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| Passing a material between rollers to alter its dimensions or shape is a common manufacturing process. In the rolling process the material is plastically deformed and the grain structure tends to be elongated in the rolling direction. This effect makes the rolled material anisotropic in its mechanical properties, with a larger stiffness along the rolling direction than in the transverse direction. The diagram below shows several rolling configurations used in manufacturing. | |||||||||
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| From:
Edwards and Endean,
"Manufacturing with Materials," Butterworth Heinemann (1995) |
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