Atomic Force Microscope, AFM
Index
The atomic force microscope is a scanning probe system that measures the interatomic force between the tip of a silicon cantilever and the sample being studied. The Digital Instruments multimode system is illustrated, with the diagram showing the signal generation path. 
The silicon tip is deflected by its interaction with the sample and the piezoelectric sample stage is adjusted to keep the laser beam reflected off the tip in the same region of the photodetector. In the tapping mode illustrated, tip oscillation amplitude is kept constant.