinia, 714, 715n

Sargent, Paul Dudley, 227, 229n, 230n, 726n

Sargent, Winthrop

Political Intolerance, 501-2, 733

and assault on Fero, 552

appointments by, 553

as governor of Miss. Terr., 733

Papers, 733n

sashes, 754

Savage, Mr., 665

Savage, Edward, 115

Savage, George, 665n

Savage, Nathaniel L., 665n

Savannah, Ga.

collector at, 53, 54, 56n, 85, 108, 133, 159, 226, 229n, 287-8, 314, 374, 693

merchants, 368n

postal service, 559

revenue cutter at, 596n

Sayre, Stephen

letter from, 416-17

seeks appointment, 416-17, 591n

recommended by Bloomfield, 591

Scales, William

letter from cited, 749

scalping, 556

Scammell (revenue cutter), 654

Scannell, Edmund, 759

Schlegel, Johan Frederik Wilhelm

Neutral Rights, 81, 82n

Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr., xi-xii

Schneider, Jacob, 703

Schroeder, Charles, 24-5

Schuylkill Arsenal, 636n

Schuylkill River, 611n

Scilla. See Gillette, Priscilla (b. 1794, Scilla, TJ's slave)

Scotland, 82, 219n, 452, 453n

Scott, Gustavus, 97-8, 113n, 349n

Scott, Joseph T.

letter to, 267

New and Universal Gazetteer, 267

and A. Campbell, 440n

Scott, William (U.S. Army), 557, 561n

sculpture

sent to TJ, 292-5, 741

displayed at the Louvre, 538, 539n

seamen, 56n, 335n, 357-8

Second Congregational Church (Marblehead), 516, 517n

Sedition Act (1798)

compensation for victims of, xi, 635, 639-40

criticism of, 26n, 59

persecutions, prosecutions under, 125, 136n, 148, 613

TJ pardons, halts prosecutions under, 480-1, 543-4, 607, 616-17, 647-8, 650, 652, 653-4n, 655-7

seeds, 351-2, 707

Selden, Mr., 453

Seneca Indians

annuity for, 695-8

serpentine (mineral), 716-17

servants

wages, 7, 66-7, 178, 266, 394-5, 421, 422, 437n, 758

clothing for, 66-7, 394, 421n, 422, 437n, 758

free blacks as, 266

drink allowance for, 421n

racism among, 421n

See also cooks; stewards

Sète (Cette), France, 299n

Seton, Mr. (Nassau), 546-7

Settle (Bache estate), 23n

"Seven Friends" (David Fergusson)

suggests taxes, 51-2, 335n

Sevier, John, 19, 402, 403-4n

Seymour, Ledyard

letter from, 546-8

reports on captured American vessels in W. Indies, 546-8

identified, 548n

Seymour, Moses, 598-9n

Shadwell (TJ's estate)

road through, 36

mill at, 343n

taxes on, 350n

lease of fields at, 455, 507-8, 580

Shakespeare, William

Hamlet, 198, 200n

Henry V, 548

Shawangunk, N.Y., 107n, 435-6n

Sheaff, Henry

sells wine to TJ, 226n, 329, 756

letters to cited, 753, 756

letters from cited, 754, 756

Shee, John, 102n, 440n, 609, 704n

sheep, 105n, 463-4, 465n

sheeting, 270

Sheffield, Mr., 362

Sheffield, Enoch, 302

Sheild, Samuel

letter to, 119-20

letter from, 185-6

advises on appointments, 112, 119-20, 185-6

identified, 120n

Shepherd (b. 1782, TJ's slave), 34

Sherman (Shermon), John (Conn. paymaster), 456

Shiflett (Shifflit), Joel, 744n

shipbuilding, 192, 194n, 728-31

shipwrecks, 60n, 543

shoes, 587n

Shore, Dr. John

letter to, 277-8

letter from, 318

TJ sends smallpox vaccine to, 277-8, 312n, 318

identified, 278n

sells horses to TJ, 278n

Short, Peyton

letter from, 7-8

and brother's business affairs, 7-8, 189n, 383, 463, 465n

Short, William

letter to, 380-3

letter from, 461-5

and brother, 7-8, 189n, 383, 463, 465n

business affairs, 50-1n, 128, 171, 350n, 380-1, 463-4

service in Spain, 72, 73n

canal shares of, 128, 137

Wagner forwards packet from, 188, 189n

recommends Osmont, 368n

TJ's opinion of, 377-8

salary due to, 380-1, 383n, 463

settlement of accounts with U.S., 380-1, 463

TJ sends news of politics and personal affairs, 380-3

seeks appointment, 381

Va. lands, 383n

sends books to TJ, 444-5

recounts visit to Auvergne, 461-5

plans return to U.S., 464, 465n

sibyls, 575-6

Sicily

vessel from Ragusa, 149n, 162-3

consul at, 494n

Sidonius Apollinaris, Caïus Sollius, 462, 465n

Sierra Leone, 556

silver

assaying and coining of, 15-16

plate, 153, 367, 492, 544-5

coins, 682

silversmiths, 15-16

Simmonds, William, 601

Simonds, Jonas, 102n

Simons, James

delinquent accounts of, 53-4

replacement as collector sought, 53-4, 85, 713-14

sends pamphlets to TJ, 86n

and "Americanus" letter, 227, 229-30n

business partners, 453n

Simpson, George, 134n, 597

Sims, Joseph, 46n

Sitgreaves, John, 460

Six Introductory Lectures, to Courses of Lectures, upon the Institutes and Practice of Medicine (Benjamin Rush), 736

Skelton, Bathurst, 320-1, 446n, 726-7

Skelton, James, 446

Skelton, Meriwether, 320-1, 445-6, 726

Skinner, John, 459, 460n

Skipwith, Fulwar

letter from, 526-8

letter to cited, 377n, 750

TJ recommends A. Tubeuf to, 377n

restored as commercial agent, 382

proposes establishment of exchange at Paris, 526, 528n

recommends Barnet and Waldo, sends news from France, 526-8

and Louisiana, 535

Slate Run Church (Va.), 568, 581

slavery

French policy toward, 528, 669-70

abolition of, 669-70

slaves

and smallpox vaccination, vii, 34-5, 47, 89, 91, 118-19, 120-1, 166, 170, 174, 178, 213, 278, 472, 490, 495, 572-3

removal of condemned, from Va., ix-x, 683, 712, 718-22

enumeration of, 19, 255

mulattoes, 346n, 557-8, 721n

as part of estates, 378

disputed ownership of, 473n

demand for, 518

ongoing threat of insurrection by, 518, 668-9, 718-22

profitability of, 518

manumission of, 528, 543n, 721n

population growth among, 533n

as cooks, 542-3n

prisoners sold as, 556, 663

free blacks, 557-8, 721n

health of, 660

Gabriel's insurrection, 719, 721n

slave trade, x, 561n, 738-9, 740, 741-3

Small, William, 533n

smallpox

TJ's vaccination experiments, vii, xlix, 34-5, 47, 89, 118-19, 120-1, 166, 170, 174, 178, 198, 213, 278, 318, 490, 495-6, 523, 572-3, 698, 710, 722-3

methods of vaccination, xlix, 35n, 166, 231, 278, 279n, 289-90, 321, 370, 495, 572-3, 604-5, 680, 698

origins of kinepox, xlix, 199-200, 430

portrait of cowpox on a hand, xlix, 382 (illus.)

preparation and transportation of vaccine matter, 8, 47, 89, 121n, 170, 174, 198, 213, 230-1, 277-8, 278-9, 321, 339, 490, 523, 604-5, 680

laws regarding inoculation, 47

growing popularity of vaccination, 198-9, 278, 279, 311-12, 318, 321, 339, 369, 472, 490, 523, 604-5, 685n, 698, 710, 736

clergy encourage vaccination, 199

in British navy, 231

publications on, 312

fraudulent, speculative use of vaccination, 369, 680-1

vaccination of children, 605

Smith, Mr. (John Monroe's son-in-law), 727

Smith, Abigail Adams (Mrs. William Stephens Smith), 237n

Smith, Adam, xlv, 346n

Smith, Benjamin, 390

Smith, Charles, 164, 165n

Smith, Christopher

letter to cited, 754

Smith, Isaac, 469n, 653n, 665, 674

Smith, James, 392n

Smith, Jeremiah, 655n

Smith, John (Pa.), 440n, 711n

Smith, Jonathan, 705n

Smith, Joseph Allen, 162

Smith, Margaret Smith (Mrs. Robert Smith), 270

Smith, Nathaniel, 73

Smith, Robert

letters to, 90-1, 172-3, 217-18, 268, 324-5

letters from, 37-9, 104, 186-8, 211-12, 269, 358, 417-18, 422-3, 512-13, 638-41, 661

return to Washington delayed, viii, 219, 270, 288, 330

advises on annual message to Congress, xi, 614-17, 622, 638-41

appointed secretary of the navy, 22

forwards warrants drawn on Treasury, 31, 32n, 104, 218n

letters from cited, 32n, 218n, 325n, 422-3n, 513n, 749, 750

and French prizes in U.S. ports, 37-9, 90-1

and Létombe's departure, 61

as acting secretary of war, 90, 104, 215n

and Marine barracks, 168, 172-3, 209, 211, 217, 417-18, 512

and ratification of Convention of 1800, 186-8, 211-12, 217, 268

instructions for the Boston, 187-8, 211, 217-18, 268, 316

construction of naval magazine, 217-18

forwards commissions, 218n, 324, 325n, 422-3n

death of son, 219, 269, 270, 316, 325, 723

and French prisoners in U.S., 259, 268

and Barraud, 268, 358

reports on Maryland elections, 269, 324

and R. R. Livingston's travel party, 291, 292n

and Mediterranean squadron, 422-3

books directed to, 445

as reference, 469n

attends cabinet meetings, 488-9, 609

and resignation of J. Church, 512-13

method of communication with the president, 576-8

TJ praises, 577

TJ's notes on conversation with, 599n, 612, 668

forwards statements on navy expenditures, 641n

dismissal of McNeill, 661

advises on navy arrangements, 668

Smith, Robert (Pa.), 46n

Smith, Samuel (Md.)

letters to, 350-1, 426, 496

letters from, 22-3, 173-4, 219, 303, 406-7, 478-9, 663-4, 665, 723

and Yznardi's appointment, 22-3, 39-40

acting secretary of the navy, 168n, 173, 241n

forwards Joshua Barney's letter, 173-4, 265

and ratification of Convention of 1800, 173-4

and death of R. Smith's son, 219, 273

reports arrival of Mediterranean squadron, 219, 303

recommends aspirants for office, 303, 426, 445n, 665, 674

TJ recommends Glendy to, 350-1, 406, 426

and blockade of Gibraltar, 406-7

receives books for TJ, 406-7, 723

as reference, 469n

and S. Quarrier, 478-9, 496

advises on military affairs, appointments, 663-4

offers services to TJ's administration, 723

Smith, Samuel Harrison

letters to, 269-70, 508

letters from, 212-13, 387, 714-15

and J. Blair, 150-1

recommends T. P. Smith, 212-13, 269-70

advises on appointments, 226

forwards letter to TJ, 387

and W. Barton's letter, 423, 508

reprints Jenner's pamphlet on vaccination, 430

receives printing contracts, 570n

reports on preliminary peace treaty, 714-15

See also National Intelligencer (Washington)

Smith, Samuel Stanhope, 497, 499n

Smith, Thomas Peters, 212-13, 269

Smith, William (1727-1803), 164, 165n

Smith, William Loughton

forwards dispatches from the Mediterranean, 109n

recall of, as minister to Portugal, 159n, 507n, 519

secretary to, 175n

as congressman, 257

Smith, William Stephens

letter from, 235-8

seeks appointment, 235-8

Smith & Buchanan, 229n, 307

smuggling

in Mass., 222

in Va., 226, 317, 347

in Ga., 367

in Md., 711

Smyrna, 341, 406

Sneed, John, 375, 380n, 757

Snelson, Robert, 362

Snyder, Adam, 24n

soap, 134n

Society for the Improvement of Naval Architecture, 698-9, 722

Söderström, Richard, 148, 149n

sofas, 152-3, 204

Somerset House, 293, 294n

Songster's Tavern (Va.), 568

Sons of Liberty, 654n

Sophia (brig), 453, 454n

South America, 435, 436n, 717n, 720, 721n

South Carolina

appointments and removals in, 12-14, 31-2, 53-4, 85, 100, 101-2n, 117, 145, 201-2, 319-20

elections in, 32, 100, 101-2n, 118, 147, 201-2

attorneys, 42n

commissioners of Direct Tax, 54

migrants to Ky. from, 75

banks, 101n

and camels, 105n

Beaufort collectorship, 109n

French commercial agent at, 114-15

supervisor for, 201-2

lighthouses, 202n

and American Revolution, 257-8

Chester District, 262n

legislature, 262n, 531n

census, 288n

Spanish agent in, 453n

galleys in, 488n

and Whitney's cotton gin patent, 514n, 663

Camden, 531n

medical societies, 531n

Ninety Six District, 531n

physicians, 531n

circuit court cases in, 658

See also Charleston, S.C.; Federalists; Republicans

South Carolina Medical Society, 531n

South-Carolina State Gazette, and Timothy's Daily Advertiser (Charleston), 229n, 519, 520n

southern states

demand few removals, 145, 618

prejudice against, 267

New England subordinated to, 522n

perceived as hostile to navigation and commerce, 652

Southwest Point, Tenn., 78n, 196n, 308n, 325n

Spain

and Irujo's recall, xlv

U.S. relations with, xlv, 17-18, 72, 73n, 106-7, 392-3, 488, 550, 670n

cedes Louisiana to France, 18, 340, 396, 507, 527, 535, 695n

trade with U.S., 18

consul at Baltimore, 40

immigrants to Spanish territories, 75

sheep from, 105n, 463-4

and Florida, 106-7, 559-60n

naval prizes in U.S. ports, 110, 111n, 125, 132-3, 134n, 154, 158, 159n

prisoners of war, 110, 125

secretary of U.S. legation, 189, 190n

declares blockade of Gibraltar, 406, 407n, 425, 488, 507, 545, 593-5, 660-1

and C. W. Peale's petition to collect specimens, 435, 436n

agent in S.C., 453n

agriculture, 462

Valencia, 462

Catholics in, 494

privateers, 494n

and New Orleans, 550

and Nuevo León, 553-4, 561n

horses imported by, 555

and Indian relations, 555

missionaries, 556

possessions in the Americas, 670n, 719

relations with France, 695n

and preliminary peace, 714

removal of condemned slaves to territories of, 719

See also Algeciras, Spain; Cadiz, Spain

Spanish language, xlv, 197, 328

Sparks, Mr., 726

Spectator (London), 562n

Spence, John, 318

Spooner, Alden, 265n

Sprigg, Osborn, 228n

springs, 727-8

Sproat, Ebenezer, 169, 216

stagecoaches, 52n, 486n

Stamp Act (1797), 104n, 602, 604n, 633, 643

Stanton, Joseph, Jr., 4, 5n

Stanwix, Fort, 76, 78n

Stark, Theodore, 148, 149n, 162

stars, 549n

State, U.S. Department of

passports, 13, 14n, 31

warrants drawn on Treasury by, 31

consular appointments, 57-60, 65-6n, 71, 82-3, 101, 107, 125, 148, 157, 247-53, 259, 277, 279-80, 298-9, 312-13, 322, 327, 341-2, 371, 388n, 493-5, 498, 500, 526-7, 528n, 585, 705n, 754

contracts sought from, 79, 80n, 265, 570n

publication of laws in German, 79, 80n

letters of credence, 125, 217n, 258, 266, 270-1

secretaries of legation, 144n, 189, 190n, 237n

and exequaturs, 148, 162, 163n, 258

and abuses by British admiralty courts, 163

and Dutch loan, 276-7

clerks, 311n, 378, 379n, 445n

compensation of consuls, 327, 401, 633

uses ciphers, 340n

reduction of diplomatic establishment, 382, 519, 633, 644

and blockade of Gibraltar, 406

revised system for making expenditures, 629, 630n

expenses of, 633, 738n

accountant of, 636

oaths required by, 700

See also Madison, James; United States: Foreign Relations; Wagner, Jacob

Staunton, Va., 49

staves, 277n

steamboats, 560n

Steele, John (comptroller of Treasury)

and A. W. White's resignation, 107

forwards letters from Simons, 227, 229n

and Richard Harrison's appointment offer, 405n

and Wilmington collectorship, 468, 496-7

and dismissal of James Read, 469n

and Bank of Columbia, 545-6n

and S. R. Gerry's accounts, 587n

and request for rowboat, 693

and Seneca annuity, 696-7

and conduct of Latimer and Jordan, 726

and the Sally, 739, 743n

Steele, Richard, 562n

steelyards, 679

Sterett, Andrew

defeats Tripolitan corsair, 588-9, 642-3, 663

arrives at Baltimore, 589n, 688, 690

Stevens, Daniel, 201-2

Stevens, Ebenezer, 13, 14n, 238

Stevensburg, Va., 568

stewards

TJ seeks to hire, 7, 24-5, 89-90

wages for, 7, 66-7

TJ's former, 524

See also Lemaire, Étienne; Rapin, Joseph

Stewart, James H., 392n

Stewart, Mary, 676n

Stewart, William (blacksmith)

asks for money, 676

returns to Monticello, 691

letter from cited, 755

Stewart's Kentucky Herald (Lexington), 392n

Stillman, Amos

musket contract of, 116-17, 254-5

letters from cited, 117n, 752, 754

Stillman, Ethan

letters from cited, 117n, 752, 754

musket contract of, 117n, 254-5

stills, 41, 261-2

stockings, 587n

Stoddert, Benjamin

letter to, 175-6

letter from, 113

and Bank of Columbia, 46n, 190-1, 400n

sale of D.C. lots, 97-9, 113, 130, 175-6, 191n, 373

and Warren mission to Veracruz, 534n

Stoddert, Fort, 557, 561n

Stone, David, 376, 460

Stone, John H., 82

Stony Point, N.Y., 456

Story, Bradstreet, 516

Story, Isaac

letter from, 515-17

seeks appointment, sends writings, 515-17

"Metempsychosis doctrine," 516-17

identified, 517n

Story, Isaac, Jr., 516, 517n

Story, Joseph, 517n

Story, Rebecca Bradstreet (Mrs. Isaac Story), 516, 517n

Strasbourg, France, 351

Strong, Caleb, 111n

Stuart, Alexander, 356

Stuart (Stewart), Archibald

letter to, 27-8

advises on appointments, 27-8

letter from cited, 27-8n, 749

TJ sends vaccine matter to, 174, 278, 339

visits Monticello, 745

Stuart (Stewart), Mrs. Archibald, 745

Stuart, Gilbert

portraits of the Irujos, xlv-xlvi

portrait of TJ, 225, 226n, 282-3, 329, 418

Stuart, William

letter from, 508-9

seeks appointment, 508-9

submarines, 509-10

Suckey (b. 1796; TJ's slave), 35

Suddarth, Martha, 510, 511n

Suddarth, William, 511n

sugar

ordered by TJ, 83, 87, 118, 128

from Guadeloupe, 134n

from Saint-Domingue, 312

tax on, 602, 604n, 632

captured, 674-5

suicide, viii, 542-3, 569-70

Sullivan, James

letter from, 686-7

and cowpox, 199

recommends W. R. Lee, 686-7

Sully, Lawrence, 9

Sully, Thomas, 9n

Summary Journal of Letters

description of, xlv, 382 (illus.)

Sumter, Nathalie Delage de Volude, 292n

Sumter, Thomas, Jr., 271n, 292, 378, 570n

Sumter, Thomas, Sr., 32, 101n, 378, 511n

Sur Bonaparte, Premier Consul de la République Française (Jean Chas), 203

Surinam, 395

surveying, 715-17

Susquehanna River, 224-5

Swan, John, 336

Swartwout, John, 273-4n, 275n

Sweden

prisoners of war, 39n, 111n, 125

U.S. relations with, 149n

U.S. treaty of amity and commerce with, 244, 245n

raising of sheep in, 464

Sweeny, Doyle, 440n, 630n, 706n

Swiftsure (British ship-of-war), 192, 194n

Switzerland, 199, 672, 715

Syme, John

letter to, 399

letter from, 318-19

offers political advice, horses to TJ, 318-19, 399

identified, 319n

Symmes, John Cleves, 391-2

Synonymes Français (Denis Diderot, Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, and Louis de Jaucourt), 203

Syria, 105n

syrup of punch, 11, 12n, 118, 137n, 225

Takinowtha (Captain Allen; Delaware chief), 599

Talbot v. Seeman, 46n

Taliaferro, Benjamin, 53, 73n, 85, 133, 226

Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de (Bishop of Autun), 271n, 297n, 398n, 609n, 729, 730

Tallmadge, Benjamin, 598-9

Tammany Society of New York City, 238n

Tarquin the Proud (Lucius Tarquinius Superbus), 576

Tatom, Absalom, 467, 468n

Tattnall, Josiah, Jr.

letter from, 144

recommends E. Clark, Jr., 144

identified, 144n

taxes

federal excise, 41, 108, 184n, 261-2, 602, 604n, 623, 643, 655n

nonpayment of, 41-2

Fergusson's list of, 51-2, 335n

on aliens, 52n

on auctions, 602, 604n, 643

on carriages, 602, 604n, 643

collected in 1800, 602, 623

on sugar, 602, 604n, 632, 643

duties and imposts, 623, 626-7, 631-3, 644, 693

estimate for 1802, 623

repeal of, 623, 627-8, 632, 633, 639, 643-4, 693

See also Direct Tax (1798); Stamp Act (1797)

Taylor, James, Jr. (Norfolk)

letter to, 165

letter from, 255

TJ orders wine from, 165, 225, 226n, 255, 283n, 317, 348, 568

advises on appointments, 665n, 674

Taylor, John M., 57n

telegraph, 122, 124n

Templeman, John, 97

Tennent, John, 52n

Tennessee

census in, 19, 531, 532n

elections in, 19, 402

slavery in, 19

Nashville, 76, 308n

and Indian affairs, 308n

legislature, 402, 404n

Republicans in, 402

and smallpox vaccination, 472, 523

circuit court cases in, 657, 658n

governors of, 662n

See also Southwest Point, Tenn.

Tennessee River, 75-7

Tensaw River, 554

tents, 435n

Ternant, Jean Baptiste, 7, 482, 483

Terrell, Lucy Carr (Mrs. Richard Terrell, TJ's niece), 446

Terrell, Richard (TJ's nephew-in-law), 446

Tessé, Adrienne Catherine de Noailles, Comtesse de (Madame de), 189n

Texas, 124n, 555, 561n

Texel, 239, 295

Thenia (b. 1793, TJ's slave), 34

Theological Magazine, or Synopsis of Modern Religious Sentiment, on a New Plan, 150, 152n

Thomas, Abishai

letter from, 446-7

forwards abstracts of Treasury warrants, 90-1, 104n, 324, 325n, 447n, 512n

letters from cited, 90-1n, 104n, 325n, 447n, 512n, 749, 750, 751

and Boston, 268n, 446-7

identified, 447n

and Marine barracks, 512n

accused of Federalist sympathies, 703

Thomas, Isaiah, 306n

Thompson, Claud, 367, 368n

Thompson, Thomas, 674, 675n

Thomson, John (N.Y.)

letter from, 67-8

sends Enquiry, receives thanks, 67-8

letter to cited, 67-8n

identified, 67n

Thomson, William, 759

Thornton, Edward

and naval prizes in U.S. ports, 37, 39n, 56, 57n, 79-80, 80-1, 86, 110-11, 132, 153-4, 410-11n, 420, 677

Thornton, William

as D.C. commissioner, 46n, 97-100, 131-2, 208-9, 349n, 371-3, 450

and D.C. lots, 97-9, 349n

seeks appointment, 307

letter from cited, 307n, 753

encloses estimate of commissioners' debts, 371-3

and Lettsom, 424, 425n

Thorp, Mr. (Albemarle Co.), 379, 380n, 413

Thrasybulus, 482-3

Thrimston. See Hern, Thrimston (b. 1799, TJ's slave)

Thruston. See Hern, Thruston (b. 1795, TJ's slave)

Thurber, Samuel, Jr.

letter from cited, 752

Tibbetts, Moses, 454n

Tichenor, Isaac, 684-6

Ticonderoga, Fort, 75

Tilden, Daniel

letter to, 517

letter from, 338-9

declares support for TJ, receives thanks, 338-9, 517

identified, 339n

Tilghman, Edward, 42

Tilghman, William, 42, 322

Tillier, Rodolphe

letter from cited, 754

Tilloch, Alexander, 716, 717n

Tillotson, Margaret Livingston, 289n

Tillotson, Thomas, 287, 289n

Tilton, Daniel, 376, 377n

Tilton, James, 693n

timber

Maine, 87

for Tunis, 148, 149n, 162

from Louisiana, 535

preservation of, 698-9

scarcity of, in Europe, 730

Timothy, Benjamin Franklin, 229n, 519, 520n

Tingey, Thomas

as bank director, 136n

advises on buildings for navy, 187n, 217, 417n

struck from captain's list, 488

and Marine Corps barracks, 512n

tinsmiths, 759

Tisdall, Thomas, 169

toasts, 703

tobacco

warehouses, 22n

shipment, sale of TJ's, 171, 232, 710

inspection of, 375, 470

prices, 375, 405-6, 453, 470, 487, 492, 676, 707, 710

quality of crop in Va., 405-6

withheld from market, 406

from Elk Hill, 453, 524

as currency, 466

quality of TJ's, 660, 710

grown in Germany, 707

as "impoverishing crop," 707

tomahawks, 556

Tompkins, Daniel, 284n

Tooke, Peter, 415

Tour through Sicily and Malta (Patrick Brydone), 123, 124n

Tousard, Anne Louis de, 3, 83, 89

Toussaint-Louverture

and removal of condemned slaves to Saint-Domingue, x, 720

offended by Lear's commission, 125, 126n

announces removal of seat of government, 313n, 322, 323n

impact of, on peace negotiations in Europe, 395

U.S. relations with, 398n

support for, from French press, 527

See also Saint-Domingue, W.I.

Tracy, Uriah, 598

Traité des arbres fruitiers (M. Duhamel du Monceau), xlix

Trajan (Roman emperor), 25

Traquair, James

letter from cited, 754

Travels of Four Years and a Half in the United States of America (John Davis), 179, 180n

Treasury, U.S. Department of the

appointment of customs collectors, 4, 6n, 13, 31, 43, 46n, 53-4, 56n, 57n, 85, 89, 92, 100-2, 108, 119-20, 133, 157, 159, 185-6, 195, 221-3, 226-7, 229n, 260n, 288, 289n, 317, 352, 364, 374, 389-90, 713-14, 726n, 755

and granting of passports, 13, 14n, 31

warrants drawn on, 13, 14n, 31, 54, 56n, 90-1, 100, 102n, 104, 117, 133, 135n, 169, 216, 218n, 227, 229n, 288, 329-30, 374-5n, 447n, 469n, 512n, 570-1n, 587-8n, 595-6, 597, 606, 636-7, 711n, 738n

fire in office of, 14n

General Stamp Office, 14n

comptroller, 15n, 388n, 445n, 477n, 570n, 629, 635, 636

inspectors of the revenue, 36-7, 55, 86, 356, 582-4, 644, 656n

delinquent accounts with, 53-4, 108, 109n, 133, 134-5n, 226, 374, 467, 469n, 587n

lax oversight of, under Federalists, 53-4

appointment of customs inspectors, 54, 57n, 86n, 108, 713-14

appointment of customs surveyors, 54, 84, 86n, 101-2, 102n, 107, 226

commissioners of the Direct Tax, 54

repayment of Dutch loan, 54, 227-8

clerks, 55, 86, 108, 133, 170n, 284-5, 288-9n, 388n, 437-40, 477n, 629, 681, 700-1, 703, 705n, 706n, 713

appointment of revenue supervisors, 56n, 102n, 169, 170n, 323-4, 356, 599n

appointment of naval officers, 57n, 100-2, 102n, 143n, 233-4, 234-5, 236-8, 272-5, 291-2, 323-4, 331-3, 481n, 583, 601

forbids arming of privateers in U.S., 57n

purveyor of public supplies, 57n

lighthouses, 91-2, 112n, 118n, 133, 135n, 159, 492, 624n, 738

auditor, 108, 133, 134-5n, 158, 172, 284-5, 364, 404-5, 437-40, 445n, 629, 630n, 681, 703, 705n

and naval prizes in U.S. ports, 111n, 133, 134n, 136n

relationship with Bank of the U.S., 135-6n, 191n, 602-4

and President's House accounts, 152

treasurer of the U.S., 169, 172, 209-10, 216, 223, 253-4, 281-2, 303, 307, 321, 330-1, 330n, 364, 374, 386, 404-5, 449, 530-1, 571-2, 606

circulars to collectors, 169-70, 216

appointment of receivers of public monies, 170n, 227

appointment of registers of land offices, 170n, 227, 229n

salaries and compensation, 170n, 185, 205, 227, 230n, 374n, 404-5, 467, 469n, 582-4, 693, 713-14

assistant secretary of the Treasury, 206

commissioner of the revenue, 206, 583, 630n

appointment of revenue inspectors, 227, 229n, 388n, 525n

fraudulent ship registers, 236-8

establishment of collection districts, 264

commissioners of loans, 283-4, 323-4, 332-3, 345, 570, 580, 628

reimbursements for moving expenses, 289n

reorganization of revenue districts and officers, 356

nonresidence of collectors, 367

register, 445n, 622-3, 629, 633, 705n

sureties required from officers, 449

revenue cutters, 488n, 596, 653n, 654, 675-6

expenses, 582-3, 622

weekly statements from collectors, 586, 595

refund of duties, 587n

accountants, 629, 636

revised system for making expenditures, 629, 630n, 636-7, 644-5

independent of executive control, 634

oaths required by, 700

duties of custom house employees, 713-14

letter from cited, 755

See also Gallatin, Albert; Steele, John (comptroller of Treasury); United States: Public Finance

Treatise on Dentistry, Explaining the Diseases of the Teeth and Gums (B. T. Longbothom), 718n

Tredwell, Samuel, 459, 460-1n

Trent, P., 339, 340n

Trieste, 219n

Trinidad, W.I., 395, 398n, 715

Tripoli

consul at, 66n, 163

war against U.S., 108-9, 163, 219n, 325, 593, 638, 642, 663, 664n

Danish consul general at, 189n

warships at Gibraltar, 219, 228, 277, 325, 389, 415, 630-1, 639, 642

corsair of, defeated by Enterprize, 588-9, 642-3, 663

See also Mediterranean Sea; Qaramanli, Yusuf, Pasha and Bey of Tripoli

Trist, Elizabeth House

letter to, 389

letters from, 82-3, 499-500

recommends D. Easton, 82-3, 500

TJ forwards letters to, from, 305, 389, 518

defends A. Fowler, 499-500

letter from cited, 756

Trist, Hore Browse, 518, 690, 735

"Tru Federalist" (pseudonym)

letter from, 256

seeks appointment, 256

Trumbull, Fort, 592n

Truxtun, Thomas, 422, 488, 489n, 631

Tubeuf, Alexandre, 344-5, 377

Tubeuf, François (Peter Francis), 344-5

Tubeuf, Marie Margueritte Brochet, 344

Tubeuf, Pierre François, 344-5, 377

Tucker, Benjamin

letters from cited, 753, 755

Tucker, Ebenezer, 365

Tucker, St. George

letter from, 219-21

recommends Barraud, 219-21, 268, 358

letter to cited, 221n, 750

Tucker, Thomas Tudor

letter to, 530-1

letter from, 571-2

offered, accepts appointment as treasurer of U.S., 530-1, 571-2, 596, 597, 606, 607

identified, 531n

letter from cited, 531n

Tudor, Delia Jarvis, 94

Tudor, William, 94

Tudor, William, Jr., 94

Tufton (TJ's estate), 745

Tufts, Turell, 371n

tumblers, 31, 95, 96n, 137n

Tunis

payments to, by U.S., 13, 14n, 31, 148, 162-3, 219, 240, 643, 664, 690, 705n

consul at, 66n, 109n, 240

U.S. chargé d'affaires at, 66n

timber and cattle for, 148, 149n, 162

prime minister, 149n

estimate of marine force of, 664

See also Hammuda Bey (of Tunis); Mediterranean Sea

Turkey, 105n, 239n, 395, 714

Turner, David

letter from, 678-9

congratulates TJ, sends agricultural observations, 678-9

identified, 679n

Turner, Samuel, Jr., 703, 706n

Turner, Thomas, 703, 706n

turnips, 707

turnpikes, 115-16, 155

Two Marys (ship), 237-8n

Tyler, John (Md.)

letter from, 383-4

examines TJ's servant for cataracts, 383-4

identified, 384n

Underwood, Robert, 726n

United Irishmen, Society of, 55, 93n, 440n

United States

Economy

import duties, 10-11, 623, 626-7, 632-3, 643, 693

imprisonment for debt, 95, 478-9, 560n

importation of plants and animals, 105n

shipbuilding, 192, 194n, 728-31

trade with Mediterranean, 341-2, 593-5, 630-1, 639, 642, 664

speculation in lands, 352n, 402n, 560n, 565, 568n

trade with New Orleans, 549-50

impact of peace on, 631-2, 641-2, 647, 707-8, 723, 734

counterfeiting, 681-2, 692

coasting trade, 711n

Foreign Relations

with Spain, xlv, 18, 72, 73n, 106-7, 132-3, 134n, 392-3, 488, 494, 593-5, 660, 670n

and West Indies, 10n

with Denmark, 13, 14n, 31, 148, 149n, 163n, 189n

instructions regarding American neutrality, 111n, 133, 134n, 136n, 621n

with Prussia, 111n, 126, 244, 245n, 246n

with Sweden, 149n, 244, 245n

with Portugal, 157, 159n, 244, 245-6n, 441, 507, 519

Logan Act, 162, 163n

and neutral rights, 241-6

with the Netherlands, 244, 245n

with Batavian Republic, 537

with Italy, 694

use of American vessels by foreign merchants, 728-31

See also Algiers; France: U.S. Relations with; Great Britain: U.S. Relations with; Tripoli; Tunis

Public Finance

Dutch loan, 14n, 54, 101n, 227-8, 229n, 276, 288n, 330n, 374-5n, 469n, 570-1n, 588n, 597n, 623, 731, 738n

eight percent stocks, 17, 128, 380-1, 672-3

six percent stocks, 17, 97-8, 128, 602, 672-3

collection of internal revenues, 264

TJ's notes on funded debt, 599n, 612, 672-3

revenues for 1800, 602, 604

sale of public lands, 623, 632, 645

discharge of funded debt, 623-4, 624-6, 627-9, 632

repeal of internal taxes, 623-4, 627-8, 632-3, 643-4, 693

revenue and expenditure estimates, 623-4, 626-7, 632-3, 645, 693

misappropriation of public funds, 644-5

five and one-half percent stocks, 672-3

five percent stocks, 672-3

four and one-half percent stocks, 672-3

three percent stocks, 672-3

Loan Office Certificates, 682

Public Opinion

lack of prejudice, 141

calls to reduce government salaries, 246-7

Society

population increase, xi, 382, 507, 531-3, 545, 627, 631, 643, 661, 719-20

an agricultural nation, 240, 652

considered stiff and reserved by French, 537

obsessed with trade, business, 550

longevity, 559

asylum for oppressed people, 620, 648-9

urban growth in, 631

United States (U.S. frigate), 668

United States Oracle of the Day (Portsmouth, N.H.), 522n

Universalists, 409n

upholsterers, viii, 66-7, 153

Utt, John, Sr., 481n

Valentin, Louis, 490, 491n

Van Staphorst, N. & J. & R., 666, 667, 668n

Van Staphorst & Hubbard, 667n

Vanuxem, James, 65

Vasse, Ambrose, 65

Vatican, 194n, 539n

Vaughan, Benjamin

letter from, 728-31

forwards copy of "Rural Socrates," 605

interest in naval architecture, 699n

sends pamphlet, thoughts on shipbuilding, 728-31

Vaughan, Dr. John

letter from, 427-9

sends news of Del. politics, 427-9

Vaughan, John (Philadelphia)

letters to, 572-3, 722-3

letters from, 490-1, 604-5, 698-9, 709-10

seeks, exchanges information on smallpox vaccine, 490-1, 572-3, 604-5, 698-9

sends copy of Rural Socrates, 605

wishes to publish TJ letter on smallpox, 698, 709-10, 722-3

Vaughan, William, 699n

Venable, Abraham B., 73

Venus Urania (goddess), 294

Veracruz, Mexico, 534

Vermont

marshal for, 33n, 684-5, 686n

Burlington, 36, 37n

revenue inspectors in, 36, 37n

Bennington, 37n, 684-5

collector for, 37n

newspapers, 37n, 265

postmasters, 37n

congratulatory address from, 78, 574-5, 684, 708-9

Republicans in, 78

migrants to Ky. from, 78n

elections in, 147, 324, 506, 684, 685-6n

physicians, 369, 684, 685n

smallpox vaccination in, 369, 685n

House of Representatives, 574-5, 684-6, 708-9

attorneys, 575n

and American Revolution, 601

circuit court cases in, 658

council of censors, 684-5

U.S. attorney for, 685

See also Federalists; Republicans

Vermont Gazette, 37n

Vermont Journal, 265n

Vernon, William, Sr., 4, 6n

"Verus" (Carlos Martínez de Irujo), xlv

vetch, 326

Vienna, 236, 237n

View of the Conduct of the Executive (James Monroe), 253n

Villers, Charles François Dominique de

Philosophie de Kant, 708n

Vindication of the Religion of Mr. Jefferson and a Statement of his Services in the Cause of Religious Liberty (Samuel Knox), 388n

Virgil, 180n

Virginia

Agriculture

camels, 105n

suitability for olive trees, 105n

hams from, 137, 406

Ravensworth tract, 569n

compared with Europe, 706-7

cattle, 707

Constitution of the U.S.

ratification of, 26n

Council of State

members of, 279n

Courts

High Court of Chancery, 343n

Court of Appeals, 446n, 727n

General Court, 446n, 727n

circuit court cases in, 658

Economy

distilleries, 22n

mills, 22n, 568

taverns, inns, 22n, 185, 568-9, 727-8, 757

Warren, 22n

Blandford, 52n

merchants, 52n, 185, 280, 344, 345n

smuggling, 226, 317, 347

coal mining, 232, 233n

Manchester, 232, 233n

hatmakers, 256

Petersburg, 345n, 405, 487

roads, 568-9, 581-2

Thomas's crossroads, 569n

See also Alexandria, Va.; Milton, Va.; Norfolk, Va.; Richmond, Va.

Education and Science

smallpox vaccination in, 47, 174, 198, 213, 278, 279, 311-12, 318, 321, 339, 340n, 369

Hampden-Sydney College, 499n

physicians, 684

General Assembly

removal of condemned slaves, ix-x, 683, 712, 718-22

members, 26n, 120n, 186n, 228n, 279n, 319n, 355n, 357n, 455n, 501n, 568, 665n

supports Va. Resolutions, 26n

Laws

and smallpox inoculation, 47

taxes, 52n

to restore county records, 310

and intestate estates, 343n

education, 499n

juries, 639

Military

militia, 26n, 319n, 663n

bounties for Revolutionary War veterans, 76, 78-9n

navy, 127n

and American Revolution, 328n, 335, 502-3

Politics

Hampton collectorship, 53, 85, 89, 92, 108, 112, 119-20, 126-7, 157, 169, 185-6, 216, 263

Old Point Comfort lighthouse, 112n

Cape Henry lighthouse, 127n

election of 1800 in, 185, 256

York Co., 185

Cherrystone collectorship, 226, 314, 317, 347-8, 350, 449, 468, 469n, 570, 580, 606, 653n, 655, 665, 674

Petersburg collectorship, 278n

Henrico Co., 279n

national influence of, 286, 639

Eastern Shore, 347-8

Portuguese vice consul in, 349n

governors, 357n

postmasters, 357n

too many federal appointees from, 426, 508

New England subordinated to, 522n

TJ's visits misinterpreted by Federalists, 529

French consul for, 562n

Accomac Co., 665

Northampton Co., 665, 674

See also Federalists; Republicans

Relations with U.S.

U.S. marshals, 26, 27, 32, 49, 371

postal service, 41, 49, 186n, 217, 218

census, 49, 255, 570n

western land claims, 76, 79n

collection of internal revenues in, 356, 525

Society

Scots-Irish in, 26n

immigrants to, 52n, 344-5n

attorneys, 136n, 355n

churches, religious groups, 183, 184n, 350-1, 446, 568-9

Russell Co., 344n

horse racing, 500

population growth in, 533n

Chesterfield Co., 684, 685n

Warm Springs, 727-8

Hot Springs, 728n

See also Charlottesville, Va.

State Institutions

Capitol, 9

hospital for the insane, 503n

Virginia and North Carolina Almanack for the Year 1802 (George Douglas), 9n

Virginia Manufactory of Arms, 663

Virginia Resolutions, 26n

"Voice of A Sybil" (pseudonym)

letter from, 575-6

advises on Pa. politics, 575-6

Voigt, Henry, 15

volcanoes, 553-4

Volney, Constantin François Chasseboeuf, 105, 189n, 426

Voltaire, François Marie Arouet, 180, 482-4, 542

Vowell, John C., 136n

Wachsmuth & Soullier, 740

Wacksmuth, F. G., 46n

Wadsworth, Jeremiah, 695

Wagner, Jacob

letter to, 370-1

letter from, 188-90

and passport for Peace and Plenty, 14n

and warrants drawn on Treasury, 31, 104

as State Department chief clerk, 37, 39n, 57n, 80n, 86n, 88, 101, 109, 110, 148, 149n, 159, 162, 169, 216, 217n, 266, 311, 383n, 442n, 747n

publication of laws in German, 79

and the Windsor, 79, 80

forwards dispatches, 188-90

and R. R. Livingston's instructions, 370-1

prepares commissions, 371

and Ingersoll's account, 653n

criticism of, 703, 704n, 706n

Waldo, John J., 371n, 526-7

Walker, Benjamin, 675

Walker, Carleton, 467-8, 469n

Walker, John, 467-8, 469n

Walker, Thomas, 343n

Walker & Kennedy, 182n, 329

Walpole, Luke, 559n

Walsh, Antonio Patricio, 557, 562n

Walton, George

letter from cited, 753

Wanscher, Martin

hired as plasterer at Monticello, 49-51, 95, 96n

handles shipments for TJ, 127-8, 171, 178, 210

wages for, 171

Wapikinamouk (Delaware Indian), 599-600

War, U.S. Department of

abuses, improprieties in, 3-4, 83-4, 87, 89, 195, 271-2

purchase of arms by, 10n, 56n, 514-15, 570n, 599, 600n, 624n, 637-8, 662-3

warrants drawn on Treasury by, 14n, 31, 56n, 101n, 169n, 218n, 324, 325n, 375n, 469n, 570n, 588n, 711n

provisional army, 28n, 86n, 112n, 165n, 208n

bounties for Revolutionary War veterans, 76

use of soldiers as laborers, 76-7

and western posts, 76-7

sickness among soldiers, 77

applications for commissions, 83, 93, 346n, 496, 508-9, 746

clerks, 108, 703

arsenals, armories, 117n, 632, 636n, 637-8n

chaplains, 183n

procurement agents, 202n

desertion, 215, 216n

M. Lewis's classification of army officers, 215-16n

accountant of, 215n, 628-9, 635, 636

fortifications, 238, 632, 634, 637-8, 640, 645, 646-7, 650n, 688, 711n

engineers, 564, 567n

clothing, 570n, 637

ordinance, 570n, 637-8

military returns, 600n, 646

reorganization, reduction, 600n, 624n, 628, 632, 635, 636n, 644, 645, 688

quartermaster department, 635, 636n, 637

cavalry, 637

medical department, 637

pay of army, 637

appropriations for, 637-8

letters from cited, 754, 755, 756

courts-martial, 756

See also Dearborn, Henry

Ward, John, 102n

Wardlaw, William

vaccinates TJ's slaves, vii, 35n, 47, 91, 102-3, 120, 166, 198, 213

account with TJ, 12n

warehouses, 187n

War of 1812, 175n, 357n

Warren (U.S. ship), 534

Warren, Henry, 222, 223n

Warren, James

letter from, 221-3

and Plymouth collectorship, 221-3

Warren, Mercy Otis, 221

Washington, George

method of communicating with department heads, x, 576-7

visits Newport, R.I., 5, 6n

TJ hailed as successor to, 21

criticism of, 33n

appointments by, 37n, 222, 281n, 320n, 333n, 364n, 460-1n, 469n, 654, 665n

death of, 37n

and Alexandria collectorship, 43, 46n

and Washington, D.C., 47-8

and Fergusson, 52n

and Poirey, 68-9

aides-de-camp, 82, 83n, 675n, 683n

administration praised, 86n

and the Hope, 86n

as reference, 201, 252n

and collection of internal revenues, 264

busts of, 293, 294n

secretaries, 313n

absences of, from capital, 315

and P. F. Tubeuf, 344n

term limits for foreign missions, 381

portrait of, 391

visits Pearce's factory, 451

and J. Cook, 456, 457n

and L'Enfant, 567n

annual address to Congress, 612, 614

coins and medals sent to, 682, 692

and Lyons, 727n

Washington, William (1752-1810), 335

Washington, D.C.

reputation as unhealthy, vii, viii, 109, 305, 315

streets and roads in, ix, 115, 131-2, 155, 167-8, 176, 209, 372, 449

post office, 30, 41

banks, 43, 45, 46n, 54, 132, 133-4n, 135-6n, 166, 191n, 304-5

President's Square, 48, 131, 168, 209

financial markets, 54

smallpox vaccination at, 103n, 230-1, 369, 495, 573

government relocates to, 108, 133, 285, 288-9n, 438, 440n, 570n, 629

Capitol Hill, 109, 131, 133, 167, 209

bridges, 131, 167-8

Capitol Square, 131, 209

New Jersey Ave., 131, 167-8, 176, 209

Pennsylvania Ave., 131, 167-8, 176, 209

Washington Navy Yard, 187

Catholics in, 202-3

St. Mary's Church, 203n, 349n

Seven Buildings, 209

justices of the peace, 254n, 592n

mayors, 254n

Orphan's Court, 254n

office-seeking in, 264

surveyors for, 349n, 372, 373, 717n

wharves, 349n

land development, speculation, 402n

F Street, 449

drought at, 471-2

newspapers, 487-8

booksellers, 489

social life, 511

immigrants to, 543

packet service to, from, 543

longitude of, 549n

L'Enfant's plan of, 562-8

breweries, 592n

images of, 657n

hotels, boardinghouses, 706n

taverns, 706n

See also Anacostia River; District of Columbia

Washington, Fort, 477n

Washington (British packet), 543

Washington Federalist, 275n, 282

Washingtoniana: A Collection of Papers Relative to the Death and Character of General George Washington (George Douglas), 9n

Washington Printing and Bookselling Company, 487-8

Waterhouse, Benjamin

letters to, 47, 91, 120-1, 311-12

letters from, 8, 166, 198-200, 213-14, 369-70, 680-1

supplies vaccine matter to TJ, vii, 8, 35n, 47, 89, 103, 120, 170, 174, 277-8, 311, 495, 572

and TJ's vaccination experiments, vii, xlix, 91, 120-1, 166, 311-12, 472, 495, 680-1

supplies vaccine matter to others, 198, 231, 290, 318

successful spread of vaccination, 198-200, 213-14

as professor, 200

Prospect of Exterminating the Small Pox, 200n

reports fraud, rivalry among physicians, 369-70, 680-1

and Lettsom, 425n

Watson, James, 10n, 101

Watson, John

enters trade with Higginbotham, 28

payments to, 400

letter to cited, 400n, 754

Watson, Josiah, 196

Watson, William (Mass.), 53, 56n, 222-3

Watson, William (N.J.), 365-6

Watt, James, 681-2

Wayles, John (TJ's father-in-law), 320-1, 726

Wayles estate, 320-1, 726

Wayne, Caleb P., 693

Wealth of Nations (Adam Smith), xlv

weather

heat, 198

gales, 224, 674

drought, 471-2, 500, 659, 678

Webster, Noah, 79, 80, 80n

weddings, 178

Wedgwood & Bentley, 294

Weems, John, 119

weights and measures, 462, 465n, 659, 660n, 679

Wessel, Gerhard George, 293, 294n

West, Benjamin, xlviii

West, John S., 460n

West Indies

export of firearms to, prevented, 10n

and American Revolution, 257n, 332

and Great Britain, 396

Quakers in, 425n

and Louisiana, 527

American prizes taken to, 546-8

and preliminary peace, 715

removal of condemned slaves to, 720

Weston, Abijah, 325n

whale oil, 60n

Wharton, Isaac, 46n

wheat

price of, 104, 280-1, 659-60

bearded, 504

Hessian fly destroys wheat, 678

grown in Germany, 707

Wheeler, Peter, 748n

Whelan, Patrick, 373

Whelen, Israel, 57n

Whipple, Joseph, 135n, 263n, 652-3, 654

Whiskey Insurrection, 184n

White, Alexander

letters from, 47-8, 297-8

as D.C. commissioner, 46n, 97-100, 132, 349n, 371-3, 450

and S. Davidson's claim, 47-8

and Maryland loan, 113

absent from Washington, 132n

letter from cited, 132n, 750

communications between D.C. commissioners and president, 297-8

and survey of D.C. lots, 349n

estimate of commissioners' debts, 371-3

White, Anthony Walton

resigns as surveyor, 84, 86n, 107, 157, 226, 314

letter from cited, 752

White, Bishop William, 42

White, Samuel, 205, 207-8n

White, Valentine

letters to, from cited, 26n

and Va. marshalcy, 26n

Whitehill, Robert, 104n

Whiten, Peleg

letter from cited, 753

White River, 554

Whiteside, Jenkins, 558

Whiting, John, 306n

Whitlock, Turner Richardson

letter from, 214

seeks appointment, 214

identified, 214n

Whitney, Eli, 514-15, 599-600, 662-3

Whittington, Thomas, 659

whooping cough

TJ's grandchildren suffer from, vii, 578, 579, 589, 590, 677, 690-1, 734, 735, 744

in Va., 373

Wichelhausen, Frederick Jacob, 407, 426

Wickham, John, 467

Wilcox, Joseph (of Killingworth), 485

Wildman, Daniel, 409n

Wilkins, Nathaniel, 226, 314, 317, 347, 449

Wilkinson, James

letter to, 307-8

letter from, 196-7

praise for, 75, 557

appointed Indian commissioner, 75-6, 78n, 305n, 307

and removal of troops from western posts, 77

at Wilkinsonville, 78n

forwards correspondence with Dearborn, 196-7

and Indian treaty negotiations, 307-8, 402, 518n

in Miss. Terr., 551-2, 551-3

and Burr conspiracy, 670n

and murder of Cherokee woman, 748n

Wilkinsonville, Cantonment (army post), 75, 77, 78n

Willard, John, 33n, 684-5, 686n

Willcox, Joseph

letter from, 475-6

seeks appointment, 475-6, 485-6, 691n

identified, 476n

Willes, Sir John

Reports of Adjudged Cases, 489

Willett, Marinus

letter from, 238

committee of correspondence member, 235n

recommends M. L. Davis, 238

and harbor fortifications at New York, 447

William (British ship), 148, 149n

William and Mary, College of

graduates, 26n, 355n, 357n

curriculum, faculty, 212-13, 269, 533n

housekeeper, 503n

Williams, John Pugh, 347, 389, 468n

Williams, Robert

recommends James Read, 467, 468n

letter from cited, 468n, 750

Williamsburg, Va., 27, 503n

Williamson, Hugh

letter from, 257-8

introduces his brother to TJ, 257-8

Williamson, John, 257-8

Williamson & Stoney (Charleston), 257n

William V, Prince of Orange (stadtholder of Netherlands), 295, 296n, 714, 715n

Willing, Thomas

letters to, 166-7, 399-400

letter from, 303-5

director of Bank of the U.S., 46n

family of, 118n

and establishment of Bank of the U.S. branch in Washington, 132, 133-4n, 135-6n, 191n

TJ recommends Hanson to, 166-7, 303-5, 321-2, 399-400

Willink, Van Staphorst, & Hubbard, 371n

Willis, Abel, 453-4

Willson, Richard

letter from, 451-2

seeks appointment, 451-2

identified, 452n

Wilmington, Del., 567n

Wilmington, N.C.

collector at, 132, 134n, 389-90, 467-9, 496-7, 622, 656n, 755

Spanish privateer at, 132, 134n, 154, 158, 159n

inspector of naval stores, 389

naval officer at, 467-9

surveyor, 468, 469n

Wilson, Alexander, xlviii

Wilson, Leighton, 368n

Wilson, William (Va.), 82n

Wilson v. Mason, 46n

Winchester, James, 336

Windsor (British snow)

seized by prisoners of war, 37-9, 57n, 79, 81, 86, 110-11, 124-5, 158, 159n, 677

wine

ordered by TJ, 165, 226n, 255, 317, 348, 568, 588-9, 723, 756

prices, 165n, 348, 568

Madeira, 317, 348

merchants, 345n

Brazil, 348, 588, 589n

London Particular, 348, 568

hock, 406, 426

licenses to retail, 602, 604n, 643

measurement of, 679

Malaga, 723

sauterne, 756

Wingate, William

letter from cited, 754

Winship, Winn, 229n

Winter, Jan Willem de, 537, 539n

Wistar, Caspar, 434

Wolcott, Alexander, 486

Wolcott, Frederick, 598-9

Wolcott, Oliver, Jr.

and D. Hopkins's pardon, 41, 261

and Fergusson, 51

and oaths of citizenship, 559n

recommends aspirants for office, 598

and Seneca annuity, 695-6

and case of W. P. Gardner and A. Campbell, 700-1, 705n

removes Republican clerks, 703

and Austin, 737

women

education of, vii, 471, 475

dower rights, xlvii, 362-4, 413n, 454, 455n, 581n

in American Revolution, 23n

widows, widowhood, 249

childbirth, 498, 510-11

Wood, Basil, 706n

Wood, Richard, 13, 14n

Wood, William

letter from cited, 752

Woodhouse, James, 124n, 341, 342n, 433, 435n

Woodruff, George, 288n

Woods, William, xlvi-xlvii, 454, 455n, 580-1

Woodside, John

letter from, 476-7

forwards reprint of Inaugural Address in Italian, 476-7

identified, 477n

reimbursed for moving expenses, 570n

Woodson, Tarleton, 757

Woodson, Tucker, 455n

Woodward, Abishai, 91-2, 118n

Woodward, Augustus Brevoort

letter from cited, 755

Workman, James

letter from, 669-71

sends pamphlet, urges occupation of Louisiana and Florida, 669-71

identified, 670n

writings, 670n

letter to cited, 671n

thanked by TJ, 671n

Wormely. See Hughes, Wormley (1781-1858, TJ's slave)

Worthington, Charles, 290

Worthington, Thomas

advises on appointments, 170n, 227, 229n

as register of land office, 170n, 227, 229n

and land office fees, 227, 229n, 230n

offered appointments, 227, 229n, 314

political allies of, 277n

correspondence with Gallatin, 586

Wortman, Tunis, 274n, 275n

Wray, George, 186n

Wray, George, Jr., 185, 186n

Wray, Jacob, 186n

Wrede, John Frederic

letters from cited, 753, 756

Wren, James, 757

Wright, Robert, 269n

Wright, Samuel, 452n

Wycombe, John Henry Petty, second Marquis of Lansdowne, Lord, 491

Wylly, Richard, 229n, 570, 580

Wythe, George

law students of, 26n

letter from cited, 84n

recommends S. Quarrier, 84n, 478, 496

Decisions of Cases, 466

Yale University

graduates, 71n, 144, 548n, 691n

president, 369, 370n, 497

Yancey, Joel, 349, 350n, 375, 757

Yarico, 557, 562n

Yazoo Companies, 352n

Yazoo River, 72

Yeaton, Hopley

letter from, 654-5

accused of alcoholism, 653n

seeks reappointment, 653n, 654-5

identified, 654n

yellow fever, 304, 534, 539n, 670n

yews, 352n

Yorke, Peter, 740

Young, Arthur

Rural Œconomy, 605n

Young, Notley, 190-1, 254n

Young, Robert, 388n

Yznardi, Joseph, Jr., 22, 39, 40, 494n

Yznardi, Joseph, Sr.

letters from, 39-40, 585

American prizes in Spanish ports, 22

appointed consul at Cadiz, 22, 39-40, 585

health of, 22, 39, 40

and Irujo's recall, 393n

wine merchant, 723

Zwisler, James, 294