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The Structure of Solids
Covalently Bonded Ceramics

· Diamond & Graphite are both carbon "Ceramic" materials, Diamond with hybridized (sp3 ) bonding and Graphite with hybridized (sp2 ) bonding.
· The directionality of the covalent bonds determines the crystal structure.

· Diamond has an fcc lattice with a basis of two carbon atoms (Diamond Cubic).
· Graphite has a layer structure with covalent bonding in the plane and van der Waals bonds between the planes.
After: Kingery et al, "Introduction to Ceramics," Wiley (1976)